考研英语一真题及答案word版Word格式.docx

考研英语一真题及答案word版Word格式.docx

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bchamor__10__uself

　　Afterseveraldecades，thesaliledatawere__11__toeconometrictheanalysisHawthorneexperimentshasanothersurprisestorej2一thedescnpuonsonrecord，nosystematic__13__wasfoundthatlcvclsofproduchxntywererelatedtochangesinlighting

Itturnsoutthatpeculiarwayofconductingthec~enmentsmaybehaveletto__14__interpretationofwhathapped.__15__，tighringwasalwayschangedonaSundayWhenworkstartedagainonMonday,output__16__rosecomparedwiththepreviousSaturdayand__17__toriseforthenextcoupleofdays__18__,acomparisonwithdataforweekswhentherewasnoexpenmentationshowedthatoutputalwayswentupOnMonday,workers__19__tobeduigentforthefirstfewdaysoftheweekinanycase，before__21__aplateauandthenslackeningoffThissuggeststhatthealleged”Hawthorneeffect“ishardtoptndown

1.[A]affected[B]achieved[C]exlracted[D]restored

2[A]at[B]up[C]with[D]Off

3[A]Wuth[B]sight[C]act[D]proof

4.[A]convoversial[B]perplexing[c]mischieous[D]ambiguous

5.[A]reqtttrents[B]cxplanalions[C]accounts[D]assements

6[A]conclude[B]matter[C]indicate[D]work

7[A]asfaras[B]forfearthat[C]incasethat[D]solongas

8.[A]awarerress[B]expectation[C]sentiment[D]illusion

9.[A]suitale[B]excessive[C]enough[D]abundant

10.[A]about[B]for[C]on[D]by

11[A]compared[B]shown[C]subjected[D]conveyed

12.[A]contraryto[B]consistentwith[C]parallelwith[D]pealliarto

13.[A]evidence[B]guidance[C]implication[D]source

14.[A]disputable[B]enlightening[C]retiable[D]wasleadmg

15.[A]Incontast[B]Forexample[C]Inconsequence[D]Asusual

16.[A]duly[B]accidentally[C]unpredictably[D]suddenly

17.[A]failed[B]ceased[C]started[D]continued

20.[A]breaking[B]chrnbing[C]surpassmg[D]hiting

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions：

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A]，[B]，[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

　　Text2

　　Overthepastdecade,thousandsofpatentshaveseengranledforwhatarecalledbusinessmethods.Amazoncomreceivedoneforits“one-click”onlinepaymentsysternMerrillLynchgotlegalprotectionforanassetallocationstrategy.Oneinvenlorpatentedatochniqueforlyingabox

　　Nowthenation’stoppatentcourtappearscompletelyreadytoscalehackonbusiness-methodpatents,whichhavebeencontroversiale,versincetheywerefirst

　　authorized10yearsagoInamovethathasintellectual-propertylawyersabuzztheU.ScourtofAppealsforthefederalctrcuitsalditwoulduseaparticularcasetoconductabroadreviewofbusiness-methodpatents.InreBijskl,asthecaseisknown,is“averybigdeal”，saysDermis'

DCrouchoftheUniversityofMissoun

　　Schooloflaw.It“hasthepotentialtoelinateanentireclassofpatmts”

Curbsonbusiness-methodclaimswouldbeadramaticabout-facebecauseitwasthefederalcircuititselfthatintroducedsuchpatentswithis1998decisionintheso-calledstateStreetBankcase,approvingapatentonawayofpoolingmutual-fundassets.Thatrulingproducedanexplosioninbusiness-methodpatentfilings,initiallybyemerginginternetcompaniestryingtostakeoutexclusivepinhtstospecifictypesofonlinetransactions.Later,moveestablishedcompaniesracedtoaddsuchpatentstotheirfiles,ifonlyasadefensivemoveagainstrivalsthatmightbentthemtothepunch.In2005,IBMnotedinacourtfilingthatithadbeenissuedmorethan300business-methodpatentsdespitethafactthatitquestionedthelegalbasisforgrantingthem.Similarly,someWallStreetinvestmentfilmsarmedthemselveswithpatentsforfinancialproducts,evenastheytookpositionsincourtcasesopposingthepractice。

　　TheBilskicaseinvolvesaclaimedpatentonamethodforhedgingriskintheenergymarket.TheFederalcircuitissuedanunusualorderstatingthatthecasewouldbeheardbyall12ofthecourt’sjudges,ratherthanatypicalpanelofthree,andthatoneissueitwantstoevalusteiswetheritshould“reconsider”itsstatestreetBankruling。

　　TheFederalCircuit’sactioncomesinthewakeofaseriesofrecentdecisionsbythesupreme.Countthathasnurrowedthescopeofprotectionsforpatentholders.LastApril,forexamplethejusticessignaledthattoomanypatentswerebeingupheldfor“inventions”thatareobvious.ThejudgesontheFederalcircuitare“reactiontotheanti_patenttrendatthesupremecourt”saysHaroleCwegner,apartendattorneyandprofessorataeorgeWashingtonUniversityLawSchool。

26.Business-methodpatentshaverecentlyarousedconcernbecauseof

　　[A]theirlimitedvaluetobusiness

　　[B]theirconnectionwithassetallocation

　　[C]thepossiblerestrictionontheirgranting

　　[D]thecontroversyoverauthorization

27.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheBilskicase?

