北京成人本科学位英语统一考试真题及答案.docx

北京成人本科学位英语统一考试真题及答案.docx

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北京成人本科学位英语统一考试真题及答案

2012年11月北京成人本科学位英语统一考试真题及答案

PartIReadingComprehension（30%）

Directions:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

Passage1

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Itseemslikeeverydaythere’ssomenewresearchaboutwhetherourfavoritedrinksaregoodforus.（76）Oneday,sciencesaysaglassofredwineadaywillhelpuslivelonger.Thenextday,maybenot.Itseemsjournalistsareprettyinterestedinwineresearchandthesamemightbesaidforcoffee.Now，there’sbeenalotofresearchintowhethercoffee’sgoodforourhealth.“Theresultshavereallybeenmixed，”admitsNealFreedmanwholedthecoffeestudyandpublishedhisfindingsinamedicaljournalrecently.“There’sbeensomeevidencethatcoffeemightincreasetheriskofcertaindiseasesandthere’salsobeenmaybemorerecentevidencethatcoffeemayprotectagainstotherdiseasesaswell.”

Freedmanandhiscolleaguesundertookthebiggeststudyyettolookattherelationshipbetweencoffeeandhealth.Theyanalyzeddatacollectedfrommorethan400,000Americansages50to71participatinginthestudy.“Wefoundthatthecoffeedrinkershadamodestlylowerriskofdeaththanthenon-drinkers，”hesaid.Here’swhathemeansby“modestly”：

thosewhodrankatleasttwoorthreecupsadaywereabout10percentor15percentlesslikelytodieforanyreasonduringthe13yearsofthestudy.Whentheresearcherslookedatspecificcausesofdeath,coffeedrinkingappearedtocuttheriskofdyingfromheartdisease,lungdisease,injuries,accidentsandinfections.

Now,Freedmanstressedthatthestudydoesn’tprovecoffeecanmakepeoplelivelonger.Astudylikethiscanneverproveacause-and-effectrelationship.（77）Allitcanreallydoistopointresearchersintherightdirectionforfurtherinvestigation.Andevenifitturnsoutthatcoffeeisreallygoodforyou,scientistshavenoideawhy.

1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,reporterswouldliketoknowtheresearchfindingsof.

A.teaB.beerC.alcoholD.coffee

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Freedmanandhiscolleagueshired400,000Americanstocollectdata.

B.AboutfourhundredthousandAmericansworkedforFreedman’steamfulltimefor13years.

C.PeoplewhotookpartinFreedman’sresearchareabout50to70yearsold.

D.Peoplewhoare50to70yearsoldseldomdrinkcoffee.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,scientists.

A.havealreadyprovedthatcoffeeisgoodforhumanhealth

B.havealongwaytogobeforetheyfindawaytostudycoffee

C.haveavoidedthecause-and-effectapproachtostudycoffee

D.arestillunabletofigureoutwhycoffeeisgoodforus

4.Theword“mixed”inthefirstparagraphmeans“”.

A.bothgoodandbadB.puttogetherC.bothsharpandsoftD.confused

5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A.CanBeerHelpYouLiveLonger?

B.CanCoffeeHelpYouLiveLonger?

C.CanWineHelpYouLiveLonger?

D.CanTeaHelpYouLiveLonger?

Passage2

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Whenwe’relearningaforeignlanguage,makingsenseofwhatwehearisthefirststeptowardfluency.Itsoundsobvious,butuntilrecently,wedidn’tknowmuchabouthowlisteningworks.Newresearchdemonstratesthateffectivelisteninginvolvesmorethansimplyhearingthewordsthatfloatpastourears.Rather,it’sanactiveprocessofreceivinginformationandmakingmeaning.Thiskindofengagedlisteningisaskillthat’sascriticalforlearningarangeofsubjectsatschoolandworkasitisforlearningtounderstandaforeigntongue.

（78）Studiesofskilledlanguagelearnershaveidentifiedspecificlisteningstrategiesthatleadtosuperiorcomprehension.Lastyear,forexample,UniversityofOttawaresearcherLarryVandergriftpublishedhisstudyof106undergraduateswhowerelearningFrenchasasecondlanguage.Halfofthestudentsweretaughtinaconventionalfashion,listeningtoandpracticingtextsspokenaloud.Theotherhalf,possessingthesameinitial（最初的）skilllevelandtaughtbythesameteacher,weregivendetailedinstructiononhowtolisten.Itminedoutthatthesecondgroup“significantlyoutperformed”（胜过）thefirstoneonatestofcomprehension.

Sowhataretheselisteningstrategies?

Skilledlearnersgointoalisteningclasswithasenseofwhattheywanttogetoutofit.（79）Theysetagoalfortheirlisteningandtheygeneratepredictionsaboutwhatthespeakerwillsay.Beforethetalkingbegins,theymentallyreviewwhattheyalreadyknowaboutthesubject,andformanintentionto“listenoutfor”what’simportantorrelevant.Oncetheybeginlistening,theselearnersmaintaintheirfocus;iftheirattentionwanders,theybringitbacktothewordsbeingspoken.Theydon’tallowthemselvestobethrownoffbyconfusingorunfamiliardetails.Instead,theytakenoteofwhattheydon’tunderstandandmakeinferencesaboutwhatthosethingsmightmean,basedonothercluesavailabletothem:

theirpreviousknowledgeofthesubject,thecontext（语境）ofthetalk,,theidentityofthespeaker,andsoon.

