CiscoWorks培训手册.docx
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CiscoWorks培训手册
CiscoWorks培训手册
一.概述
CiscoWorks是Cisco公司开发的网络管理工具,主要用于Cisco设备的管理,它包括多个管理模块,目前,我们只使用其中的几个,分别是:
⏹ CiscoView:
⏹ TrafficDirector:
⏹ CampusManager:
二.使用指导
⏹ CiscoWorks2000server
1. 概述
Ciscoworks2000是Cisco公司开发的网络管理工具,包括多个管理模块,而这些管理模块几乎全部以CiscoWorks2000Server为平台进行应用。
它并不具有网络管理的功能,只是为其他应用模块提供了一些管理服务。
2. 使用CiscoWorks2000Server
✧ 登录
填写相应的用户名及密码,点击“connect”,出现如下窗口:
✧ 配置CiscoWorks2000Server
Ø 设置用户账号
为了保证网管系统的安全性,CiscoWorks2000Server提供了一个多级用户权限管理系统,系统预先设置了两种用户:
guest——(nopasswordrequired,userrole=HelpDesk)
admin——(password=admin,userrole=superuser),该用户可以使用系统中所有的应用程序。
用户级别管理,见下表:
Level
Description
0
HelpDesk
1
Approver
2
NetworkOperator
4
NetworkAdministrator
5
SystemAdministrator
查看用户级别,点击:
CiscoWorks2000Server>Setup>Security>PermissionsReport
下面是不同级别用户的管理权限:
AllUsers
查看权限
Displayspredeterminedsetofapplications,tools,andproductfeatureseachuserrolecanaccess
CiscoWorks2000Server>Setup>Security>PermissionsReport
更改密码
Allowsuserstomodifytheiraccountpassword
CiscoWorks2000Server>Setup>Security>ModifyMyProfile
查看当前其他用户
DisplaysinformationaboutcurrentlyloggedinCiscoWorks2000usersandallowsuserstosendabroadcastmessagetoothers
CiscoWorks2000Server>Setup>Security>
WhoIsLoggedOn
AdminTasks
增加用户
CreatesanewuserandprovidesappropriateuseraccessleveltoCiscoWorks2000
CiscoWorks2000Server>Setup>Security>
AddUsers
删除用户
Removesuserfromlist
CiscoWorks2000Server>Setup>Security>Modify/DeleteUsers
修改用户
Allowsupdatestouserinformation,suchasemailaddress,loginname,password,andaccesslevel
CiscoWorks2000Server>Setup>Security>Modify/DeleteUsers
Ø 安装客户端程序管理
在本地安装一些应用程序,以提高系统性能,每当使用客户端的浏览器与Server端建立连接时,就可以选择是否安装ClientApplicationManager(CAM),或者点击菜单安装:
CiscoWorks2000Server>Setup>ClientManagerAdmin
✧ 管理CiscoWorks2000server
Ø 基本的管理工具
查看安装的软件包——CiscoWorks2000Server>Administration>PackageOptions
查看Log文件——CiscoWorks2000Server>Administration>LogFileStatus
Ø
✧ 数据管理
主要是定时做一些数据存储的工作
✧ back-end进程管理
CiscoWorks2000Serve使用back-end管理正在运行的程序,具体如下:
Startprocess——CiscoWorks2000Server>Administration>ProcessManagement>StartProcess
Stopprocess——CiscoWorks2000Server>Administration>ProcessManagement>StopProcess
Viewprocesses——CiscoWorks2000Server>Administration>ProcessManagement>ProcessStatus
Viewprocessfailures——CiscoWorks2000Server>Administration>
Diagnostics>ProcessFailures
✧ 管理JobsandResources
Cancelascheduledjob——CiscoWorks2000Server>Administration>
JobManagement,thenselectStopJob
Removeajob——CiscoWorks2000Server>Administration>
JobManagement,thenselectRemoveJob
