浙江省余姚市高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解训练一.docx

浙江省余姚市高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解训练一.docx

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浙江省余姚市高考英语一轮复习阅读理解训练一

余姚市（浙江）2020高考英语一轮阅读理解训练

（一）及参考答案

阅读理解。

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

Aschildrenreachkindergartenandearlygrade-schoolage,theycontinuetobecomeincreasinglymoreawareofthewiderworldbeyondhome,schoolandtheirneighborhood.Ifyouhaven’talreadydoneso,thiscanbeanexcellenttimetoteachyourchildabouttheenvironment,andhowyoucanworktogethertogogreenasafamily.Ifyou’vealreadyintroducedsomeeco-friendlyhabitsinyourhome,herearesomewaysyourgrowingchildcancontributemoretothegreeningofhisworldandbeyond.

My7-year-oldsondiscoveredamagazinecoveronthetablethatfeaturedacoverlineaboutpolarbearsbeingendangeredbecauseofglobalwarming.Idecidedtobestraightwithhim—Isaidyes,thereisadangertopolarbearsandotherwildlifebecauseofpollution.ButItoldhimthatwecanalldosomethingtogogreenandhelpmakeadifference,andperhapshelpthepolarbearsandalllivingthingsonourplanet.

Mygrandmotherswereimmigrants（移民）wholivedthroughwarsinSouthKorea.Theyusedtoconstantlyremindmetoturnoffthelights,andevennottousetoomuchtoiletpaper.Asitturnsout,theseweregreatlessons.Haveyourchildgetintothehabitofturningofflightsandelectronicequipmentwhenhe’snotusingthem.Anicebonus（意外收获）:

reducingelectricityusecanhelpcutdownyourbills.Agrade-schoolerisoldenoughtounderstandthatwatercomesfromlakesandpools.Explainthatwastingitcanaffecteveryonewhodependsonthatwater.Wastingwateralsomeanswastingenergy.Atapthatrunsforfiveminutesisequaltolettinga60-wattbulbrunfor14hours,accordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.

Makeiteasierforyourgrade-schoolertogogreenbychoosingdifferentbasketsforglass,metal,paper,andplastic.Haveyourchilddrawpicturesofrecyclabletypestomarkeachbasket.Onceaseasonormore,haveyourchildhelpyoulookforusedclothing,books,toysandotherthingsaroundthehousetogiveawaytolocalshelters（避难所）.

【文章大意】本文作者以自己的亲身经历告诉其他母亲应该如何在生活中帮助孩子变得更有环保意识,让他们从小就有保护环境的观念。

1.Theunderlinedword“contribute”inParagraph1means　　　.

A.buy　　　B.use　　　C.give　　　D.find

【解析】选C。

词义猜测题。

由于本句里的introduced说明如果你已经介绍给孩子一些环保习惯了,而且在接下来的三个段落中作者本人又给出一些关于绿色生活的建议。

所以这里的contribute的意思是“给出”。

2.Whatmakespolarbearsindangeraccordingtothepassage?

A.Theglobalwarmingatpresentandinfuture.

B.Thepollutionoftheairindevelopedcountries.

C.Thelossoftheforestallovertheworldatpresent.

D.Thehuntforthembypeoplefromacrosstheworld.

【解析】选A。

细节理解题。

第二段第一句里的beingendangeredbecauseofglobalwarming是本题的解题线索。

需注意的是B选项,虽然第二段说到了污染危及一些野生动物的生存,但并不是针对空气污染而言,所以不能选B。

3.Whatdoestheauthorlearnfromhergrandmothers?

A.Makepeacewithanyothercountry.

B.Notmovingtootherforeigncountries.

C.Turnoffthelightsandthewatertogogreen.

D.Liveasimplelifewithoutspendingtoomuch.

【解析】选C。

推理判断题。

第三段作者提到了自己的祖母和外祖母经历过战争后尤其重视节省,本段的第二句话是解题线索,第三、四句是作者的体会和经验,第五句开始给出了自己也身体力行的理由,所以答案选C。

但是注意D项虽然不错,但是和第二句作者的祖母和外祖母的要求相比,没有确切说明为了环保而做的具体措施,所以不能选。

4.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.WaystoHelpYourChildMakeMoney.

B.WaystoHelpYourChildGoGreen.

