六级模拟题 第二套.docx

六级模拟题 第二套.docx

《六级模拟题 第二套.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《六级模拟题 第二套.docx（19页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

六级模拟题第二套

CollegeEnglishPracticeTest2（BandVI）

PartIWriting（30minutes）

Directions:

Inthissectionyouarerequiredtowriteacompositiononthetopic“ReduceWasteonCampus”.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow.

1.目前有些校园内浪费现象严重；

2.浪费的危害；

3.从我做起，杜绝浪费。

PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsontheAnswerSheet.

Forquestions1-4,mark

Y（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthe

passage;

N（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthe

passage;

NG（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions5-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

SomeNotesonGender-NeutralLanguage

General

Thepracticeofassigningmasculinegendertoneutraltermscomesfromthefactthateverylanguagereflectstheprejudicesofthesocietyinwhichitevolved,andEnglishevolvedthroughmostofitshistoryinamale-centered,patriarchalsociety.Likeanyotherlanguage,however,Englishisalwayschanging.Oneonlyhastoreadaloudsentencesfromthe19thcenturybooksassignedforthisclasstosensetheshiftsthathaveoccurredinthelast150years.Whenreaderspickupsomethingtoread,theyexpectdifferentconventionsdependingonthetimeinwhichthematerialwaswritten.Aswritersin1995,weneedtobenotonlyawareoftheconventionsthatourreadersmayexpect,butalsoconsciousoftheresponsesourwordsmayelicit.Inaddition,weneedtoknowhowtheshiftingnatureoflanguagecanmakecertainwordsawkwardormisleading.

"Man"

Manoncewasatrulygenericwordreferringtoallhumans,buthasgraduallynarrowedinmeaningtobecomeawordthatreferstoadultmalehumanbeings.Anglo-Saxonsusedthewordtorefertoallpeople.OneexampleofthisoccurswhenanAnglo-Saxonwriterreferstoaseventh-centuryEnglishprincessas"awonderfulman."ManparalleledtheLatinwordhomo,"amemberofthehumanspecies,"notvir,"anadultmaleofthespecies."TheOldEnglishwordforadultmalewaswaepmanandtheoldEnglishwordforadultwomanwaswifman.Inthecourseoftime,wifmanevolvedintotheword"woman.""Man"eventuallyceasedtobeusedtorefertoindividualwomenandreplacedwaepmanasaspecifictermdistinguishinganadultmalefromanadultfemale.Butmancontinuedtobeusedingeneralizationsaboutbothsexes.

Bythe18thcentury,themodern,narrowsenseofmanwasfirmlyestablishedasthepredominantone.WhenEdmundBurke,writingoftheFrenchRevolution,usedmenintheold,inclusiveway,hetookpainstospellouthismeaning:

"Suchadeplorablehavocismadeinthemindsofmen（bothsexes）inFrance...."ThomasJeffersondidnotmakethesamedistinctionindeclaringthat"allmenarecreatedequal"and"governmentsareinstitutedamongmen,derivingtheirjustpowersfromtheconsentofthegoverned."Inatimewhenwomen,havingnovote,couldneithergivenorwithholdconsent,Jeffersonhadtobeusingthewordmeninitsprincipalsenseof"males,"anditprobablyneveroccurredtohimthatanyonewouldthinkotherwise.Lookingatmoderndictionariesindicatethatthedefinitionthatlinks"man"withmalesisthepredominantone.Studiesofcollegestudentsandschoolchildrenindicatethatevenwhenthebroaddefinitionsof"man"and"men"aretaught,theytendtoconjureupimagesofmalepeopleonly.Wewouldneverusethesentence"Agirlgrowsuptobeaman,"becauseweassumethenarrowerdefinitionofthewordman.

ThePronounProblem

ThefirstgrammarsofmodernEnglishwerewritteninthe16thand17thcenturies.TheyweremainlyintendedtohelpboysfromupperclassfamiliesprepareforthestudyofLatin,alanguagemostscholarsconsideredsuperiortoEnglish.ThemaleauthorsoftheseearliestEnglishgrammarswroteformalereadersinanagewhenfewwomenwereliterate.Themasculine-genderpronouns（代词）didnotreflectabeliefthatmasculinepronounscouldrefertobothsexes.Thegrammarsofthisperiodcontainnoindicationthatmasculinepronounsweresex-inclusivewhenusedingeneralreferences.Insteadthesepronounsreflectedtherealityofmaleculturaldominanceandthemale-centeredworldviewthatresulted.

"He"startedtobeusedasagenericpronounbygrammarianswhoweretryingtochangealong-establishedtraditionofusing“they”asasingularpronoun.In1850anActofParliamentgaveofficialsanction（批准）totherecentlyinventedconceptofthe"generic"he.InthelanguageusedinactsofParliament,thenewlawsaid,"wordsimportingthemasculinegendershallbedeemedandtakentoincludefemales."AlthoughsimilarlanguageincontractsandotherlegaldocumentssubsequentlyhelpedreinforcethisgrammaticaledictinallEnglish-speakingcountries,itwasoftenconvenientlyignored.In1879,forexample,amovetoadmitfemalephysicianstotheall-maleMassachusettsMedicalSocietywaseffectivelyblockedonthegroundsthatthesociety'sby-lawsdescribingmembershipusedthepronounhe.

