专题10阅读完型限时保分练四 高考英语阅读完形填空解题技巧及真题演练.docx

专题10阅读完型限时保分练四 高考英语阅读完形填空解题技巧及真题演练.docx

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专题10阅读完型限时保分练四高考英语阅读完形填空解题技巧及真题演练

第十讲：

阅读完型限时保分练（四）　

（限时55分钟）　　　　　　　

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

UrbanTransportationinCanada

Publictransportation&Transitpasses

AllcitiesandmostmajortownsinCanadahaveapublictransportationsystemwithoneormoremodesoftransportation（bus,subway,train,etc.）．ThebusisthemostcommonformofurbantransportationinCanada.Tousepublictransportation,youmustpurchaseaticketoratransitpass.Transitpassesallowyouunlimiteduseofpublictransportationforaspecificperiod（onemonthormore）．Theyareusuallycheaperthanbuyingmanyticketsifyouplantousepublictransportationoften.

Transportationforpeoplewithdisabilities

Publictransportationoftenhasfeaturestoassistpeoplewithdisabilities.Inmanycitiesandtowns,therearealsotransportationservicesavailablespecificallyforpeoplewithlimitedmobility,suchasspeciallyequippedbuses.Youcanfindoutabouttheseservicesinthesamewayyouwouldlearnmoreaboutotherpublictransportationoptions.

Etiquetteonpublictransportation

Whentakingpublictransportationsuchasabusortrain,itisimportanttounderstandtheunspokenrulesofconductinthesharedspace.Hereareafewthingstonote：

◆Bepoliteandrespectfultoothersaroundyou.Forexample,maintainanappropriatenoiselevelwhentalkingormakingaphonecall.

◆Ifyouarecarryingabackpackoralargeshoulderbaginacrowdedpublictransitvehicle,keepitclosetoyou,preferablyatyourfeettoavoidhittingpeoplewithitasyouwalkby.

◆Avoidpushingortouchingothersinordertomakemoreroomforyourself.Sometimespublictransitcanbecomeverycrowded,butitisimportanttokeepcalmandgiveothersappropriatepersonalspace.

◆Haveyourproofofpaymentaccessibleincaseyouareaskedtoshowit.

语篇解读：

本文主要介绍了加拿大的公共交通方式和交通卡、公共交通为残疾人提供的服务及在公共交通工具上应注意的一些礼仪。

1．Whatistheadvantageofusingtransitpassesoverbuyingtickets?

A．Safertrips.　　　　　　　B．Longerservicehours.

C．Lowercosts.D．Moreuseoftransport.

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

根据第一部分中的“Transitpassesallowyouunlimiteduseofpublictransportationforaspecificperiod（onemonthormore）．Theyareusuallycheaperthanbuyingmanyticketsifyouplantousepublictransportationoften.”可知，交通卡可以在特定时间段内无限次使用，因此如果经常使用公共交通工具的话，使用交通卡（transitpasses）会更便宜，故选C项。

2．Howdoesthetransportationsystemhelppeoplewithdisabilities?

A．Byrunningspecialtransportservices.

B．Byofferingfewertransportationoptions.

C．Bylimitingtheirmobilityoncitybuses.

D．Byprovidingfreeridesintownsandcities.

解析：

选A　细节理解题。

根据第二部分中的“Inmanycitiesandtowns,therearealsotransportationservicesavailablespecificallyforpeoplewithlimitedmobility,suchasspeciallyequippedbuses.”可知，交通系统可以为残疾人提供特殊的交通服务，故选A项。

3．Whatisconsideredimpoliteonpublictransportation?

A．Loweringyourspeakingvoice.

B．Placingbackpacksatyourfeet.

C．Stayingclosetootherpassengers.

D．Havingyourproofofpaymentathand.

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

根据第三部分中的“Avoidpushingortouchingothersinordertomakemoreroomforyourself.”以及“itisimportanttokeepcalmandgiveothersappropriatepersonalspace”可知，在公共交通工具上要避免触碰到他人，为他人留出适当的个人空间，因此C项（和其他乘客靠得很近）是不礼貌的，故选C项。

B

（2020·南昌一模）WhenIwasfiveorsixyearsold,IrememberwatchingTVandseeingotherchildrensufferinotherpartsoftheworld.Iwouldsaytomyself,“WhenIgrowupandcangetrich,Iwillsavekidsallovertheworld.”