6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Effectivelisteningmeanshearingthewordsthatfloatpastourears.

B.Developingyourlisteningskillsisthefirststeptowarddevelopingfluency.

C.Skilledlistenersusespecificstrategiestogetthemostoutofwhattheyhear.

D.Listeningisoneofthemostpowerfultoolswehavetogaininformation.

7.WhatdoesVandergrift’sresearchshow?

A.Learnerswhoadoptspecificlisteningstrategiesbecomebetterlisteners.

B.Learnerstaughtinthetraditionalwayarebetteratreinforcingwhattheylearn.

C.Learnersaremoreconfidentiftheymakefewermistakes.

D.Learnerswholistenonaregularbasisimprovefaster.

8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutVandergrift’sresearchisTRUE?

A.TheparticipantswerepostgraduateslearningFrenchasasecondlanguage.

B.Alltheparticipantsweretaughtusingtheconventionalmethod,withthefocusonlisteningstrategies.

C.Thetwogroupsweretaughtbydifferentteachers.

D.Theparticipantswereatthesameinitialskilllevel.

9.Theexpression“thrownoff”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“”.

A.infectedB.confusedC.ruinedD.informed

10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstrategiesisNOTusedbyskilledlearners?

A.Reviewtheirpriorknowledgeofthesubject.

B.Concentrateonthespeaker’swords.

C.Translateintotheirnativelanguage.

D.Predictwhatthespeakerwillsay.

Passage3

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

（80）AstheTitanicwassinkingandwomenandchildrenclimbedintolifeboats,themusiciansfromtheship’sbandstoodandplayed.Theydiedwhentheshipwentdown.Menstoodonthedeckandsmokedcigarettes.Theydied,too.Thisbehaviorispuzzlingtoeconomists,wholiketobelievethatpeopletendtoactintheirownselfinterest.“Therewasnopushing,”saysDavidSavage,aneconomistatQueenslandUniversityinAustraliawhohasstudiedwitnessreportsfromthesurvivors.Itwas“very,veryorderlybehavior.”

SavagehascomparedthebehaviorofthepassengersontheTitanicwiththoseontheLusitania,anothershipthatalsosankataboutthesametime.ButwhentheLusitaniawentdown,thepassengerspanicked（恐慌）.Therewerealotofsimilaritiesbetweenthesetwoevents.Thesetwoshipswerebothluxuryones,theyhadasimilarnumberofpassengersandasimilarnumberofsurvivors.

Thebiggestdifference,Savageconcludes,wastime.TheLusitaniasankinlessthan20minutes.ButfortheTitanic,itwastwo-and-a-halfhours.“Ifyou’vegotaneventthatlaststwo-and-a-halfhours,socialorderwilltakeoverandeverybodywillbehaveinasocialmanner,”Savagesays.“Ifyou’regoingdowninunder17minutes,basicallyit’sinstinctual.”OntheTitanic,socialorderruled,anditwaswomenandchildrenfirst.OntheLusitania,instinctwonout.Thesurvivorswerelargelythepeoplewhocouldswimandgetintothelifeboats.

Yes,we’reself-interested,Savagesays.Butwe’realsopartofasociety.Giventime,socialnorms（规范）canbeatournaturalself-interest.Ahundredyearsago,womenandchildrenalwayswentfirst.Menwerestoic（坚忍的）.OntheTitanic,therewasenoughtimeforthesenormstobecomeforceful.

11.Accordingtotheauthor,economistswereconfusedbecause.

A.people’sbehaviorwasdisorderlyontheTitanic

B.peopledidnotactintheirowninterestontheTitanic

C.mostmendidnotactintheirowninterestontheLusitania

D.womenandchildrencouldnotclimbintothelifeboats

12.Theexpression“wonout”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“”.

A.tooktheupperhandB.wentoutofcontrolC.ranwildD.shutdown

13.AccordingtoDavidSavage,wasacriticalfactorindeterminingpeople’sbehaviorinthesinkingofthesetwoships.

A.socialorderB.placeC.instinctD.time

14.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

A.Bothshipswereexpensiveones.

B.Asimilarnumberofwomenandchildrenfrombothshipssurvived.

C.Aboutthesamenumberofpeoplefromeachshipdied.

D.Bothshipshadasimilarnumberofpassengers.

15.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A.WhyDidn’tMusiciansPlayontheLusitania?

B.WhyDidMusiciansPlayontheTitanic?

C.WhyDidn’tPassengersPanicontheTitanic?

D.WhyDidMenSmokeontheTitanic?

PartⅡVocabularyandStructure（30%）

Directions:

Inthispartt