精编高中英语语法知识定语从句的用法真题练习及解析.docx

精编高中英语语法知识定语从句的用法真题练习及解析.docx

《精编高中英语语法知识定语从句的用法真题练习及解析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《精编高中英语语法知识定语从句的用法真题练习及解析.docx（60页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

精编高中英语语法知识定语从句的用法真题练习及解析

精编高中英语语法知识

定语从句的用法

讲解与专项练习汇总大全

第1讲关系词的选择技巧

考点1.相关概念基础过关

1.用合适的关系词完成句子。

1Theman/washereyesterdayisapainter.

2Theman///Isawiscalled

Smith.

3Achildparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.

4I’dlikearoomwindowlooksoutoverthesea.

5Aletter/iswritteninpencilishardtoread.

6Theletter//Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.

7Thatistheboy///youarelookingfor.

8Doyouknowthereasonhewaslateforthemeeting？

9ThisistheschoolIusedtostudy.

10Istillrememberthedaywemetforthefirsttime.

考点2.关系词的选择技巧

A.选用哪个关系词，关键是看关系词在定．语．从．句．中作什么成分

含有定语从句的复合句可以分为两部分：

主句和从句。

关系词是定语从句的一个成分。

选用关系词，要看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分，而不是看先行词是什么词性。

1HeworkedinthefactorywhichproducesTVsets.

2Heworkedinthefactorywherehisfatherhadworked.

3Iliketheschoolwhichisneartomyhome.

4Iliketheschoolwheremysisterstudies.

在句①和句②中，先行词前都有in,但关系词有用which

也有用where的；

在句③和句④中，先行词都是theschool,但关系词有用

which也有用where的。

因此，我们可以看出，对关系词起决定性作用的并不是先行词。

在句①和句③中，关系词在定语从句中都是作主语，因此用的都是关系代词which；

在句②和句④中，关系词在定语从句中都是作状语，因此都是用关系副词where。

我们可以看出，用．哪．个．关．系．词．，．主．要．看．关．系．词．在．定．语．从．句．

中．作．什．么．成．分．。

例如：

1ThisistheschoolIoncestudied.

2Thisistheschoolisthemostfamousinthecity.

English.

B.关系词一般要位于定语从句的句首

【2009江西】ThehouseIgrewuphasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.

A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhich

答案与分析：

A没有关系词，不能连接两句话；C介词后不能用that；D关系词一般不位于句末；而B可以看作是关系代词作宾语、放在句首并且省略了。

因此选B。

1.Isthisthereasonheexplainedatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?

A.thatB.whatC.howD.why

2.Isthisthereasonhewassocarelessinhiswork?

A.thatB.whatC.howD.why

3.Thereasonhedidn’tcomewashewasill.

A.why;thatB.that;why

C.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what

4.Helivesinavillageisnotfarfromthecity.

A.whichB.whereC.whatD.whose

5.Helivesinthevillagehewasborn.

A.whichB.whereC.whatD.whose

6.Inanhour,wetraveltoplacescouldhavetakenourancestorsdaystoreach.

A.whereB.whenC.whichD.what

7.Inanhour,wetraveltoplaceswecanrelaxandgetrefreshed.

A.whereB.whenC.whichD.what

8.I’llneverforgetthedayswespenttogether.

A.thatB./C.whenD.AandB

9.【2014湖南】Iamlookingforwardtothedaymydaughtercanreadthisbookandknowmyfeelingsforher.

A.asB.whyC.whenD.where

10.Ifwewanttohaveabrightfuture,wemustlearntoactinwaysdonotdoharmtootherlivingthings.

A.inwhichB./C.howD.that

11.IsthisthefactorycolorTVsetsareproduced?

A.whenB.theonewhere

C.thatD.inwhich

12.IsthisfactorycolorTVsetsareproduced?

A.whichB.theonewhere

C.thatD.inwhich

13.ThisisthefactoryproducescolorTVsets.

A.whereB.theonewhere

C.thatD.inwhich

14.【2010天津】—CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?

—Youshouldtrythebarber’sIgo.It’sonly15.