Unlockanorphanedresource——CiscoWorks2000Server>Administration>
JobManagement,thenselectFreeResource
⏹ CiscoView
1.概述
CiscoView是一个基于SNMP的图形化设备管理工具,它可以提供对设备的实时查看,它采用client-server模式。
2.功能
✧ 设备前、后面板的图形显示,包括板卡、端口状态
✧ 对板卡、端口进行配置
✧ 实时查看设备运行状况,如端口利用率等等
✧ 提供Telnet等工具
3.使用指导
运行CiscoView之后,会看到如下几部分:
✧ SelectDevicedrop-downlistbox
显示、选取设备菜单
✧ GraphicalDevicedisplaywindow
图形化显示设备状况
✧ Telnet
✧ CCO——CiscoConnectionOnline(CCO)webpage
✧ CiscoSupport——OpenstheTACMailerdialogboxforsendingreportstotheCiscoTechnicalAssistanceCenter(TAC)group
✧ Preference——设备参数设置
✧ 设备配置
步骤:
第一步:
SelectDeviceManager>CiscoView
第二步:
输入一个设备的IP地址
第三步:
鼠标双击选中的设备,显示所需配置信息
第四步:
进行配置
⏹ TrafficDirector
1.概述
✧ 功能
用来监测、记录网络流量,帮助管理员进行流量分析的工具。
TrafficDirector的流量监控系统包括一个集中管理的控制台,以及分布在网络中的进行数据采集的代理(Agent),使用TrafficDirector,可以实现如下功能:
Ø 监测网络就两
Ø 设置流量阀值并且在流量达到阀值时告警
Ø 收集统计信息并纪录
Ø 对流量进行统计,并生成相应的图表以便查看
Ø 实时查看网络流量状况
✧协议
TrafficDirector是基于SNMP、RMON的网管工具,因此可以对不同厂家的设备构成的网络、不同拓扑结构的网络进行流量统计。
Ø SNMP(SimpleNetworkManagementProtocol)——标准的网络管理协议,它定义了网络控制台和代理之间如何进行通信,在我们这个系统中,代理通常是一台交换机、探针等。
这些设备收集的数据以供管理员进行统计、分析、监测,TrafficDirector支持SNMP和SNMPv2C
Ø RemoteMonitoring(RMON)ManagementInformationBase(MIB)——定义了网管代理提交那些信息给控制台
2.基本概念
在TrafficDirector的使用中,我们会涉及到一些概念:
✧Domains
✧Filters
✧Properties
✧AgentGroups
✧RovingAgents
✧TrapsandAlarms
✧TrendReports
3.TrafficDirector协议模型
如图:
上面是TrafficDirector的协议模型与OSI模型的关系
4.RMON简介
✧ 简介
Ø 全称:
RemoteNetworkMonitoring
Ø RMON是SNMPMIB的扩展
Ø RMON标准是由IETF制定
✧ RNONMIB设计目标
Ø 扩展SNMP的管理内容
Ø RMON探针支持离线操作
Ø 减少网络负载
✧ RMON的主要功能
Ø 对网段和设备进行监控
Ø 性能控制
——预防性网络管理
——侦察故障及网络趋势
——设备监控
Ø 故障管理
——发现问题
——实时监控网络异常现象
Ø 趋势分析
✧ RMON的局限性
Ø 信息只能抵达链路层
Ø 标准RMON只覆盖以太网和令牌环
Ø 缺乏广域网、ATM或其他高速网支持
✧ RMON2
RMON功能比较:
5.TrafficDirector应用程序介绍:
✧ TrafficModeApplications
实时显示网络链路层的流量状况,见下表:
ThisApplication
PerformsThisFunction
TrafficMonitor
收集、显示数据链路层的流量情况
SegmentZoom
Retrievesdata-linklayerstatistics,consolidatesthedata,anddisplaystheconsolidateddataingraphs.
SegmentDetails
ListsallRMON1statisticsandutilizationcalculationresults.
Textdisplay.
DomainHistory
Displaysandupdatesareal-timegraphofvariouscountersfromtheRMON1statisticsgroupandutilizationcalculationresults.Theperiodofhistoricalanalysispresentedbeginswhenyouinvokethisapplicationandendswhenyouexitfromthisapplication.
TopNTalkers
Displays,byphysical(MAC)address,themostactivehostsconnectedtothenetworksegmentbeingmonitoredbyaselectedagent(requiresthatthehostgroupbeenabledintheRMONdomain).
AllTalkers
Lists,byphysical(MAC)address,allhostsconnectedtothenetworksegmentbeingmonitoredbyaselectedagent(requiresthatthehostgroupbeenabledintheRMONdomain).
