高三英语 主谓一致教案 新人教版.docx

高三英语 主谓一致教案 新人教版.docx

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高三英语主谓一致教案新人教版

2019-2020年高三英语主谓一致教案新人教版

高考试题常常会涉及到“主谓一致”。

使用主谓一致时，必须遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

下面就常见的主谓一致的用法做简单归纳，希望同学们能从中得到启发。

一、当单数可数名词、不可数名词、复合不定代词、单个不定式（疑问词＋不定式）、动名词或主语从句以及表示“时间、价值、重量、距离、书名、影片名称”等名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。

例如：

ThecurtainsareclosedandthelivingroomisdarkwhenMomandDadenter.

Visitingaplacelikethisisalwaysveryinteresting.

Whypleasantsmellsdonotreducepaininmenisaquestionstilltobeansweredbyscientists.

二、all（some,alot,plenty,any,part,therest,most等）＋of＋名词作主语以及分数、百分数构成短语作主语时，谓语动词单复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词。

表示复数概念用复数；表示单数概念用单数。

例如：

Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneedrepairing.

Onestudysaysthat90%ofourtimeisspentwatchingtelevisionorusingputers.

Whiletherestofthepassengersweregettingout,sheglancedatthefacesaroundher.

三、在“名词/代词＋介宾结构＋谓语＋…”结构中，谓语动词与名词/代词保持一致，介宾结构看作插入成分。

该结构中的常见介词及介词短语有with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,like,but,except,besides,including等。

例如：

Healthyeatingalongwithregularexerciseisprobablytheonlywaytobeefit.

NobodybutTomandhisfatherhaseverbeenthere.

四、anumberof/agroupof/avarietyof/atotalof等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；而thenumberof/thegroupof/thevarietyof/thetotalof等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

例如：

Thelownumberofattacksthathappeneveryyearprovesthatsharksdonotfeedonhumansiftheyhavethechoice.

Nowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythosefromthecountryside,workintheclothingindustry.

五、quality/pair/amount等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词根据quality/pair/amount的单复数确定。

例如：

Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.

Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alargequantityofdeserthascoveredtheland.

六、and连接并列主语表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式；表示不同概念时谓语动词用复数形式；此外，and连接并列名词时，如果名词前有no/each/every/manya等修饰时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。

例如：

—Didyougototheshowlastnight?

—Yeah.Everyboyandeverygirlintheareawasinvited.

ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture,butwhenandwherehasn’tbeendecidedyet.

七、当表示复数概念的名词或短语作主语以及表示总称意义“形单意复”的名词（如cattle/police/people等）和常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词（clothes/goods/shoes等）作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。

例如：

Trafficpolicearealwaysverybusy,especiallyatbusystreets.

八、oneof＋名词＋关系代词＋谓语时，谓语动词用复数；the（only）oneof＋名词＋关系代词＋谓语时，谓语动词用单数。

例如：

Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasbeenawinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.

［比较］OurEnglishteacherwasoneofthetopteacherswhowerepraisedbytheheadmaster.

九、主谓一致的其它考点：

1.either…or…；neither…nor…；notonly…butalso…；not…but…等连接主语时，谓语动词要就近选择。

如：

EitheryouorJimgoesthere.

2.therebe结构中，be动词后面有几个名词时，be动词跟最近的名词保持一致。

如：

Thereisonetableandtwodesksintheroom.

3.某些单词所表示的概念是由两部分组成的，作主语时谓语动词用复数；但如果与量词构成短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数则取决于量词。

如：

Thetrousersaretoolong.Thatpairoftrousersistoolong.

4.表示群岛、瀑布、山脉等以-s结尾的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；但如果表示孤立的山则用单数。

如：

MountTaiisgreat.

5.定冠词与形容词连用，用来表示一类人或物，作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

如：

Theyoungareplantingtrees.

6.population构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数；但被百分数或分数等数词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。

如：

Thepopulationofourtownisbiggerthanthatoftheirtown,butmostofthepopulationinourtownarefarmers.

7.oneandahalf＋复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；oneortwo＋复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；manya（n）＋单数名词及morethanone＋单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

而more＋复数名词＋than＋one作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

如：

Nowadaysmanyapersonwantstogoabroad.

Oneandahalfappleshasbeeneatenbytheboy.

8.集合名词作主语表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数；表示成员概念谓语动词用复数。

常见的集合名词有family/government/public/audience等。

如：

Myfamilyisabigfamily.

Myfamilyarefondofpopmusic.

9.单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常根据句意来确定。

常见的这类词有deer/fish/means/sheep/series等。

如：

Thequickestmeansoftravelingisbyair.

Therearevariousmeansofmunicatingwithastranger.

2019-2020年高三英语从句复习练习新人教版

ForPassage1（P30）:

1.Inthesixteenthcentury,botanywasabranchof_______.

A.biologyB.physicsC.astronomyD.medicine

2.Whichofthefollowingsentencesistrue?

A.Linnaeus’contributiontosciencewasquitesmall.

B.AllofLinnaeus’ideaswerepletelynew.

C.BeforeLinnaeustherewasnosystemtoclassifyplants.

D.Linnaeus’systemwassimpleandclear.

3.ThemembersoftheRoyalSocietyaboardtheEndeavourincluded_______.

A.JosephBanksandJamesCook

B.CarlLinnaeusandJosephBanks

C.JamesCookandDanielSolander

D.DanielSolanderandJosephBanks

4.JosephBanks’interestslayin_________.

