口译笔记符号大汇总剖析.docx
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口译笔记符号大汇总剖析
口译笔记符号大汇总
一.地名简写
原词
速记符号
原词
速记符号
Korea
K
Sweden
SD
Switzerland
SW
东西南北中等方位
“|－”
theRepublicofKorea（南朝鲜）
ROK
“K”
theDemocraticPeople’sRepublicofKorea（北朝鲜）
DPRK
“_K”
EasternGermany（东德）
“G|”
WesternEurope（西欧）
“|EU”
二.货币简写
原词
速记符号
原词
速记符号
Sterling（英国货币）/pound
￡
USdollar
$
Renminbi/RMB
￥
Australiandollars
#A
Austrianschillings
Sch
Canadiandollars
Can$
Eurodollar
€
NewZealanddollars
NZ$
Japaneseyen
円
三．时间简写
原词
速记符号
原词
速记符号
hour
hr
minute
’
year
y
month
m
week
wk
day
d
second
’’
morning
m
afternoon
a
evening/night/tonight
n
today
d
yesterday
.d
thedaybeforeyesterday
..d
tomorrow
d.
thedayaftertomorrow
d..
daybyday/everyday
dd
lastnight
.n
nextmorning
m.
thisweek
w
theweekbeforelast
..w
Monday
1w
Tuesday
2w
Wednesday
3w
Thursday
4w
Friday
5w
Saturday
6w
Sunday
7w
thismonth
m
January
1m
February
2m
March
3m
April
4m
May
5m
June
6m
July
7m
August
8m
September
9m
October
10m
November
11m
December
12dm
twomonthago
.2m
thisyear
y
twoyearlater
y2.
1949年前
/49
1949年后
49/
1949年底
49
20年以后
20y/
century
C
since/eversince
┠
uotonow/until
┫
四．度量衡
原词
速记符号
原词
速记符号
meter
m
inch
″/in
centimeter
cm
foot
′/ft
millimeter
mm
knot
kt
mile
Mi/ml
acre
A
nauticalmile（海里）
nm
kilometer
km
yard
yd
Squaremiles
Sqml
五.缩略词
原词
速记符号
原词
速记符号
Apartment
apt
Accountant
acc
According
Acdg
Accept
acpt
achievement
achi
Advertisement
ad
Address
ads
aircraft
ac
atleast
al
Advice
adv
Approve
apv
assoonaspossible
Asap
Asmuch/manyaspossible
amap
associate
asso
Are
r
Amount
Am’t
background
bkgd
biology
biol
Building
bldg
Balance
bal
Cancel
cncl
Conference
cnf
capitalism
cap
carboncopy
cc
careof（转交）
c/o
chemistry
chem
Conform
Cfm
Commission
cmi
compare
cf
Complete
cmp
Concern/concerning/concerned
conc
concentration
conc
Condition
Cond
Communication
cmu
conservative
cons
Continued
Cont’d
Compete/competitive
cmpe
Certificate
Cert
Company
Co.
Departure
dpt
democracy
dem
Discount
disc
Department
Dept
Educational
educat'l
estimate
estmt
Extent
ext
Exchange
exch
Explain
expln
Extralarge
XL
Final
fnl
Flight
flt
Foryourreference
FYR
Freight
FRT
Frequency
f
Government
Gov’t
Guarantee
guar
Good
gd
Homeoffice
H.O.
