职称英语考试理工类阅读理解精选.docx

职称英语考试理工类阅读理解精选.docx

《职称英语考试理工类阅读理解精选.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《职称英语考试理工类阅读理解精选.docx（27页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

职称英语考试理工类阅读理解精选

职称英语考试理工类常考的阅读理解精选

（1）

　　Inthelast500years,nothingaboutpeople---nottheirclothes,ideas,orlanguages---haschangedasmuchaswhattheyeat.TheoriginalchocolatedrinkwasmadeformtheseedsofthecocoatreebySouthAmericanIndians.TheSpanishintroducedittotherestoftheworldduringthe1500's.Andalthoughitwasveryexpensive,itquicklybecamefashionable.InLondonshopswherechocolatedrinkswereservedbecameimportantmeetingplaces.Somestillexisttoday.

　　ThepotatoisalsofromtheNewWorld.Around1600,theSpanishbroughtitfromPerutoEurope,whereitsoonwaswidelygrown.IrelandbecamesodependentonitthatthousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedwhenthecropfailedduringthe"PotatoFamine"of1845-6,andthousandsmorewereforcedtoemigratetoAmerica.

　　TherearemanyotherfoodsthathavetraveledfromsouthAmericatotheOldWorld.Butsomeotherswentintheoppositedirection.Brazilisnowtheworld'slargestgrowerofcoffee,andcoffeeisanimportantcropinColombiaandotherSouthAmericancountries.ButitisnativetoEthiopia.ItwasfirstmadeintoadrinkbyArabsduringthe1400's.

　　AccordingtoanArabiclegend,coffeewasdiscoveredwhenagoatherdnamedKaldinoticedthathisgoatswereattractedtotheredberriesonacoffeebush.Hetriedoneandexperiencedthe"wide-awake"feelingthatone-thirdoftheworld'spopulationnowstartsthedaywith.

　　1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghaschangedthemostinthelast500years?

　　A）Food.

　　B）Chocolate.

　　C）Potato.

　　D）Coffee

　　2."Some"in"Somestillexisttoday"means

　　A）somecocoatrees.

　　B）somechocolatedrinks.

　　C）someshops.

　　D）someSouthAmericanIndians.

　　3.ThousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedduringthe"PotatoFamine"because

　　A）theyweresodependentonthepotatothattheyrefusedtoeatanythingelse.

　　B）theywereforcedtoemigratetoAmerica.

　　C）theweatherconditionsinIrelandwerenotsuitableforgrowingthepotato.

　　D）thepotatoharvestwasbad.

　　4.Coffeeoriginallycamefrom

　　A）Brazil.

　　B）Colombia.

　　C）Ethiopia.

　　D）Arabia.

　　5.TheArabiclegendisusedtoprovethat

　　A）coffeewasfirstdiscoveredbyKaldi.

　　B）coffeewasfirstdiscoveredbyKaldi'sgoats.

　　C）coffeewasfirstdiscoveredinsouthAmericancountries.

　　D）coffeedrinkswerefirstmadebyArabs.

　　KEY:

ACDCD

职称英语考试理工类常考的阅读理解精选

（2）

　　One-roomschoolsarepartoftheUnitedStates,andthementionofthemmakespeoplefeelavaguelongingfor"thewaythingswere."One-roomschoolsareanendangeredspecies,however.Formorethanahundredyearsone-roomschoolshavebeensystematicallyshutdownandtheirstudentssentawaytocentralizedschools.Asrecentlyas1930therewere149,000one-roomschoolsintheUnitedStates.By1970therewere1,800.Today,ofthenearly800remainingone-roomschools,morethan350areinNebraska.Therestarescatteredthroughafewotherstatesthathaveontheirroadmapswide-spacesbetweentowns.

　　Nowthattherearehardlyanyleft,educatorsarebeginningtothinkthatmaybethereissomethingyettobelearnedformone-roomschools,somethingthatservedthepioneersthatmightserveaswelltoday.Progressiveeducatorshavecomeupwithprogressive-soundingnameslike"peer-groupteaching"and"multi-agegrouping"foreducationalproceduresthatoccurnaturallyintheone-roomschools.Inaone-roomschoolsthechildrenteacheachotherbecausetheteacherisbusypartoftheTimeteachingsomeoneelse.Afourthgradercanworkatafifth-gradelevelinmathandathird-gradelevelinEnglishwithoutthestigmaassociatedwithbeingleftbackorthepressuresofbeingskippedahead.Ayoungsterwithalearningdisabilitycanfindhisorherownlevelwithoutbeingseparatedfromtheotherpupils.Inlargerurbanandsuburbanschoolstoday,thisiscalled"mainstreaming".AfewhoursisasmallschoolthathasonlyoneclassroomanditbecomesclearwhysomanyparentsfeelthatoneoftheadvantagesoflivinginNebraskaintheirchildrenhavetogotoaone-roomschool.

　　1.Itisimpliedinthepassagethatmanyeducatorsandparentstodayfeelthatone-roomschools

　　A）needtobeshutdown.

　　B）arethebestinNebraska.

　　C）areagoodexampleofthegoodoldday.

　　D）providegoodeducation.

　　2.Whyareone-roomschoolsindangerofdisappearing?

　　A）Becausetheyallexistinonestate.

　　B）Becausetheyskiptoomanychildrenahead.

　　C）Becausethereisatrendtowardscentralization.

　　D）Becausethereisnofourth-gradelevelinanyofthem.

　　3.Whatismentionedasamajorcharacteristicoftheone-roomschoolinthesecondparagraph?

　　A）Somechildrenhavetobeleftback.

　　B）Teachersarealwaysbusy.

　　C）Pupilshavemorefreedom.