A.asB.whichC.whereD.that

15.【2011陕西】Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.

A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that

16.【2011福建】Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents______allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.

A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who

3Iamstudyingataschool

myfatherteaches

17.【2012江西】By16:

30,wasalmostclosingtime,

nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.

A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that

18.【2013山东】Finallyhereachedalonelyislandwascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.

A.whenB.where

C.whichD.whom

I.单句改错

1.【2010重庆】Firstly,afriendissomeoneyoucanshareyoursecrets.

2.【2010重庆】Afterhearingyoursadstories,hewillsaysomewordsthatisniceandwarm.

3.【2006江西】Ireadyoure-mailtoqq329950885myparentsandshowedthemthephotoyousentittome.

4.Ioftenthinkofthedayswhenwespentontheislandtogether.

5.Thisisthemuseumwhereyouvisitedtheotherday.

6.HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai,whereIlefttenyearsago?

II.语法填空（每空至多填三词）

7.【2014新课标Ⅰ】Maybeyouhaveahabitisdrivingyourfamilycrazy.

8.【2014广东】Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeachwewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.

9.【2014湖南】Peopleshouldnotdothingswilldisturbtheirneighborsunnecessarily.

10.【2014安徽】TheexactyearAngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.

11.【2015课标Ⅰ】I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiverarepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinesepaintings.

12.【2015广东】Whenharvestcamearound,hewasalreadysellingherbs,vegetablesandcottoninthemarketpeoplefromthetownmetregularly.

第2讲只能用that不能用which的情况

考点1.先行词是anything,something,nothing,everything

等不定代词时

1.Heneverreadsanythingisnotworthreading.

A.whichB.asC.whoD.that

2.【2010全国2】Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething

wassomeoneelse’sfault.

11.It’sthethirdtimelatethismonth.

A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrived

C.thatyou’vearrivedD.whenyou’vearrived

考点4.先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词用

that

12.We’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianistwereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.

A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that

A.whoB.thatC.asD.what

考点2.先行词是all,much，little,none或先行词被all,much,

13.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons

rememberedintheschool.

A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what

they

little,no,any修饰时

3.Thereisnotmuchcanbedone.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how

4.Thereisnodifficultycan’tbeovercomeintheworld.

A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what

5.【2014陕西】Pleasesendusalltheinformationyouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.

A.thatB.whichC.asD.what

6.Youcantakeanyseatisfree.

A.thatB./C.whichD.it

考点3.先行词被最高级、序数词以及thefirst,thelast,thevery,theonly,thesame修饰时

7.ThemostimportantthingweshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthingIhavesaid.

A.which;thatB.that;which

C.which;whichD.that;that

8.Mywatchisnottheonlythingismissing.

A.thatB.itC.whichwho

9.ThisistheveryfilmI’velongwishedtosee.

A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom

10.ThisisthelasttimeIshallcomeheretohelpyou.

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what

考点5.关系代词在从句中作表语或therebe结构中的实意主语时,that可指人或物，且通常省略

（概括为：

在从句中位于be后。

此条仅作了解）

Hestilltalksliketheman（that）hewastenyearsago.

他谈起话来仍像十年前一样。

Thetrainisthefastesttrain（that）therehaseverbeen.

这列火车是有史以来最快的火车。

14.Sheisnolongerthesweetgirlsheusedtobe.

A.whatB.whoC.whenD.that

考点6.当先行词前面有which，who等疑问代词时，为避免重复，用关系代词that

同理，当先行词是that,those时，常用关系代词which或

who。

如：

What’sthatwhichisunderthedesk？

在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？

WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?

15.WhoisthepersonisstandingatthegateofBeijing

TourismTower?

A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom

16.Whohascommonsensewilldosuchathing?

A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that

17.Those

willsucceed.

notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpractice

3.Alltheappleswhichfelldownwereeatenbythepigs.

A.learnB.whoC.thatlearnsD.wholearn

考点7.注意：

关系副词不受这些规则的影响只是在选用关系代词时才使用这些规则。

如：

18.【2010福建】StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetlifehasdevelopedgradually.

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose

19.Thisisthesamehousehergrandfatherwasborn.

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose

I.单句改错

1.Isthereanythingwhichbelongstoyou?

2.Boththegirlandherdogwhichwerecrossingthestreetwerehitbyacomingcar.

II.语法填空（每空至多填三词）

4.Thesepeopleoncehadfameandfortune;nowallislefttothemisutterpoverty.

5.Ilikethesecondfootballmatchwasheldlastweek.that

III.写作技能提升

6.【2010湖北】母亲对我所做的一切如此自豪，她奖赏我去北京旅游一趟。

（soproudof,all,reward,trip）

7.这个就是我一直在寻找的那本书。

（theverybook）

8.【2004上海】我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。

（…it…,cooperate,stickto）

9.在那边扫地的那个女的是谁？

（Who,sweepthefloor）

10.她已不再是过去的她。

11.如果有你一个人不能克服的困难，你可以向你的父母或朋友求助。

（anydifficulty,overcome,turnto

第3讲其他有关关系代词选择的规则

考点1.只用which,who,whom不用that的情况

A.关系代词直接放在介词后面时，要用which，不用that；要用whom，不用who。

1.【2011湖南】JuliewasgoodatGerman,Frenchand

Russian,allofshespokefluently.

A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that

2.【2008湖南】Thegrowingqq329950885speedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,arebeyondourcontrol.

A.mostofthemB.mostofwhich

C.mostofwhatD.mostofthat

3.Thisisthemuseumwesawanexhibitiontheotherday.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat

4.【2012上海】Haveyousentthank-younotestotherelativesfromyoureceivedgifts?

A.whichB.themC.thatD.whom

B.引导非限制性定语从句时，要用which,who,whom,不用that，也不能省略。

（参看P6第6讲）

5.【2010全国1】Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,

isnamedafterhisgrandfather.

A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that

6.【2012全国Ⅱ】Thatevening,Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when

考点2.whose可指人也可指物

若指物，它还可以同ofwhich互换;若指人，一般不与

ofwhom互换

1.Helivesinahouse.Itswindowfacessouth.

→Helivesinahousewhosewindowfacessouth.

Helivesinahouse.Thewindowofitfacessouth.

→Helivesinahouse,thewindowofwhichfacessouth.

→Helivesinahouse,ofwhichthewindowfacessouth.

2.Heisthefarmer.HissonisstudyinginQinghua

University.

由于我们一般说hisson，不说thesonofhim,因此我们只能说:

HeisthefarmerwhosesonisstudyinginQinghua

University.

而不能说：

Heisthefarmer,thesonofwhomisstudyingin

QinghuaUniversity.

7.Isawsometreestheleaveswereblackwithdisease.

A.whereB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.whose

8.【2010陕西】Theoldtemple,roofwasdamagedinstorm,isnowunderrepair.

A.whereB.whichC.itsD.whose

9.【2014山东】Acompanyprofitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.

A.whichB.whoseC.whoD.why

10.【2013福建】Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthoseliveswereaffected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which

考点3.当先行词为one,ones,anyone,everyone,none,all（指人）时，关系代词常用who

Anyonewhoisagainstusisourenemy.

任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。

Allwhoheardthestorywereamazed.

所有听到这个故事的人都很惊讶。

考点4.what不能作关系代词；one作同位语

11.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,Iwillalwaystreasure.

A.thatB.oneC.itD.what

12.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,hewantedtobe.

A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which

13.ForTimthiswasthebeginningofanewlife,hethoughthewouldneversee.

3.MissSmithisastrictbutgoodteacher,caresaboutourlifeandstudyatschool.

whooften

A.whatB.thatC.oneD.it

14.【2010山东】Helpingothersisahabit,youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.

A.itB.thatC.whatD.one

I.单句改错

1.【2013海南/新课标Ⅱ】Havingteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner,thatmightnotbeserveduntil8o’clockatnight.

2.Sheshowedmethedictionary,onthatshespentmostofhermoney.

II.语法填空（每空至多填三词）

4.【2009安徽】Manychildren,parentsareawayworkinginbigcities，aretaken