Interested
intst
Information
info
important
imp
Ioweyou
IOU
Insteadof
I/O
Inviewof
Ivo
Include
incd
introduction
intro
insurance
ins
Impossible
imps
Individual
Indiv
Minimum
min
liberal
lib
Market
mkt
Manufacture
manuf
Message
msg
manager
mgr
maximum
max
minimum
min
Model
mdl
Memorandum
memo
Nolaterthan
NLT
Necessary
ncry
Ordinary
ord
Observe
obs
Obtain
obt
Product
prod
Patent
pat
Packing
pkg
Please
pls
People
pl
Piece
pc
Position
posn
Possible
poss
Quantity
quty
prepared
ppd
presentation
pres
problem
prblm
Quality
qlty
room
Rm
Are
r
Regular
Regl
Representative
rep
repetition
rep
Reservation
resn
Repeat
rpt
Responsible
respon
receive
rcv
subject
sub
sum
s
Reference
ref
Situation
sitn
Standard
std
Section
sec
Though
tho
teleg
Telegraph
Thanks
tks
Telephone
tel
Trade
trd
through
thru
Temporary
temp
Traffic
trf
Total
ttl
You
u
Your
ur
Will
wl
Week
wk
Weight
wt
following
ff
六．较长单词的处理办法
词尾
缩写
原词
速记符号
-ism
m
socialism
Sm
-tion
n
standardization
stdn
-cian
o
technician
techo
-ing
g
marketing
mktg
-ed
d
accepted
acptd
-able/ible/ble
bl
available
avbl
-ment
mt
amendment
amdmt
-ize
z
recognize
regz
-ful
fl
meaningful
mnfl
七．字母、图像、符号
原词
速记符号
原词
速记符号
people/person
O
Japanese
JO（O在右上角，下同）
Government/govern
C
Governmentalofficial
CO
Politics/political
P
politician
PO
Efficient/effective
G
inflation
Q
victory,/win/success
V
Leader/head
T
agriculture/agriculture
A
business
B
conflict/confrontation
C×
work/employ
W
Total/entire/complete
E
industry/industrial
i
treaty/agreement
U
bilateral（双边的）
U内填入2
trilateral（三边的）
U内填入3
Unilateralism（单边主义）
U内填入1
Multiple（多边主义）
U内填入m
谈判破裂
U上加一个“/”
country/state/nation
□
Import
gO
export
Og
chair/host/presideover
Z
Chairman/host
Z°
contact,exchanges:
∞联系
fish
∞
headofgovernment/company
CT
international/worldwide/
global/universal
○
the
-
that
-t
from
fr
if
.f
is
z
He
E
be
b
Or
O
Two/to
2
in
n
of
v
so
s
me
m
all
l
they
-y
But/however/nevertheless
b
this
-s
would
wd
there
-r
which
wc
has
hs
what
Wt
had
hd
was
ws
have
hv
whom
wm
she
-e
shall
-l
very
vr
easy
ez
more
mo
send
S+
cannot
knt
time
t.m
until
tl
lie
l.
next
nx
do
d
say
sa
think
-nk
well
wel
thing
-,
first
/-
could
kd
any
an
an
a
new
nw
some
sm
go
g
my
m.
can
kn
Most
m-
when
wn
asweallknow/asisknowntoall/asyouhavealreadyheardof
EO 听到/众所周之
meeting/conference/negotiation/seminar/discussion/symposium
⊙
pleasant/joyful/happy/excite
J
unsatisfied/discomfort/
angry/sad
L
indifferent/apathetic（冷淡的）/unconcern/don’tcaremuch
O
total/totally/entire/entirely/onthewhole/allinall/tosumup
∑
gointo/arriveat/giveto/sendto/presentto
g→到达
leadto/resultin
→
asaresultof/consequencesof
<——>
and/also
+
come/gobackto/originate
←追溯到
be/comefrom/return/receivefrom
f←自于
launch/open/start
↗发射/投放市场/发行
develop/strengthen/promote/boost,/improve/enhance
↑
up/upward/rise/increase/
arise/ascend
h↑上升
upsanddowns
<<波折
Decline/decrease/fall/reduce
↓
enter
∩
submitto
↓屈服
exchange/mutual
n
amatch/rival/competitor/counterpart/against
VS
many/lotsof/agreatdealof/agoodmanyof/plus
+
More
++/+2
most
+3
Good/excellent
+
bad
－
little/few/lack/inshortof/beinshortageof/minus
－
about/around/orso/approximately
≈
bigger/larger/greater/morethan/betterthan
>
less/smaller
<
superiorto/surpass
∧ 高
inferiorto
∨低
among/within
top/peak/climax/supreme
（）
∧
But/yet/however
Leader/manager/officer/director
∧ 转折
∧
crossout/eliminate
/否定/消除
question/issue
TaiWan?
