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论危险驾驶罪毕业论文
ClassifiedIndex:
U.D.C.:
CODE:
10075
NO:
20100307
ADissertationfortheDegreeofJ.M
ResearchontheCrimeofDangerous
Driving
Candidate:
LiWeiwei
Supervisor:
Prof.FengHuimin
Prof.ShiQingshuang
AcademicDegreeAppliedfor:
JurisMaster
Specialty:
JurisMaster（Law）
University:
HebeiUniversity
DateofOralExamination:
June,2012
摘
摘
要
要
危险驾驶罪是《刑法修正案（八）》新增的罪名，具体是指在道路上驾驶机动车追
逐竞驶，情节恶劣的，或者在道路上醉酒驾驶机动车的行为。
危险驾驶行为具有严重社
会危害性，该行为入罪具有重要的现实意义，它解决了司法实践中的困境，也有利于实
现刑法的规制功能。
笔者在本文中对危险驾驶罪的构成要件进行了具体分析，它所侵犯
的客体是道路交通运输安全；客观方面表现为行为人在道路上驾驶机动车辆追逐竞驶，
且情节恶劣的行为，或者行为人在醉酒后在道路上驾驶机动车的行为；本罪的主体是一
般主体，即年满16周岁、具备刑事责任能力的自然人，同时限定为直接驾驶机动车辆
的人员；主观方面表现为故意，并且只能由间接故意构成，即行为人明知醉酒驾车或驾
车追逐竞驶可能发生危险，仍放任这种危险状态的发生。
危险驾驶罪与非罪的区分关键
是看本罪与一般违法行为的区别，危险驾驶罪是立法者基于法益前置性保护的考虑而设
立的一个罪名，也是交通肇事罪和以危险方法危害公共安全罪之间的一个过渡性罪名。
因此这三个罪名之间的关系和界限就理所当然的成为司法实践中必然面对和必须搞清
楚的问题。
虽然《刑法修正案（八）》将部分危险驾驶行为入罪已经是很大地进步了，
但作为一个新罪名仍然还有一些需要改进的方面，比如，危险驾驶行为的范围有待扩大；
其入罪标准也需要进一步细化；法定刑也应适当加重。
关键词
危险驾驶罪
犯罪构成
司法适用
立法完善
I
Abstract
Abstract
Thecrimeofdangerousdrivingisanewaccusationwhichwasaddedin"Corporal
punishmentamendment（eight）".Tospeakconcretelyisthatthefingercompetestodrivea
motorvehicleinaroad,circumstanceisverybad;ordrivingamotorvehicleindrunk.The
behaviorofDangerousdrivinghasgravesocietyharmfulness,puttingthiskindofbehavior
intocrimehasanimportantpracticalorimmediatesignificance,ithasresolvedthedifficulties
thatoccurinactualjudicialpractice,italsomakesafunctiontorealizingcorporal
punishment.Ianalysetheformationofthecrimeveryconcretelyintheessay,Theobjectthat
thecrimeinfringeuponishighwaytraffictransportssafety;Objectiveaspectbehaviouris
drivingindangerandcircumstanceisverybadordrivingamotorvehicleindrunk;Themain
bodyputtingtheblameonoriginallyisthegeneralmainbody,Be16annualfullyearsoflife,
thenaturalmenwhohavethecriminalcapacityforduties,Setalimittothepersonwhoisa
directdrivingmechanically-propelledvehicleatthesametime;Subjectiveaspectbehaviouris
deliberately,andcanonlybecomposedofindirectintent,thatthebehaviorpeopleisfully
awareofbeingdrunkofdrivingacarorcompetingtodrive,stillletthiscriticalconditiongo
unchecked.Thedifferenceofcrimeofdrivingindangerbeingputtingblameonornotisto
distinguishthiscrimefromgeneralillegalactivities.Thefrontisalreadymentioned,a
legislatorsetupthiscrime
owingtoprotectingthesocialbenefitsearlier,itisalsoa
transitionnatureaccusationbetweentrafficaccidentcrimeandcrimeofendangeringpublic
security.Thereforetherelationbetweenthisthreeaccusationscertainlybecomesaproblem
thatmustbeFaced
and
beatoutinactualjudicialpracticeinevitably.Though"corporal
punishmentamendment（eight）"putlameonthebehaveofdrivingindangerisalreadyvery
progressive,buttherearestillsomethingsneedtobepromoted,forinstance,therangeof
dangerousdrivingbehavior
remainstobeexpanded;Thestandard
ofputtingapersonwho
drivesindangerintoprisonalsoneedingtogoastepfurther;Legalpunishmentalsoneeds
aggravations.