Justas"man"isnottrulygenericinthe1990s,"he"isnotatruegenericpronoun.Studieshaveconfirmedthatmostpeopleunderstand"he"torefertomenonly.Sentenceslike"Adoctorisabusyperson;hemustbeabletobalanceamillionobligationsatonce"implythatalldoctorsaremen.…Asaresultofthefactthat"he"isreadbymanyasamasculinepronoun,manypeople,especiallywomen,havecometofeelthatthegenericpronounsexcludeswomen.Thismeansthatmoreandmorepeoplefindtheuseofsuchapronounproblematic.

SolvingthePronounProblem

TheyasaSingular--Mostpeople,whenwritingandspeakinginformally,relyonsingulartheyasamatterofcourse:

"Ifyoulovesomeone,setthemfree"（Sting）.Ifyoupayattentiontoyourownspeech,you'llprobablycatchyourselfusingthesameconstructionyourself."It'senoughtodriveanyoneoutoftheirsenses"（GeorgeBernardShaw）."Ishouldn'tliketopunishanyone,evenifthey'ddonemewrong"（GeorgeEliot）.Somepeopleareannoyedbytheincorrectgrammarthatthissolutionnecessitates,butthisconstructionisusedmoreandmorefrequently.

HeorShe--Despitethechargeofclumsiness,double-pronounconstructionshavemadeacomeback:

"Tobeblackinthiscountryissimplytoopervasiveanexperienceforanywritertoomitfromherorhiswork,"wroteSamuelR.Delany.Overuseofthissolutioncanbeawkward,however.

Pluralizing--Awritercanoftenrecastmaterialintheplural.Forinstance,insteadof"Asheadvancesinhisprogram,themedicalstudenthasincreasingopportunitiesforclinicalwork,"try"Astheyadvanceintheirprogram,medicalstudentshaveincreasingopportunitiesforclinicalwork."

EliminatingPronouns--Avoidhavingtousepronounsatall;insteadof"afirstgradercanfeedanddresshimself,"youcouldwrite,"afirstgradercaneatandgetdressedwithoutassistance."

FurtherAlternatives--he/sheors/he,usingoneinsteadofhe,orusinganewgenericpronoun（thon,co,E,tey,hesh,hir）.

1.“Man”couldbeusedtorefertofemalehumanbeinginthepast.

2.In“allmenarecreatedequal”inDeclarationofIndependencebyThomasJefferson,theword“men”refertobothmalesandfemaleswhethertheyhavevoterightornot.

3.In1879,MassachusettsMedicalSocietyrefusedtoadmitmorethantenfemalephysiciansbecausethesociety'sby-lawsdescribingmembershipusedthepronounhe.

4.ThefirstgrammarsofmodernEnglishwerewritteninordertohelpboysfromtheupperclassprepareforthestudyofLatin.

5.“Man”paralleledtheLatinword“homo”whichmeans_____.

6.Studiesshowthatevenwhenstudentsaretaughtthebroaddefinitionof“man”and”men”,theythinkof_____.

7.Grammariansstartedtouse“he”asagenericpronounbecausetheyweretryingtochangeatraditionofusing“they”as_____.

8.Whenmostpeoplereadtheword“he”,theywouldunderstandittoreferto_____.

9.Althoughsomepeopleareannoyedby_____ofsingularthey,thisconstructionisusedmoreandmorefrequentlytosolvethepronounproblem.

10.Anotherwayofsolvingthepronounproblemistouse_____insteadofthesingular.

PartIIIListeningComprehension（35minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.

11.A）Theplaywasthefirsthe'dseen.

B）Theplaywasn'ttoobad.

C）Hehasn'tseentheplayyet.

D）Hewantstoseetheplayagain.

12.A）Itwillbefinishedontime.

B）Itisonlyopenduringtheday.

C）Somethinghashappenedtothebuilding.

D）Theworkersareabouttocompleteit.

13.A）Helostabuttonatwork.

B）Hedoesn'tknowwhereheputthecalculator.

C）Hethinkshebrokesomethingthewomanlenthim.

D）He'snotsurehowtosolvethemathproblem.

14.A）Theoldhousesshouldbeturnedintostores.

B）Thecityneedsevenmoremodernmodernization.

C）Thisshoppingcenterisquiteold.

D）Newshoppingcentersareverycommon.

15.A）Whetherthewomanknowshowtotype.

B）Whythewomanisinahurry.

C）Howmuchtypingthewomanneedsdone.

D）Whetherthewomanhasatypewriter.

16.A）Hegoesalongwiththewoman’ssuggestion.

B）Hecan’tdecidewhethertogoornot.

C