精品解析湖南省长沙市中考英语试题解析版.docx
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精品解析湖南省长沙市中考英语试题解析版
2021年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷
英语
注意事项∶
1.答题前,请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号;
2.必须在答题卡上答题,在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效;
3.答题时,请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示;
4.请勿折叠答题卡,保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁;
5.答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸;
6.本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。
试卷分为四个部分,共8页,71小题,时量120分钟,满分120分。
第一部分听力（共两节,满分20分）
第一节（共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分）
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话读两遍。
1.Whereisthemanfrom?
A.Canada.B.Britain.C.Germany.
2.HowwastheweatherinChangshayesterday?
A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Cloudy.
3.Whosedictionaryisthis?
A.Peter's.B.Toby's.C.Frank's.
4.HowmanyT-shirtswillthewomantake?
A.Two.B.Five.C.Seven.
5.WhatdoesJohnwanttobe?
A.Asinger.B.Awriter.C.Anengineer.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
听下面6段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第六段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?
A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Doctorandpatient.
7.Whatisthegirlgoingtodothisweekend?
A.Takesomephotos.B.GototheconcertC.Joinareadingclub.
听第七段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.Howwillthespeakersgettothetrainstation?
A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybike.
9.Howfarisitfromthehoteltothetrainstation?
A.8kilometers.B.9kilometers.C.10kilometers.
听第八段材料,回答第10、11题。
10.WhatwilltheboydoonTuesday?
A.HelpJenny.B.Haveaparty.C.Dohousework.
11.WhymustJennystayathome?
A.Toplayinterestinggames.B.Tostudyforhermathtest.C.Toprepareforatrip.
听第九段材料,回答第12至14题。
12.Whatistheboy'sspeechabout?
A.Westernplays.B.Modernmovies.C.Chineseculture.
13
Whatkindofbooksdoestheboylikebest?
A.Gardeningbooks.B.Historybooks.C.Sciencebooks.
14.Whenisthelibraryclosed?
A.OnMonday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.
听第十段材料,回答第15至17题。
15.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?
A.TointerviewMr.Black.B.Tohaveameeting.C.Todrinkcoffee.
16.Whenarethespeakersgoingtomeet?
A.At9:
00.B.At10:
00.C.At11:
00.
17.WhereistheSpringTeahouse?
A.OnWoyiRoad.B.OnYuandaRoad.C.OnXinhuaRoad.
听第十一段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.Howlongisthesmartelephantbus?
A.About11meters.B.About13meters.C.About15meters.
19.Howdoesthebusknowwhoyouare?
A.Byreadingyourface.B.Byreadingyourfingerprint.C.Byreadingyourcard
20.WhatcantherobotDr.Knowdoforthepassengers?
A.Drivethebus.B.Communicatewiththem.C.Offerthemfood
第二部分阅读（共两节,满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分）
阅读下面的材料,从每题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
HotelWorkersWanted
IsabellaHotelisatophotelinthecenterofQueensland
We’relookingforexperiencedwaitersandwaitresses.Youareexpectedtoworkfrom7a.m.to3p.m.
Youshould
>behealthy
>bewell-dressed
>bereliable（值得信赖的）
Ifyoujoinus,youwillget
>$400everyweek
>allmealsforfree
>aseparateroom
>onefreedayeveryweek
Ifyouareinterestedinthisjob,youcanwritetojobhunt@.
1.HowlongshouldtheworkersatIsabellaHotelworkinaday?
A.Forthreehours.B.Forsevenhours.C.Foreighthours.
2.WhatwillIsabellaHotelprovidefortheworkers?
A.400dollarsamonth.B.Twofreedaysaweek.C.Allmealsforfree.
【答案】1.C2.C
【解析】
【分析】文中是一则宾馆工作人员的招聘启事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。
根据“Youareexpectedtoworkfrom7a.m.to3p.m.”可知从上午7点工作到下午3点，每天工作8小时。
故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。
根据“Ifyoujoinus,youwillget>$400everyweek>allmealsforfree>aseparateroom>onefreedayeveryweek”可知伊莎贝拉宾馆
工作人员提供免费餐。
故选C。
B
WhenwetalkabouttheUK,whatwillyouthinkof?
