大学英语综英教程的课文详解词汇和语法点.docx

大学英语综英教程的课文详解词汇和语法点.docx

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大学英语综英教程的课文详解词汇和语法点

BookOne

UnitI

TextI

tobeawayfrom…:

toleave…

forgood:

forever

e.g.,Henrylefthishometownforgoodwhenhewasalittlechild.

beconfrontedwithsth.:

befacedwithsth.difficult,dangerous,unpleasant,etc.

e.g.Jackwasconfrontedwithacharge（=accusation）oftheft.

Theywerethenconfrontedwithafoodshortage.

Theworldisnowconfrontedwitheconomiccrises.

briefasitwas=althoughitwasbrief

Whenasisusedtomeanalthough,itmustbeusedinaninvertedorderforemphasis:

adv./adj./v.+as+S+V

e.g.Hardasshetried,shefailed.

Wealthyashewas,hewasnothappy.

Tryastheywill,theywon’tsucceed.

touchedwith…:

associatedwiththejoysandsorrowsofthefourgenerationsofthefamily

betouchedwith:

containacertainamountof（aquality）

e.g.Theboyistouchedwithgenius.

Herhairistouchedwithbrown.

c.f.Herstorytouchedusdeeply.

wellup:

comeup;rise

e.g.Oilwellsupfromtheground.

Gratitudewelledupinmyheart.

reston:

lieon;fallon

e.g.Hisarmrestedonthetable.

throughmytears:

whileIwascrying

…saygoodbyetoyou…:

leaveyou…/partfromyou…

haveonethingincommon:

shareonething;sharethesamething

havesth.incommon:

sharesth.

e.g.Thetwosistershavealotincommon.

Thetwinbrotherslookalike,buttheyhavelittleincommonincharacter.

lookinto:

lookatcloselyandcarefully;examine

e.g.Shelookedintomyeyesforalongtime.

c.f.Thepolicelookedintothecaseofmurder.

handinhand:

holdingeachother’shands

e.g.Thetwoplayersenteredthetenniscourthandinhand.

It’s…thatmakesthemso.:

It’sthespecialfeelingthatyouhavethatmakestherosesbeautiful.

thatspecialplacein…:

thatspecialfeelingthatyouhave

makesthemso:

makestherosesbeautiful

Itis/was…who（m）/that…（emphaticpattern）

e.g.Itisthebosswhokeepsorderingusaround.

Itwasin1949thatNewChinawasborn.

ItwasTomwhom/thatIsawinthelibrary.

was…adream:

wasborn;cameintotheworld

manysons:

manyyoungmen

wentaway:

leftforthebattlefield

agreatevil:

NaziFascism（headedbyHitlerandMussolini）

Don’teversay…:

Neversay…

givein（to）:

yield（to）;surrender（to）

e.g.Theyfoughtfortwodays,butfinallytheyhadtogivein.

Nevergiveintodifficultiesorhardships.

Takethatspecialhello:

Acceptthatfirstfriendlygreeting

lockitawaywithinyou…:

alwayskeepitinyourmind（andyouwillneverforgetthejoyandhappinessofsummer）

lockawaysth.:

keepsth.safebyputtingitinalockedplace;keepsth.secret

e.g.Theladylockedawayherjewelryinasafe.

Shelockedawayhersorrowsdeepinherheart.

summerisanalwaystime:

thereisalwaysgreatjoyandhappinessofsummer

analwaystime:

anever-lastingtime

mustpart=mustpartfromeachother

part（fromsb.）:

leave（sb.）;saygoodbye（tosb.）

e.g.Thepoorgirlhadtopartfromherparents.

reach…withinyou:

thinkdeeply

bringback:

remember

thefamilywassummoned:

allthepeopleinthefamilyweretoldtocomeback

Whenitcametomyturn:

Whenitwasmyturntoseehim

whenitcomes/cametoone’sturn:

whenitis/wasone’sturntodosth.

e.g.Whenitcametohisturn,hewentcalmlyontotheplatform.

movedon:

left;wentaway

makeup:

form;constitute

e.g.Elevenplayersmakeupasoccerteam.

China’spopulationmakesupaboutaquarteroftheworld’stotal.

TextII

attache（s）:

（Howtopronounceit?

）

springsup:

beginssuddenly

womenhaveoutgrownthe…era:

thedaysaregonewhenwomenwouldjumponachairatthesightofamouse,i.e.nowadayswomenarenolongersoeasilyscaredorfrightenedastheyusedtobe

acolonelwhosaystheyhaven’t.:

acolonelsayswomenarestilleasilyscaredorfrightened.

…unfailingreaction:

reactionthatawomanalwayshas

feellikeit:

wanttoscream

whatcounts:

thethingthatisimportant

frightenthecobraintostriking:

frightenthesnakesomuchthatitwillattackandbitepeople

arresting:

attracting（people’s）attention

itsoberseveryone:

itmakes…calmandquiet

forfeit:

lose（money）becauseoffailuretodosth.

makefor:

movetowards（quickly）

lightsup…:

causes（thewoman’sface）tobecomecheerful

Unit2

TextI

whatever=whatever（moreemphaticthanwhat）

manners:

people’swaysofbehaving

dosb.afavour:

dosth.kindforsb.;

helpsb.

e.g.Couldyoudomeafavour?

goodmanner（s）:

politeway（s）ofbehavingortreatingothers

alittlenicer…eachother:

abitmorepolitetoeachother

gottenawayfromthat:

becomedifferentfromwhatitusedtobe

hand:

pass;give

givingawaveornod…:

wavingthehandornoddingtheheadtoshowtheirgratitude

appreciation:

thankfulrecognition;gratitude

pulloutintotraffic:

driveontotheroadandjoininthetraffic

pullout:

driveontotheroad

doesn’treallymatter:

isn’treallyimportant

itcanmatterverymuch:

itcanbeveryimportant

matter:

beimportant

e.g.Itdoesn’tmatterhowyou’redressedoninformaloccasions.