Short-TermHistory
Retrievesanddisplaysshort-termsnapshotsofRMON1statisticalcountersstoredinanagent'smemorybuffer.Establishingtheparametersoftheshort-termsnapshotisaTrafficDirectoradministrativefunction.
Long-TermHistory
Retrievesanddisplayslong-termsnapshotsofRMON1statisticalcountersstoredinanagent'smemorybuffer.Establishingtheparametersofthelong-termsnapshotisaTrafficDirectoradministrativefunction
AllConversations
Lists,byphysical(MAC)address,allhostpairsconnectedtothenetworksegmentbeingmonitoredbyaselectedagent(requiresthattheconversationsgroupbeenabledintheRMONdomain).
VLANMonitor
Displaysreal-timeactivityonindividualVLANsbypackets,octets,orprioritylevel
CustomHistory
Retrievesanddisplaysuser-definedMIBvariablesheldinSwitchProbememory
ATMMonitor
Displaysgraphical,real-timeATMnetworkperformanceinformation
✧ ProtocolModeApplications
实时显示网络层的流量状况,见下表
ThisApplication
PerformsThisFunction
ProtocolHistory
(perselectedprotocoldomain)
Displaysandupdatesareal-timegraphofvariousstatistics(packets,bytes,destinations,anderrors)andutilizationcalculationresultsforthenetworklayerofthenetworksegmentbeingmonitoredbyaselectedagent.Theperiodofhistoricalanalysispresentedbeginswhenyoustartthisapplicationandendswhenyouexit
TopNTalkers
(perselectedprotocoldomain)
Displaysnetwork-layerinformationofthemostactivehostsconnectedtothenetworksegmentbeingmonitoredbyaselectedagent(requiresthatthehostgroupbeenabledintheprotocoldomain)
AllTalkers
(hostsperselectedprotocoldomain)
Listsnetwork-layerinformationofallhostsconnectedtothenetworksegmentbeingmonitoredbyaselectedagent(requiresthatthehostgroupbeenabledintheprotocoldomain)
AllConversations
(perselectedprotocoldomain)
Listsnetwork-layerinformationofallhostpairsconnectedtothenetworksegmentbeingmonitoredbyaselectedagent(requiresthattheconversationsgroupbeenabledintheprotocoldomain).
ProtocolZoom(perselecteddomaingroup)
Retrievesnetwork-layer(protocol)statisticsandapplication-layerstatistics(childrenandgrandchildrenofprotocol)fromvariouscountersanddisplaysthedataingraphs
✧ ApplicationModeApplications
实时显示OSI模型中4—7层的流量状况,见下表:
ThisApplication
PerformsThisFunction
ApplicationMonitor
Retrievesanddisplaysapplication-layer(OSIlayersfourthroughseven)statisticsfromvariouscountersforthenetworksegmentbeingmonitoredbyaselectedagent
ApplicationHistory
Displaysandupdatesareal-timegraphofstatistics(packetsandbytes)andutilizationcalculationresultsfortheapplicationlayerofthenetworksegmentbeingmonitoredbyaselectedagent.Theperiodofhistoricalanalysispresentedbeginswhenyoustartthisapplicationandendswhenyouexit
ARTMonitor
Displaysapplicationresponsetimesonyournetwork,allowingyoutomonitorapplicationperformance
TopNTalkers
Displaysthemostactivehostsconnectedtothenetworksegmentbeingmonitoredbyaselectedagent(requiresthatthehostgroupbeenabledinthedomain).
AllTalkers
Listsallhostsconnectedtothenetworksegmentbeingmonitoredbyaselectedagent(requiresthatthehostgroupbeenabledinthedomain
AllConversations
Listsallhostpairsconnectedtothenetworksegmentbeingmonitoredbyaselectedagent(requiresthattheconversationsgroupbeenabledinthedomain).
TopNConversations
Displays,indescendingorder,themostactivepairsofhostsonanetworksegment
✧ Cross-ModeApplications
DataCapture
Allowsyoutoretrievespecificdataandstorethedatainafile.YoucanexaminethisfileatanytimeusingtheProtocolDecodeapplication
ProtocolDecode
Detailedexaminationofthedataretrie