Keyword
dangerousdrivingcrime
formation
judicialapplication
legislationperfect
II
目
目
录
录
引
言····································································································································1
第1章危险驾驶行为入罪的背景······················································································2
1.1危险驾驶行为入罪的原因··························································································2
1.1.1危险驾驶行为的严重社会危害性········································································2
1.1.2危险驾驶行为入罪符合民众的普遍要求····························································3
1.1.3国家有关机关的积极推动····················································································3
1.1.4危险驾驶行为入罪符合国际潮流········································································4
1.2危险驾驶罪的立法进程······························································································5
1.3危险驾驶行为入罪的重要意义···················································································6
1.3.1有效地弥补了刑事立法中的空缺········································································6
1.3.2解决了司法实践中的困境····················································································7
1.3.3有利于实现刑法的规制功能················································································8
第2章危险驾驶罪的构成要件分析···················································································9
2.1犯罪客体······················································································································9
2.2犯罪客观方面··············································································································9
2.2.1行为人必须在道路上驾驶机动车辆····································································9
2.2.2醉酒驾驶行为界定·····························································································10
2.2.3追逐竞驶行为界定·····························································································11
2.3犯罪主体····················································································································12
2.4犯罪主观方面············································································································13
2.4.1间接故意说·········································································································13
2.4.2过失说·················································································································13
2.4.3故意与过失并存说·····························································································14
2.4.4本文的观点·········································································································14
第3章危险驾驶罪的司法适用························································································17
3.1罪与非罪的界限········································································································17
III
目
录
3.2本罪与相关犯罪之间的界限····················································································19
3.2.1本罪与交通肇事罪的界限··················································································19
3.2.2本罪与以危险方法危害公共安全罪的界限······················································20
第4章危险驾驶罪的立法完善························································································22
4.1危险驾驶罪的立法不足····························································································22
4.1.1危险驾驶行为涵盖的范围过窄··········································································22
4.1.2“情节恶劣”没有明确的界定标准···································································22
4.1.3本罪的法定刑过轻·····························································································23
4.2完善危险驾驶罪的建议····························································································23
4.2.1进一步扩大危险驾驶行为的范围······································································23
4.2.2危险驾驶入罪标准的细化与完善······································································24
4.2.3危险驾驶罪的处罚力度需适当加强··································································25
结
论······························································································································28
参考文献······························································································································29
致
谢······························································································································31
IV
引
引
言
言
危险驾驶罪是2011年2月25日通过的《刑法修正案（八）》新增加的罪名。
具体
内容表述为：
在道路上驾驶机动车追逐竞驶，情节恶劣的，或者在道路上醉酒驾驶机动
车的，处拘役，并处罚金。
有前款行为，同时构成其他犯罪的，依照处罚较重的规定定
罪处罚。
危险驾驶行为入罪全面贯彻了立法的民主性原则。
随着我国全面建设小康社会
进程和城市化进程的加快，处于社会转型期的我国汽车拥有量也大幅度提高，酒后驾驶
行为和追逐竞驶行为引发的交通事故急剧增加已成为有目共睹的不争事实。
基于回应民
众严惩危险驾驶行为的呼声，满足民众对于惩处危险驾驶行为的迫切心理需求，加大对
严重危害人民群众安全行为的惩处力度，《刑法修正案（八）》增设了危险驾驶罪。
将危
险驾驶行为入罪是刑法加强民生保护的具体体现，对推动我国建设社会主义法治国家进
程起到重要作用。
国家出台这一危险驾驶罪名的根本目的就是减少进而杜绝社会现实中
出现的严重危害道路交通安全的危险驾驶现象。
通过将危险驾驶行为入刑，可以从刑法
的角度全面评价危险驾驶行为，从而充分发挥刑罚的警示和威慑作用，预防危险驾驶行
为的发生，充分保障民众的生命权、健康权和财产权。
作为新出台的罪名，怎样理解并准确适用是非常关键的也是非常值得探讨的，另外
鉴于是新罪名，其在立法上的不成熟性会给司法实践中的罪名认定和定罪量刑带来一些
困难，这也就需要对危险驾驶罪作出进一步的完善。
具体而言，危险驾驶罪的主观罪过
如何界定？
客观方面，对醉酒、追逐竞驶以及情节恶劣又应该如何理解？
如何区分危险
驾驶罪与其他罪的界限?