C.SettingupaRecyclingCentreforYourHouse.

D.SettingupEco-friendlyHabitsIsNecessary.

【解析】选B。

主旨大意题。

首先要明确这篇文章的作者是一个母亲,她在以自己的经历告诉别的母亲应该帮助自己的孩子更环保,所以选项里的关键词是child和green。

【技法导练】多学一点　棋高一着

阅读理解——“圈点信息”的细节理解题

细节理解,就是在原文中能找到的信息,可以采用“圈点信息”法,把涉及的信息“圈点”出来,以便分析利用。

做细节理解题时,可使用如下方法:

1.细心审题,带问题“圈”答案。

先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼）,然后以此为线索,运用略读及跳读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句,仔细品味,对照比较,确定答案。

2.变通理解,间接转述“圈”答案。

高考设题常对原句细微处进行改动,选取原文词语或结构进行改造,因果倒置,把A的观点说成B的观点等。

所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。

3.多点归纳,综合事实“圈”答案。

全面捕捉相关信息,进行综合分析、归纳,切忌根据“一面之词”草率地得出结论。

上篇文章中的第2题为细节理解题。

审题发现此题要求寻找______________,这样带着这个问题去原文中“圈点信息”就可以发现“________”为原因,由此可以找到答案。

答案:

造成北极熊濒临危险的原因全球变暖

社会文化（阅读理解）由（2020天津,D）改编

Youaregivenmanyopportunitiesinlifetochoosetobeavictimoracreator.Whenyouchoosetobeavictim,theworldisacoldanddifficultplace.“They”didthingstoyouwhichcausedallofyourpainandsuffering.“They”arewrongandbad,andlifeisterribleaslongas“they”arearound.Oryoumayblameyourselfforallyourproblems,thusinternalizing（内化）yourvictimization.Thetruthis,yourlifeislikelytostaythatwayaslongasyoufeelaneedtoblameyourselforothers.

Thosewhochoosetobecreatorslookatlifequitedifferently.Theyknowthereareindividualswhomightliketocontroltheirlives,buttheydon’tletthisgetintheway.Theyknowtheyhavetheirweaknesses,yettheydon’tblamethemselveswhentheyfail.Whateverhappens,theyhavechoiceinthematter.Theybelievetheirdancewitheachsacred（神圣的）momentoflifeisagiftandthatstormsareanaturalpartoflifewhichcanbringtherainneededforemotionalandspiritualgrowth.

Victimsandcreatorsliveinthesamephysicalworldanddealwithmanyofthesamephysicalrealities,yettheirexperienceoflifeisworldsapart.Victimsrelish（沉溺）inanger,guilt,andotheremotionsthatcauseothers—andeventhemselves—tofeellikevictims,too.Creatorsconsciouslychooselove,inspiration,andotherqualitieswhichinspirenotonlythemselves,butallaroundthem.Bothvictimsandcreatorsalwayshavechoicetodeterminethedirectionoftheirlives.

Inreality,allofusplaythevictimorthecreatoratvariouspointsinourlives.Oneperson,onlosingajoboraspecialrelationship,mayfeelasifitistheendoftheworldandsinkintoterriblesufferingformonths,years,orevenalifetime.Anotherwiththesameexperiencemaychoosetofirstexperiencethegrief,thenacceptthelossandsoonmoveontobeapowerfulcreativeforceinhislife.

Ineverymomentandeverycircumstance,youcanchoosetohaveafuller,richerlifebysettingaclearintentiontotransformthevictimwithin,andbyinvitingintoyourlifethepowerfulcreatorthatyouare.

1.Whatdoestheword“they”inParagraph1probablyreferto?

（　　）

A.Peopleandthingsaroundyou.

B.Opportunitiesandproblems.

C.Creatorsandtheirchoices.

D.Victimsandtheirsufferings.

2.AccordingtoParagraph2,creators　　　.

A.seemwillingtoexperiencefailuresinlife

B.possesstheabilitytopredictfuturelife

C.handleupsanddownsoflifewisely

D.havepotentialtocreatesomethingnew

3.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?

（　　）

A.Creatorsandvictimsfacequitedifferentthingsinlife.

B.Creatorsandvictimsaremastersoftheirlives.

C.Victimscaninfluencemorepeoplethancreators.

D.Comparedwithvictims,creatorsaremoreemotional.