At17,IstartedmycareerhereinAmerica,andbytheageof18,Istartedmyfirstcharityorganization.Iwentontoteamupwithotherorganizationsinthefollowingyears,andmet,helped,andevenlostsomeofthemostbeautifulsouls,fromsixyearoldJasminaAnemawhopassedawayin2010fromleukemia（白血病）,andwhosestoryinspiredthousandstovolunteerasdonors,tomygrandmother,wholostherbattlewithcancerin2012,andherdeathistheveryreasonandthedrivingforcebehindtheClaraLionelFoundation（CLF）．We’reallhuman.Andwealljustwantachance:

achanceatlife,achanceineducation,achanceatafuture,really.AndatCLF,ourmissionistoimpactasmanylivesaspossible,butitstartswithjustone.

Peoplemakeitseemtoohardtodocharitywork.Thetruthis,youdon’thavetoberichtohelpothers.Youdon’tneedtobefamous.Youdon’tevenhavetobecollegeeducated.Butitstartswithyourneighbor,thepersonrightnexttoyou,thepersonsittingnexttoyouinclass,thekiddowntheblockinyourneighborhood.Youjustdowhateveryoucantohelpinanywaythatyoucan.Andtoday,Iwanttochallengeeachofyoutomakeacommitmenttohelponeperson,oneorganization,onesituationthattouchesyourheart.Mygrandmotheralwaysusedtosay,“Ifyou’vegotadollar,there’splentytoshare.”

语篇解读：

本文是一篇记叙文。

小时候在电视上看到世界的一些地方遭受困苦的孩子时，“我”便下定决心长大后要帮助他们；十八岁时“我”创立了自己的第一个慈善组织。

慈善无关贫富、无关名誉、无关教育背景；从帮助身边的人做起，你将成就你的事业。

4．Whatdidtheauthorwanttodoatayoungage?

A．WatchTV.B．Growupquickly.

C．Becomewealthy.D．Helpotherchildren.

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句“Iwouldsaytomyself,‘WhenIgrowupandcangetrich,Iwillsavekidsallovertheworld.’”并结合第一段内容可知，小时候在电视上看到受苦的孩子时，作者想要在长大后帮助他们，故D项正确。

5．WhatdirectlycausedtheauthortocreateanddeveloptheCLF?

A．Asixyearoldkid’srequest.

B．Hergrandmother’sdeathofcancer.

C．Manyvolunteers’inspiration.

D．Otherorganizations’encouragement.

解析：

选B　细节理解题。

根据第二段第二句中的“tomygrandmother,wholostherbattlewithcancerin2012,andherdeathistheveryreasonandthedrivingforcebehindtheClaraLionelFoundation（CLF）”可知，作者的祖母患癌症去世这件事促使作者成立并发展了CLF，故B项正确。

6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“one”inParagraph2referto?

A．Achance.B．Atask.

C．Alife.D．Anorganization.

解析：

选C　代词指代题。

根据第二段最后一句“AndatCLF,ourmissionistoimpactasmanylivesaspossible,butitstartswithjustone.”可知，在克拉拉·莱昂内尔基金会中，他们的任务是尽可能影响更多的生命，但这个任务从影响一个人的生命开始。

根据该句中的“asmanylivesaspossible”“but...justone”可知，画线词one指代“alife”，故C项正确。

7．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledointhelastparagraph?

A．Dolittlethingstohelpthosearoundthem.

B．Workhardtogetacollegeeducation.

C．Challengetheirfriendstoofferhelp.

D．Docharityworkwhoeveryouare.

解析：

选A　推理判断题。

根据最后一段第五句“Butitstartswithyourneighbor,thepersonrightnexttoyou,thepersonsittingnexttoyouinclass,thekiddowntheblockinyourneighborhood.”可知，作者建议慈善从帮助身边的人做起，故A项正确。

C

Watchingwhatyoueatcanbeeasiersaidthandone,butarecentstudyshowsitmightnotjustbeaboutwhat’sonyourplate—itcouldbeabouthowquicklyitdisappears.