　　[A]Itsrullingcomplieswiththecourtdecisions

　　[B]Itinvolvesaverybigbusinesstransaction

　　[C]IthasbeendismissedbytheFederalCircuit

　　[D]ItmaychangethelegalpracticesintheU.S。

28.Theword“about-face”（Line1,Paro3）mostprobablymeans

　　[A]lossofgoodwill

　　[B]increaseofhostility

　　[C]changeofattitude

　　[D]changeofauiuled

29.Welearnfromthelasttwopamgraphsthatbusiness-meihodPateats

　　[A]areimmunetolegalchallenges

　　[B]areoftenunnecessarilyissued

　　[C]lowertheesteemforpateatholders

　　[D]increasetheincidenceofrisks

30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethesubjectofthetext?

　　[A]Aloomingthreattobvamess-melhcdpatents

　　[B]Protectionforbusiness-methodpatentholders

　　[C]Alegalcaseregardingbusiness-methodpatents

　　[D]Aprevailingtreadagainstbusiness-methodpatents

　　Text3

　　InhisbookTheTippingPoinlMalcohnaladuellalouesthatsocialepidemicsaredliveninlargepartbytheactingofatinyminorityofspecialindividuals,oftencalledinfluentialswhoareunusuallinformed,persuasive,orweconnectTheideaisintuitivelycompellingbutitdoesn'

texplainhowideasactuallyspread。

　　Thesupposedimportanceofinftuentialsderivesfromaplansiblesoundingbutlargelyuntestedtheoryuntestedthelrycalledthe"

tow-stepflowofcommunication"

Informationllowsfromthemediatotheinftuentialsandfromthentoereryoneelse.Marketershaveembracedthetwo-stepflowbecameitsuggeststhatiftheycanjustfindandinfluencetheinfluentials,thoseselectpeoplewilldomostoftheorkforthemThetheoryalsoseemstoexplainthesuddenandunexpectedpopularityofpeoplewaswearingpromotingordevelopingwhaterveritisbeforeanyoneelsepaidattentionAnecdotalevidenceofthiskindfitsnicelywiththeideathatonlycertainspecialpeoplecalldrivetrends

　　IntheirrecentworkhoweyersomeresearchershavecomeupwiththefindingthatinfluentialshavefarlessimpactonsocialepidemicsthanisgenetallysupposedInfacttheydon’tseemtoberequiredofall

　　Theresearchers'

argumentstemsfromasimpleobserratingaboutsocialinfluencewiththeexceptionofafewcelebritieslikeOprahWinfrey-whoseoutsizepresenceisprimanrillyafunctionofmedianotinterpersonalinfluence-enenthemostinfluentialmembersofapopulationsimplydon'

tinteractwiththatmanyothersYetitispreciselythesenon-celebringinfluentialswhoaccordingtothetwo-step-flowtheoryaresupposedtodrivesocialenidemicsbyinflucencinytheirfriendsandcolleaguesdirectly.Forasocialepidemictooccurhowevereachpersonsosffectedmusttheninflucencehisorherownacquaintances,whomustinturninfluencetheirsandsoonandjusthowmanyotherspayattentiontoeachofthesepeoplehaslittletodowiththeinitialinfluential.Ifpeopleinthenetworkjusttwodegreesremovedfromtheinitialinfluentialproveresistantforexamplefromtheinitialinfluentialproveresistant,forexamplethecasecadeofchangewon'

tpropagateveryfaroraffectmanypeople。

　　Buildingonthebasictruthaboutinterpersonalinfluencetheresearchersstudiedthedynamicsofpopulationsmanipulatinganumberofvariablesrelatingofpopulationsmanipulatinganumberofvariablesrelatingtopeople’sabilifytoinfluenceothersandtheirtendencetobe

31.BycitingthebookTheTippingPointtheauthorintendsto

　　[A]analyzetheconsequencesofsocialepidemics

　　[B]discussinfluentials’funcitioninspreadingideas

　　[C]exemplifypeople’sintuitiveresponsetosocialepidemics

　　[D]describetheessentialcharacteristicsofinfluentials

32.Theauthorsuggeststhatthe“two-step-flowtheory”

　　[A]servesasasolutiontomarketingproblems

　　[B]hashelpedexplaincertainprevalenttrends

　　[C]haswonsupportfrominfluentials

　　[D]req