…stylishwithoutgoodmanners:

（wecan’tbetruly）fashionableunlesswebehavepolitelyandtreatotherspolitely

thinkof…as:

regardorview…as

e.g.ManypeoplethinkofHangzhouasthemostbeautifulcityinChina.

Mozartisthoughtofasoneofthegreatestcomposersofhistime.

Theybecome…beforeoureyes:

Theyseemtobegreatmoviestarstous

Take:

Consider

art:

skill

getintoa/thehabit:

forma/thehabit

e.g.Youshouldgetintoagoodhabitoftakingnotesinclass.

Nevergetintothebadhabitofsmoking.

gracious:

polite;good

setsb.anexample（=setanexampleforsb.）:

showsb.therightwaytodosth.

e.g.Hesetusagood/fineexample.

Hesetagoodexampleforus.

addspricelesspanacheto…:

helpsgreatlytoimproveyourimage/contributesgreatlytoimprovingyourimage

do/workwonders:

haveanunusuallybeneficialeffect;bringunexpectedgoodresults

e.g.Themedicinedidwondersforhisheadache.

thepersonon…end:

thepersonreceiving“Thankyou.”;thepersonreceivingthethank

complimentsb.onsth.:

praisesb.forsth.

e.g.Theguestscomplimentedheronhercooking.

Wecomplimentedthehostonhishospitality.

sweetgesture:

pleasinggesture

terrific:

verygood/nice（colloquial）

putmeinagreatmood:

mademeveryhappy

Ibetthenote…didn’t…towrite:

I’msuremyguestmusthavespentlittletimewritingthenoteshesentme

Ibet:

I’msure/certain（colloquial）

e.g.Ibettheywillsucceed.

putoff:

postpone

e.g.Themeetingwasputoff.

IputoffansweringtheletterasIwasverybusy.

goby:

pass

e.g.Nearlyamonthhasgonebysincewecametothiscollege.

board（anairplane）:

get/goonboard（anairplane）

meltaway…theirritation…:

makemostofyourangerdisappear

Samefor=Itisthesamefor

aweebit:

alittlebit（colloquial）

e.g.Hisstoryisaweebittedious.

punctualityisnot…:

beingontimeisnotjuststh.highlyvaluedonlyinthepast（;itisstillhighlyvaluedeventoday）

athingofthepast:

sth.（thatwas）highlyvaluedonlyinthepast

Beingontime:

Beingpunctual

value:

regardasvaluableorimportant

e.g.Wehighlyvaluethefriendshipbetweenourtwocountries.

itcountsthemost:

itisthemostimportant

count:

beimportant

e.g.Everyminutecounts.

c.f.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryougoorstay.

goalongway（todosth./towardsdoingsth.）:

helpgreatly（todosth.）

e.g.Thatwillgoalongwaytoovercomethedifficulties.

Thatwillgoalongwaytowardsovercomingthedifficulties.

theyareinyourthoughts:

theyareimportanttoyou;youoftenthinkaboutthem

suregetmyattention:

surelyattractmyattention

sure=surely（colloquial）

e.g.Hesureisright.

Showthat…:

Youshouldshowthatyoudon’ttreatyourwifeorhusbandwithcarelessindifference

takesb.forgranted:

treatsb.withcarelessindifference

e.g.HetookMaryforgranted.

c.f.Theytookourhelpforgranted.

（=Theyregardedourhelpascertain.）

areinfectious:

canbespreadfromonepersontoanother（i.e.ifyoubehavepolitelytoothers,you’llmakethembehavepolitelytoyouinreturn）

ifwecouldjustget…:

Iwishwecouldgeteveryonetousegoodmannerswithothers

if:

ifonly;howIwish

catchthem:

usegoodmannerswithothers;behavepolitelytoothers;treatotherspolitely

TextII

AnEducator’s…Responsibility:

aparent’sorateacher’smoralresponsibility（forchildren）

ravagesofinhumanity:

destructiveeffectsofactsofcruelty

intolerance:

lackoftolerance

compelling:

convincing

decline:

falling;deterioration

contendwith:

strugglewith

levels:

degrees

adolescentaggression:

someteenagers’aggressivebehavior（suchasusingoffensivelanguage,attackingorbullyingyoungerorweakerchidren）

profanity:

offensivelanguage（tobeusedtoinsultsb.,e.g.“Goddamnit”,“thesonofabitch”,etc.）

socialclimate:

socialatmosphere

displayantagonisticattitudes:

showhatredorhostilitytoothers

impartto…thevalues…（=impartthevalues…totheirchildren）:

lettheirchildrenknowandlearnthevalues…

impartsth.tosb.:

letsb.knowsth.

integrety:

honesty

decency:

modesty

surrender:

giveup

interferewith:

prevent;affect

disciplined:

punished

ratherthan:

insteadof

findfaultwith:

becriticalof

inessence:

essentially;basically

pervasive:

widespread

affirm:

agreewith;support

sportsmanship:

spiritofhonestfairplayandgracefulwinningorlosing

ladiesandgentlemen:

well-behavedpersons/citizens

Unit3

TextI

When…Struck:

When…HitthePlane

strike:

hit;

e.g.Lightningstruckthehouse.

Thetreewasstruckbylightning.

c.f.Tomstrikes（=impresses）measaverybrightboy.

aircrash:

planecrash;airdisas