wonder/miracle
！
惊叹
say/speak/talk/marks/announce/declare
:
:
end/stop/halt/bringsthtoastandstill/stop
∥
See/notice/watch
:
but
‖
right/good/famous/well-known
√
wrong/incorrect/somethingbad/notorious/negative
×
standupfor/support/agreewithsb/certain/affirmative
Y
notagree/disagree
N
thought
*
important/best/outstanding/brilliant
☆
very/extremely
__
underthecircumstance
￣
means/thatistosay/inotherwords/thesameas/beequalto
=
bedifferentfrom
≠
and/togetherwith/alongwith/accompany/alongwith/furthermore
&
belongto
∈
basisof/perpendicular/isperpendicularto（垂直的）
⊥
therefore/so/asaresult/consequently
∴
because/becauseof/dueto
∵
hear/listen
○3听说
at
＠
Contrast/compare
//
water
H2O
for
4
to
2
without
w/o
with
w/
plusorminus
±
times
x
soon,etc,andsoforth
···
dividedby
÷
Circle
○
degree
℃
Ellipse（椭圆）
0
percent
%
Diameter（直径）
θ
perthousand
‰
triangle,delta
△
between
|.|
inside/within/include/among,
（）
maintainingpeaceandstability:
◎
Empty
O
asalways/holdon,/persist/insiston
≡一直/总是/一贯
pressure/influence
⊥（竖线为向下箭头）
Ontheotherhand/or
/或者
rightangle
∟
Representative/delegation/
△
ocean/sea/river/lake/brook
∽江河湖海水
hills/mountain
ω山
climbthemountain
ω上加一点·
山水之间
ω∕∽
before/beyond/infrontof
·|
above/on/over
～上加一点·
below/beneath/under
～下加一点·
table/desk/house/building/bed
︹
在椅子上
︹上加一短横
在桌子下
︹下加一短横
look/lookafter/lookinto/investigate/witness
⊙
资本主义
资’
四个现代化
4m
peace-keeping
维p
第三世界
3w
Dangerous/warning/alarming/alert/hazardous/perilous/jeopardy
!
学校/大学/教育机构
文
医院/医疗机构
⊕
Complete/whole
O
Aim/object/goal
△
City/urban/metropolitan
△
Country/rural/village
▽
economy
e
finance
fz
Reform/change/revolution
r
Society/science
s
Think/suppose/consider
t
Victory/triumph/achievement
v
although
al
business
bz
company
co
infrastructure
infra
News
nz
trade
tr
tax
tx
recreation
rec
gymnasium
gym
Congratulation
Congrats
graduate
grad
doctor
doc
demonstration
demo
Feature/character/characteristic
﹡
Woman/female
f
Man/male
m
Dollar/rich/well-off/money
＄
Channel/tunnel
║
Inthepast
」
Inthefuture
∟
Pressure/stress/burden
↓
Influence/effect/affect/impact
↓
Asmuchaspossible
AMAP
BachelorofArts
B.A.
BeforeChrist
B.C.
BachelorofScience
B.S.
CommunistPartyofChina
CPC
HeadQuarter
H.Q.
Organization
Org
DoctorofPhilosophy
Ph.D.
VicePresident
V.P.
Regret/sadness
;
disagreement
⊥
Conflict/opposite
><
8Createyourownsetofabbreviationsandsymbols.Youmaywishtodevelopseparatesetsofsymbolsandabbreviationsfordifferentcoursesorsubjects.
上面只是对交替传译过程中最常出现的词汇符号的初步总结。
事实上，能总结和创造的符号是无法穷尽的，译员要在这个过程中把符号笔记法系统化，即在不乱章法的基础上，不断地总结和发现简明易懂的符号，充实和丰富这一体系的内容。
体系与内容的关系像“树干”与“树叶”一样，“树干¨基本不变，但“树叶”却可以千姿百态。
那么，笔记教学就可以紧靠“树干”，逐渐使其规范化。
但必须防止和避免过多地使用符号而带来的“物极必反”的麻烦。
同时还应注意，最好不要在口译现场发明新符号，因为译员当时要对笔记进行回忆、分析、理解、翻译等多方面技术处理，很难再有精力去识别新的符号，因此，对于现场出现的陌生词，只记录下关键的字形即可。
升级会员 