　　D）Learningisnotlimitedtoonegradelevelatatime.

　　4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor'stowardone-roomschools?

　　A）Praising.

　　B）Angry.

　　C）Critical.

　　D）Humorous.

　　5.ItcanbeinferredfromthelastsentencethatparentslivinginNebraska

　　A）don'tlikecentralizedschools.

　　B）receivededucationalinone-roomschools.

　　C）preferrurallifetourbanone.

　　D）comefromotherstates.

　　KEY:

DCDAA

职称英语考试理工类常考的阅读理解精选（3）

　　RecentlytheDepartmentofPlanningofNewYorkissuedareportwhichlaidbareafullscaleofthecity.In1970,18percentofthecity'spopulationwasforeign-born.By1995,thefigurehadrisento33percent,andanother20percentweretheUS-bornoffspringsofimmigrants.Soimmigrantsandtheirchildrennowformamajorityofthecity'spopulation.

　　WhoaretheseNewYorkers?

Whydotheycomehere?

Wherearetheyfrom?

（OK,timetodropthe"they".I'moneofthem）.Thelastquestionatleastiseasytoanswer:

wecomefromeverywhere.Inthelistofthetop20sourcenationsofthosesendingimmigrantstoNewYorkbetween1990and1994aresixcountriesinAsia,fiveintheCaribbean,fourinLatinAmerica,threeinEurope,plusIsraelandformerSovietUnion.Andwhenweimmigrantsgetherewerollupoursleeves."ifyou'renotreadytoworkwhenyougettoNewYork,"saysafriendofmine,"you'dbetterhittheroad."

　　ThemayorofNewYorkoncesaid,"ImmigrationcontinuestoshapetheuniquecharacteranddrivetheeconomicengineofNewYorkCity."HebelievesthatimmigrantsareattheheartofwhatmakesNewYorkgreat.InEurope,bycontrast,itismuchmorecommontohearpoliticiansworryaboutthelossof"unity"thatimmigrationbringstotheirsocieties.Inthequartercenturysince1970,theUnitedStatedadmittedabout125millionlegalimmigrants,andhasabsorbedthemintoitssocialstructureswithaneasebeyondtheimaginationofothernations.Sincetheseimmigrantsarepurposefulandhard-working,theywillhelpAmericatomakeafreshstartinthenextcentury.

　　1.ThereportissuedbytheDepartmentofPlanningofNewYork

　　A）putforwardwaystocontrolNewYork'spopulation.

　　B）concerneditselfwiththegrowthofNewYork'spopulation.

　　C）studiedthestructureofNewYork'spopulation.

　　D）suggestedwaystoincreaseNewYork'spopulation.

　　2.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,whichofthefollowingistrueoftheimmigrantsinNewYork?

　　A）OnecannotfindhisplaceinNewYorkunlessheisreadytowork.

　　B）TheyfoundlifeinNewYorkharderthanintheirowncountries.

　　C）Mostofthemhavedifficultyfindingjobs.

　　D）Onecanliveonwelfareifhedoesnotwanttowork.

　　3.ThemayorofNewYorkconsidersimmigrationtobe

　　A）abigprobleminthemanagementofthecity.

　　B）apushneededtodevelopthecity.

　　C）acauseofdisintegrationofthecity'ssocialstructure.

　　D）anobstacletothedevelopmentofthecity.

　　4.WherearethenewNewYorkersfrom?

　　A）Asia.

　　B）Europe.

　　C）Allovertheworld.

　　D）LatinAmerica.

　　5.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsimmigrationtoNewYork?

　　A）Negative.

　　B）Worried.

　　C）Indifferent

　　D）Positive.

　　Keys:

CABCD

职称英语考试理工类常考的阅读理解精选（4）

　　Inthemid1940's,theyoungambitiousduoRuthandElliotHandler,ownedacompanythatmadewoodenpicturesframes.Itwasin1945thatRuthandElliotHandlerjoinedwiththeirclosefriendHaroldMattsontoformacompanythatwouldbeknownforthemostfamousandsuccessfuldollevercreated.ThiscompanywouldbenamedMattel,MATTforMattson,andELforElliot.

　　Inthemid1950's,whilevisitingSwitzerland,RuthHandlerpurchasedaGermanLillidoll.Lilliwasashapely,prettyfashiondollfirstmadein1955.ShewasoriginallyfashionedafterafamouscartooncharacterintheWestGermanNewsletter,Build.

　　LilliisthedollthatwouldinspireRuthHandlertodesigntheBarbiedoll.WiththehelpofhertechniciansandengineersatMattel,Barbiewasborn.RuththenhiredCharlotteJohnson,afashiondesigner,tocreateBarbie'swardrobe.Itwasin1958thatthepatentforBarbiewasobtained.Thiswouldbeafashiondollunlikeanyofhertime.Shewouldbelonglimbed,shapely,beautiful,andonly11.5inchestall.RuthandElliotwouldnametheirnewfashiondollaftertheirowndaughter,Barbie.

　　In1959,theBarbiedollwouldmakeherwaytotheNewYorkToyShowandreceiveacoolreceptionfromthetoybuyers.

　　Barbiehasundergonealotofchangesovertheyearsandhasmanagedtokeepupwithcurrenttrendsinhairstyles,makeupandclothing.Sheisareflectionofthehistoryoffashionsinceherintroductiontothetoymarket.

　　Barbiehasauniversalappealandcollectorsbothyoungandoldenjoytimespentandmemoriesmadewiththeirdolls.

　　1.WhenRuthandElliotHandlerwasyoung,theyhadastrongdesire

　　A）togotoschool.

　　B）totakephotos.

　　C）tomakeframes.

　　D）tobehighlysuccessful.

　　2.WhoownedMattel?

　　A）Mattson.