A.astronomyandbotanyB.botanyandmedicine

C.agricultureandbotanyD.geographyandeconomy

5.What’sthemeaningof“appetite”inthethirdparagraph?

A.interestB.desireorwishC.opportunityD.agoodfoundation

6.Someeconomicspeciesplantssuchas____couldhelptodeveloplocaleconomies.

A.roseandpeonyB.teaandapple

C.cocoaandhempD.cocoaandlemon

7.Itwas____whomadeKewacentreofscientificandeconomicresearch.

A.JosephBanksB.CaptainCookC.LinnaeusD.DanielSolander

8.ParaOneofthetextmainlytellsus_____.

A.theimportanceofbotany

B.howtoclassifyplantspeciesintogroups

C.Linnaeus’contributiontobotany

D.Linnaeus’discoveriesaboutdifferentspecies

9.CaptainCookmade____voyagesaltogetheraroundtheworld.

A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four

10.Accordingtothepassage,whydidJosephBankshavetosupplyhisownmoneytoequippartoftheexpedition?

A.Becausehewasborninarichfamilyandhehadalotofmoney.

B.BecausetheEnglishgovernmentatthattimewaspoorandcouldn’tpletelyaffordsuchanexpedition.

C.BecausetheEnglishgovernmentdidn’tthinkbotanywasveryimportantatthattime.

D.BecausetheEnglishgovernmentdidn’twantJosephBankstodosuchathing.

11.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisthepossibleexplanationofthename“strawberry”?

A.Itcamefromamisunderstandingofaphraseofthelocallanguage.

B.Thestrawberryisakindofgrasswhosestemislikeastraw.

C.Whenpeopleplantstrawberry,theyspreadstrawunderthefruittoreducethenecessaryamountofthewatering.

D.BecauseJosephBankscalleditthat.

ForPassage2（P34）:

1.WhatledtohiswritingofthefamousbookOntheOriginofSpecies?

A.Thestudyofphysics,chemistry,andbotany.

B.Whathehadobservedonthevoyage.

C.HisexpeditionontheBeagletotheGalapagos.

2.WhythewildlifeoftheGalapagosIslesdeservedspecialattentionwasthat________.

A.therewereevendifferencesbetweenthespeciesofthedifferentislands

B.mostofthelifeformscouldbefoundnowhereelse

C.allthespeciesshowedaclearrelationshipwiththoseofAmerica

3.Thereasonforthedifferencesinthesizeofthebeaksisthat________.

A.thestructureofthebeakswasrelatedtothe13kindsoffinches

B.thebirdslivedindifferenthabitatsandondifferentsourceoffood

C.thedifferencesbetweenspeciesledtothedifferencesinthesizeofthebeaks

4.WhatwasthepurposeofMendel’sexperiments?

A.Hispurposewasbasedonhislovefornature.

B.Hispurposewastosupporttheideasconcerningtheinfluenceofenvironmentuponplants.

C.Hispurposewasbasedontheinfluenceofenvironmentuponplants.

5.LookingatwildplantspeciesinSweden,Turessondiscoveredthat______.

A.theenvironmentalconditionsinthehabitatinfluencedtheappearanceofspecies

B.ifplantschangedtheirhabitat,theyneverchangedtheirappearance

C.whenplantsweremovedtotheothertypeofhabitat,theywouldn’tadapttothenewenvironment

D.thechangeoftheenvironmenthadnothingtodowiththechangeofplants

6.Whatwasthebeliefofthescientistsofthenineteenthcentury？

A.Theinfluenceoftheenvironmentledtothedevelopmentofnewspecies.

B.Thedevelopmentofnewspecieslayintheinfluenceoftheenvironment.

C.Differentvarietiesofspeciesdependedondifferentenvironments.

宾语从句专练类型一：

引导词的运用

（1）Idon’tknow___________ornot.

A.whetherheisathomeB.ifheisathomeC.thatheisathomeD.whetherisheathome

（2）Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine.

A.whichB.whetherC.ifD.that

（3）Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin.

A.whichB.whereC.ifD.that

（4）Idon’tknow________Mr.Greenwilletoseeus.He’llhelpuswithourEnglish.

A.whyB.whenC.howD.where

（5）---Becareful!

Don’tbreakthebottles.Doyouhear______Isaid?

David?

---Yes,Mum

A.whatB.thatC.whyD.if

（6）---Doyouknow_______Mr.Black’saddressis?

---HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I’mnotsureof______.

A.where,whichB.where,whatC.what,whichD.what,where

（7）Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_____.

A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchoose

C.whichshouldIchooseD.whatIshouldchoose

（8）CanIspeakto_______isinchargeofInternationalSales,please?

A.anyoneB.nomatterwhoC.someoneD.whoever

（9）Actually,_______workshardcanbe______theywanttobe,whetheritisapilot,anengineeroramanager.

A.anyone,whoeverB.nomatterwho,whoever

C.whoever,nomatterwhatD.whoever,whatever

类型二：

宾语从句的语序——陈述句语序

（1）Didyoufindout______?

A.shewaslookingforwhosechildB.whosechildwasshelookingfor

C.whosechildsheislookingforD.whosechildshewaslookingfor

（2）Areyouinterestedin_____?

A.howdidhedoitB.hedidithowC.howhediditD.hehowdidit

（3）Idon’tknow_____.Canyoutellme?

A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayers

C.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare

（4）---Whatdidthescientistsay?

---Hesaidhewonderedif_____intospacebyspaceshiponeday.

A.hehadtoflyB.hecouldflyC.canheflyD.couldhefly

（5）Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme____?

A.W