对这些问题的理解分歧在很大程度上影响着对危险驾驶罪的司
法认定，因此对于危险驾驶罪的研究有利于保证《刑法修正案（八）》的正确实施，促
进刑事立法的完善和发展，有利于增强刑罚的权威性和司法的公信力，建立科学、完备
的法律体系，并正确地指导司法实践。
1
河北大学法律硕士专业学位论文
第1章危险驾驶行为入罪的背景
近年来，醉酒驾驶和追逐竞驶两类驾驶行为已经给当今道路交通安全带来了极大
的隐患，它们严重的社会危害性已经成为社会公众关注的焦点，要求对醉驾和飙车行为
进行严厉惩治的呼声此起彼伏，国家机关在尊重民意的基础上及时将危险驾驶行为规定
为犯罪，并于2011年2月25日出台。
1.1危险驾驶行为入罪的原因
21世纪以来，我国汽车的数量大幅度增加，一方面为人们的出行带来了很大便利，
但另一方面随之而来的大量交通事故也成为威胁人民生命财产安全的可怕杀手。
2009
年8月以来，我国也加大了打击醉酒驾车的力度，我国道路交通安全亟需法律乃至刑法
的切实保护。
然而，在我国刑法中直接规定这方面的内容的仅有交通肇事罪，并且相关
条款规定在司法实践中还显出诸多不足，相关刑法规范亟待加以补充。
因此2011年2
月通过的《刑法修正案（八）》从切实维护交通安全，防患于未然出发，对驾车追逐竞
驶以及醉酒驾车这两种危险驾驶行为增设为新的犯罪加以整治防范，以图使这一问题在
一定程度上有所缓解。
具体而言，这次《刑法修正案（八）》将危险驾驶行为入罪的原
因主要有以下几个方面：
1.1.1危险驾驶行为的严重社会危害性
近年来，“危险驾驶”造成重大交通事故的现象非但屡禁不止，而且呈现愈演愈烈
之势，业已成为社会公害之一。
仅2009年1至8月份，全国就发生酒后和醉酒驾车肇
事多达3206起，共造成1302人死亡，其中，酒后驾车肇事2162起，造成893人死亡；
醉酒驾车肇事1044起，造成409人死亡。
①对于像醉酒、飙车等典型的危险驾驶行为所
造成重大交通事故更是比比皆是，如成都孙伟铭案、广州黎景全案、南京张明宝案、杭
州胡斌案、保定李启铭案等。
以上这些案件都造成了一人乃至多人死亡的严重后果，充
分说明了醉酒、追逐竞驶等危险驾驶行为严重威胁着公众的人身以及财产安全。
这里列
举的只是最终造成了人员伤亡的重大案件，对于一些情节恶劣却没有发生危害后果的醉
酒、追逐竞驶却只能以道路安全法或治安管理处罚法进行规制，行政制裁惩罚力度明显
①
公安部交通管理局.2009年全国道路交通事故情况.2010年1月11日.
2
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