专升本英语分类模拟69.docx

专升本英语分类模拟69.docx

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专升本英语分类模拟69

专升本英语分类模拟69

ReadingComprehension

Supposewebuiltarobot（机器人）toexploretheplanetMars.Weprovidetherobotwithseeing

detectorstokeepitawayfromdanger.Itispoweredentirelybythesun.Shouldweprogramtherobotto

beequallyactiveatalltimes?

No.Therobotwouldbeusingupenergyatatimewhenitwasnotreceivingany.Sowewouldprobablyprogramittoceaseitsactivityatnightandtowakeupatdawnthenextmorning.

Accordingtotheevolutionarytheoryofsleep,evolutionequippeduswitharegularpatternofsleeping

andwakingforthesamereason.Thetheorydoesnotdenythatsleepprovidessomeimportantrestorativefunctions.Itmerelysaysthatevolutionhasprogrammedustoperformthosefunctionsatatimewhenactivitywouldbeinefficientandpossiblydangerous.However,sleepprotectsusonlyfromthesortoftroublewemightwalkinto;itdoesnotprotectusfromtroublethatcomeslookingforus.Sowesleepwellwhenweareinafamiliar,safeplace,butwesleeplightly,ifatall,whenwefearthatbearswillnoseintothetent.

Theevolutionarytheoryaccountswellfordifferencesinsleepamongcreatures.Whydocats,forinstance,sleepsomuch,whilehorsessleepsolittle?

Surelycatsdonotneedfivetimesasmuchrepairandrestorationashorsesdo.Butcatscanaffordtohavelongperiodsofinactivitybecausetheyspendlittletimeeatingandareunlikelytobeattackedwhiletheysleep.Horsesmustspendalmostalltheirwakinghourseating,becausewhattheyeatisverylowinenergyvalue.Moreover,theycannotaffordtosleeptoolongortoodeeply,becausetheirsurvivaldependsontheirabilitytorunawayfromattackers.

1.Theauthorusestheexampleoftherobotinspaceexplorationtotellus.

A.thedifferencebetweenrobotsandmenB.thereasonwhymenneedtosleepC.abouttheneedforrobotstosavepower

D.aboutthedangerofmenworkingatnight

B

[解析]通过阅读文章可知作者通过引甠机器人探索太空的例子来说明机器人也需要休息来进行能

量补充，从而引出下面的话题，说明人类为什么需要睡眠，故选B。

2.Evolutionhasprogrammedmantosleepatnightchieflytohelphim.

A.maintainaregularpatternoflife

B.preventtroublethatcomeslookingforhim

C.avoiddangerandinefficientlabor

D.restorehisbodilyfunctions

C

[解析]根据文章第二段中：

Thetheorydoesnotdenythatsleepprovidessomeimportantrestorative

functions.Itmerelysaysthatevolutionhasprogrammedustoperformthosefunctionsatatimewhenactivitywouldbeinefficientandpossiblydangerous，可知人们在夜间休息主要是因为晚间活动效率低下，而且可能很危险。

故C正确。

3.Accordingtotheauthor,wecannotsleepwellwhenwe.

A.areworryingaboutoursafety

B.areoverworked

C.areinatent

D.areawayfromhome

A

[解析]文章第二段最后一句指出在一个熟悉、安全的地方我们能够睡得很好，但当担心会有野熊

袭击时就会睡得很轻，即当我们担心安全问题时就会睡不好。

故选A。

4.Catssleepmuchmorethanhorsesdopartlybecausecats.

A.needmoretimeforrestoration

B.areunlikelytobeattacked

C.aremoreactivethanhorseswhentheyareawake

D.spendlesstimeeatingtogetenoughenergy

D

[解析]根据文章第三段中Butcatscanaffordtohavelongperiodsofinactivitybecausetheyspendlittle

timeeatingandareunlikelytobeattackedwhiletheysleep.Horsesmustspendalmostalltheirwakinghourseating,becausewhattheyeatisverylowinenergyvalue，可知D为正确答案。

5.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Evolutionhasequippedallcreatureswitharegularpatternofsleepingandwaking.B.Thestudyofsleepisanimportantpartoftheevolutionarytheory.

C.Sleepingpatternsmustbetakenintoconsiderationinthedesigningofrobots.

D.Thesleepingpatternofalivingcreatureisdeterminedbythefooditeats.

A

[解析]通过理解全文可知文章主要讲了进化论使所有生物都有一个固定的休息和工作模式。

只有

A项描述与主旨贴近。

故选A。

"Congratulations,Mr.Jones,it'sagirl."

Fatherhoodisgoingtohaveadifferentmeaningandbringforthadifferentresponsefromeverymanwhohearsthesewords.Somefeelpridewhentheyreceivethenews,whileothersworry,wonderingwhethertheywillbegoodfathers.Althoughtherearesomemenwholikechildrenandmayhavehadconsiderableexperiencewiththem,othersdonotparticularlycareforchildrenandspendlittletimewiththem.Manyfathersandmothershavebeenplanningandlookingforwardtochildrenforsometime.For

othercouples,pregnancy（怀孕）Wasanaccidentthatbothhusbandandwifehaveacceptedwillinglyor

unwillingly.

Whateverthereactiontothebirthofachild,itisobviousthattheshiftfromtheroleofhusbandtothatoffatherisadifficulttask.Yet,unfortunately,fewattemptshavebeenmadetoeducatefathersinthisre-socializationprocess.AlthoughnumerousbookshavebeenwrittenaboutAmericanmothers,onlyrecentlyhasliteraturefocusedontheroleofafather.