4.TheexamplesmentionedinParagraph4showthat　　　.

A.strongattachmenttosufferingsinlifepullspeopleintovictims

B.peopleneedfamilysupporttodealwithchallengesinlife

C.ittakescreatorsquitealongtimetogetridoftheirpains

D.one’sexperiencesdeterminehisattitudetowardlife

5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?

（　　）

A.Todefinevictimsandcreators.

B.Toevaluatevictimsagainstcreators.

C.Toexplaintherelationshipbetweenvictimsandcreators.

D.Tosuggestthetransformationfromvictimstocreators.

　　语篇解读:

本文为议论文,题材为社会文化类。

生活不是一帆风顺的,你会无数次地面对究竟作生活的牺牲品还是创造者的抉择。

生活的牺牲者沉溺于愤怒、愧疚之中,而生活的创造者会选择截然不同的生活态度。

答案及剖析:

1.A　猜测词义题。

根据第一段第三句中...didthings及第四句的arewrongandbad可知此处they意为:

周围的人和事。

2.C　推理判断题。

本段告诉我们:

生活的创造者承认自己的弱点,但当失败的时候他们不会责备自己;暴风雨是成长历程中的重要部分。

由此可知,生活的创造者能够明智地解决生活中的盛衰沉浮。

3.B　推理判断题。

第三段告诉我们:

生活的牺牲品和生活的创造者面对同样的境况时,他们会有截然不同的态度及做法,所以选B;他们是自己生活的主人。

4.A　推理判断题。

通过讲述面对失去工作或一种特殊关系时,一些人的态度和做法,告诉我们:

沉湎于生活中的不幸能使一些人成为牺牲品,所以A项正确。

5.D　主旨大意题。

全文讲述了生活的创造者和生活的牺牲品对待生活的不同态度及做法,并告诉我们:

生活的自主选择权就在我们手中,做出不同的选择就会过不同的生活。

【长难句子分析】

and

他们相信:

与生活中每一神圣时刻的共舞都是一份礼物,而暴风雨则是生活中很自然的一部分,它们为情感及心灵上的成长带来甘霖。

believe后theirdance...andthatstorms...是两个宾语从句;第二个宾语从句中的whichcan...是定语从句,修饰先行词storms。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

【2020二模】

FirefightershadlargelytamedatowerofflameandsmokethatcoveredthesunanddrovethousandsfromtheirhomesinthefoothillsuburbsnortheastofLosAngeles,butaweekofdangerouslywindywildfireconditionsandayearofhistoricdrynessmeantthatthisfireandpredictableonestocomeremainedamajorthreat.

BynightfallThursday,thewildfirethatsweptthroughabout21/2squaremilesofbrushintheSanGabrielMountainsanddestroyedfivehomesearlyinthedayhaditsprogressstoppedandwas30percentcontained.Morethan700firefighterswereonthescene,alongwith70enginesandafleetofhelicoptersandairtankersdroppingwaterandretardant（阻止物）.

ButtheNationalWeatherServicesaidared-flagwarningofextremefiredangerineffectmuchoftheweekwouldremaininplaceuntilFridayeveningbecauseoflowhumidityandthechanceoftheregion’sinfamousSantaAnawindsburstingto30mphinthefoothillsandvalleys.

Some3,700peoplefromGlendoraandAzusaevacuatedattheheightofthefire.GlendoraresidentswereallowedtoreturnhomeThursdayevening,buthomesinAzusaremainedunderevacuationorders.Itwasn’tclearhowmanyremainedempty.

Fireengineswouldstayinalltheendangeredneighborhoodsthroughthenightandhelicopterswereavailabletoflyafterdarkifitbecamenecessary.Nighttimeburstsbroughtafewflame-ups,buttheyremainedwithinfirelines.

Twofirefightershadminorinjuriesandawomantryingtofightthefirenearherhomesufferedaminorburn.Seventeenstructuresweredamaged,includinghomes,garages,barnsandotherbuildings.Atleast10renterswerelefthomelesswhenthefiredestroyedrentalunitsonthehistoricgroundsofaretreatthatoncewasthesummerlandoftheSingersewingmachinefamily.StatuesofJesusandMarystoodunharmedneartheblackenedruins.However,themain,1920shousewasspared.

Threemenintheir20s,includingahomelessman,wer