Japaneseresearchersfollowed1,083adultsforfiveyears,splittingthemintothreecategoriesbasedonhowquicklytheyate:

slow,normal,andfast.Theyalsoansweredaquestionnaireatthebeginningofthestudy,sharingtheirdiet,physicalactivity,andmedicalhistory.Inthebeginning,noneofthevolunteershadmetabolicsyndrome（新陈代谢综合征）—meaningatleastthreeriskfactors—whichcanleadtohealthproblemslikeheartconditionsanddiabetes.

Whentheparticipantsreportedbackfiveyearslater,84hadbeendiagnosed（诊断）withmetabolicsyndrome—theireatingspeedwasamajorpredictor,accordingtotheresultsinthejournalCirculation.Thefasteaterswere89percentmorelikelytohavemetabolicsyndromethanslowandnormaleaters.Just2.3percentofsloweatersreceivedthediagnosis,comparedto11.6percentoffasteaters.Butthat’snotall.Fasteatersalsosawmoreweightgain,largerwaistlines,andhigherbloodsugarlevelsthansloweaters.

Theresearcherssaygobblingmakesiteasiernottotakenoticeoffullnessbeforeyourbodyhasachancetosignalyoutostop.“Sowhenpeopleeatfasttheyaremorelikelytoovereat，”saidTakayukiYamaji,MD,studyauthorandcardiologistatHiroshimaUniversityinJapaninastatement.

Previousresearchbacksuptheweightbenefitsofsloweating,too.OnestudyofNewZealandwomenfoundfasteatershavehigherbodymassindexes（指数）,andaChinesestudyfoundthatbothhealthyandfatmenatelesswhentoldtochew40timesinsteadof15timesbeforeswallowing.Initialresearchevensuggestschewingyourfoodlongercouldburnmorecalories—uptoabout1,000extraeverymonth.

语篇解读：

本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了不只是吃什么影响健康，吃的速度也影响健康。

8．Whataretheparticipantsdividedby?

A．Medicalhistory.B．Healthcondition.

C．Physicalactivity.D．Eatingspeed.

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“splittingthemintothreecategoriesbasedonhowquicklytheyate:

slow,normal,andfast”可知，按照参与者吃饭的速度，研究者将他们分为吃得慢、正常、快三个类别。

9．Whichmaybetheresultofthestudy?

A．Fasteatersare4timesmorelikelytohavemetabolicsyndrome.

B．Normalandsloweatersdon’thavemetabolicillness.

C．89%offasteatershavehigherbloodpressure.

D．Sloweatersarehealthierthanfasteaters.

解析：

选D　推理判断题。

根据第三段中的“Fasteatersalsosawmoreweightgain,largerwaistlines,andhigherbloodsugarlevelsthansloweaters.”可知，比起吃得慢的人，吃得快的人体重增加更多、腰围更大、血糖水平也更高，反向推知，吃得慢的人比吃得快的人健康。

10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gobbling”inParagraph4mean?

A．Tastingslowly.B．Digestingquickly.

C．Eatinggreedily.D．Cookingcarefully.

解析：

选C　词义猜测题。

根据第四段中的“whenpeopleeatfasttheyaremorelikelytoovereat”可知，吃得快可能会让人吃得过多。

所以画线词的意思应是“贪婪地吃”，故选C项。

11．Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?

A．Theimportanceofeatingspeed.

B．Theadvantageofeatingslowly.

C．TheresultofaChinesestudy.

D．Fasteatingandovereating.

解析：

选B　段落大意题。

根据文章最后一段的中心句“Previousresearchbacksuptheweightbenefitsofsloweating,too.”及下文内容可知，本段主要讲吃得慢的好处。

D

（2020·石家庄二模）Aftershoppingfordealsinstoreson“BlackFriday”，oronlineon“CyberMonday”，Americansandpeopleworldwidearepreparingfornewlypopular“GivingTuesday”．Startingin2012,nowtheglobaleventthatiscelebratedannuallyontheTuesdayafterThanksgivingisthebrainchildof92ndStreetY,aculturalcenterinNewYorkCityandtheUnited