Itisarguedbysomewritersthatthetransitiontothefather'srole,althoughdifficult,isnotnearlyasgreatasthetransitionthewifemustmaketothemother'srole.Themother'sroleseemstorequireacompletetransformationindailyroutineandhighlyinnovativeadaptation,ontheotherhand,thefather'sroleislessdemandingandimmediate.However,eventhoughwementionedthefactthatgrowingnumbersofwomenareworkingoutsidethehome,thefatherisstillthoughtbymanyasthebread-winnerinthehousehold.

6.Accordingtotheauthor,beingafather.

A.bringsafeelingofexcitementtosomemen

B.hasadifferentmeaningforthosewhohavedaughtersC.makessomemenfeelproudandothersuneasyD.meansnothingbutmoreresponsibilities

C

[解析]根据文章第一段中Somefeelpridewhentheyreceivethenews,whileothersworry,wondering

whethertheywillbegoodfathers，可知当知道自己快要成为父亲时，有些男人会感到很自豪，而有

些男人却会感到担忧、不自在，故C为正确答案。

7.Itisstatedinthepassagethat.

A.someparentsarenotpreparedtohaveachild

B.youngcouplesdonotlikechildrenatall

C.workingcouplesdonothavemuchtimetotakecareoftheirchildren

D.manyparentslookforwardtohavingaboyastheirfirstchild

A

[解析]根据文章第二段最后一句话Forothercouples,pregnancy（怀孕）wasanaccidentthatboth

husbandandwifehaveacceptedwillinglyorunwillingly，可知有些夫妇还没有做好生小孩的思想准

备，故A为正确答案。

8.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthor.

A.criticizesfathersfornottakingenoughresponsibilitiesinbringinguptheirchildrenB.excusestheAmericanwritersforignoringthedifficultiesofbeingafatherC.supportstheideathatthechiefroleofafatheristoearnmoneyforthefamily

D.complainsaboutthelackofsocialprogramstohelphusbandsadjustthemselvestobeingafather

A

[解析]文章第二段提到“Althoughtherearesomemenwholikechildrenandmayhavehad...spendlittle

timewiththem.”可知作者持批评态度，故选A。

9.Thetransitiontothemother'srolerequiresthatthewife.

A.changeherlifestyleinahighlyinnovativeway

B.makeacompletechangeinhereverydaylifetodealwiththenewsituation

C.stayathometotakecareofthebaby

D.helpherhusbandinhisre-socializationprocess

B

[解析]根据文章第四段中Themother'sroleseemstorequireacompletetransformationindailyroutine

andhighlyinnovativeadaptation，故选B。

10.Somewritersarguethatwithrespecttothechangeofroles,lathers,comparedwithmothers,.

A.havetoshouldermoreburdens

B.havetomakemoredifficultadaptations

C.haveaneasierjobtodo

D.canusuallydoabetterjob

C

[解析]根据文章最后一段第一句话Itisarguedbysomewritersthatthetransitiontothefather'srole,

althoughdifficult,isnotnearlyasgreatasthetransitionthewifemustmaketothemother'srole，可知与

母亲这一角色相比，父亲的工作相比较容易一些，故C为正确答案。

Underproperconditions,soundwaveswillbereflectedfromahillsideorothersuchobstruction.Soundtravelsattherateofaboutone-fifthofamilepersecond.Ifthehilliselevenhundredfeetaway,ittakestwosecondsforthesoundtotraveltothehillandback.Thus,bytimingtheintervalbetweenasoundanditsreflection（theecho）,youcanestimatethedistancetoanobstruction.

DuringWorldWarⅡtheBritishusedapracticalapplicationofthisprincipletodetectGermanplanes

ontheirwaytobombLondonlongbeforetheenemywasnearthetarget.Theyusedradiowavesinstead

ofsoundwaves,sinceradiowavescanpenetratefogandclouds.TheoutnumberedRoyalAirForce（RAF）alwaysseemedtothepuzzledGermanstobelyinginwaitattherighttimeandnevertobesurprised.ItwasradioechoesmorethananythingelsethatwontheBattleofBritain.

SincetheradiowaveswereusedtotellthedirectioninwhichtosendtheRAFplanesandthedistancetosendthem（theirrangeofflight,inotherwords）,thedevicewascalledradiodirectingandranging,andfromtheinitialsthewordradarwascoined.

11.Soundwavesreflectedfromahillcanbeusedtoestimatethe.

A.heightofthehillB.speedofsoundC.distancetothehillD.intensityofsound

C

[解析]文章第一段最后一句说通过对声音和回音之间的间隔进行计时，可以算出与障碍物之间的

距离，故选C。

12.Theestimateisbasedonthe.

A.directionofthehillB.acceptedspeedofsoundC.intervalbetweensoundandechoD.bothBandC

C

[解析]根据第一段最后一句话Thus,bytimingtheintervalbetweenasoundanditsreflection（theecho）,

youcanestimatethedistancetoanobstruction，可知C正确。

13.Practicalapplicationofthisprincipleresultedin.

A.newelectronicinstrumentsforplanesB.aradiodirectingandrangingdeviceC.newradiosetsforRAFbombers

D.anelectronicdetectingdevice

B

[解析]根据文章最后一句话thedevicewascalledradiodirectingandranging,andfromtheinitialsthe

wordradarwascoined，可知B正确。

14.RadarenabledtheEnglishto.

A.detectGermanplanesontheirwaytoLondonB.directtheoutnumberedRAFplaneseffectivelyC.confuseGermanbomberpilots

D.bothAandB

D

[解析]文章第二段提到在第二次世界大战中，英国人利甠无线电波可以侦查出德国飞机的位置，

而且那些数量占多数的皇家空军常常会对德军造成一定的困惑，第三段提到那些皇家空军是由那

些无线电波指控的。

故A项和B项都正确，所以选D。

15.TheBritishusedradiowavesbecausethey.

A.weremore,exactthansoundwaves

B.couldnotbe