BigBen,DowningStreetandTowerBridgearealwaysourhottopics（话题）.ButtherearemanyotherfactsabouttheUK.Comeandsee!
ThemostpopularmuseumistheBritishMuseuminLondon.Oversixmillionpeoplevisititeveryyear.Itisopenfrom10:
00a.m.to5:
00p.m.ButonFriday,theclosingtimeis8:
30p.m.
TheRiverSevernstartsinWalesandflows（流）throughwesternEngland.It’swellknownfortheSevernBore—atallwave（波浪）ofwaterthatregularly（定期地）flowsuptheriverfromthesea.
Hungry?
Beefandchickenaretasty,fruitandvegetablesarehealthy,andsandwichesaresimple.Shortofmoney?
Thecheapestfoodisfishandchips（炸鱼薯条）.Andit’sdelicious.
3.WhencanwevisittheBritishMuseum?
A.At9:
00a.m.,Monday.B.At10:
30a.m.,Tuesday.C.At9:
30p.m.,Friday.
4.WhatistheRiverSevernfamousfor?
A.Itstallwaveofwater.B.Itsbeautifulriverbank.C.Itsdeepriverbed.
5.Thereadingmaterial（材料）aboveismostprobably________.
A.abusinessplanB.atravelguideC.asciencereport
【答案】3.B4.A5.B
【解析】
【分析】文中介绍了关于英国的一些事实。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。
根据“ThemostpopularmuseumistheBritishMuseuminLondon....Itisopenfrom10:
00a.m.to5:
00p.m.ButonFriday,theclosingtimeis8:
30p.m.”可知大英博物馆上午10点到下午5点营业，其中周五关门时间延后至晚上8:
30。
结合选项可知周二上午10:
30可以去参观大英博物馆。
故选B。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。
根据“TheRiverSevern...It’swellknownfortheSevernBore—atallwaveofwater”可知塞文河因它高高的水浪而著名。
故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。
文中介绍了关于英国的一些事实，主要是关于大英博物馆、塞文河和美味的食物的。
最可能是一篇旅游指南。
故选B。
C
Fromanearlyage,weweretaughtthatifwewantedtobesuccessful,wehadtostudyhardandgetgoodresultsatschool.Infact,goodstudentsmayjustendupdoingjobstheydon’tlike,andsomeevenleadanunhappylife.Whyisitlikethat?
Insomeparents’eyes,schoolgradesmattermostfortheirkids.Inreality,therearemanythingstoconsiderbesidestheschoolsubjects,forexample,howtobeahappyperson,whattodotokeephealthy,andhowtogetalongwellwithothers.Thatistosay,schoolisnotjustenoughifyouwanttohaveagreatlife.
Doingwellinschoolisdifferentfromdoingwellinlife.Studiesshowthatpeoplewhofailedatschoolmaynotendupfailinginlife.Youmayhavealreadyknownthatsomefamouspeople,likeThomasEdisonandSteveJobs,didn’tdoverywellatschoolorevenfailedtofinishschool.Infact,therearealotmorethanjustthebigshotswhoaresuccessfulinlifewithoutfinishingschool.Theyseize（抓住）everychancetolearnandfinallymakeittothetop.
Lifeisreallyalonglesson,solongthatyoucan’tdefine（界定）aperson’ssuccessbyjustonesection（部分）ofit.Ifyouhavealreadyfinishedschool,keeplearningbecausewhatyouhavelearnedatschoolwillneverbeenoughtoliveasatisfyinglife.Ifyouarestillstudying,whetheryouaregoodorbadatschool,don’ttakeyourschoolresultstooseriouslyaslongasyouhaveputyourheartintoit.Keeplearningtomakethemostofyourtalents（天赋）.That’showyoucanliveahappyandsuccessfullife.
6.What’sthewriter’smainpurposeofwritingParagraph（段落）One?
A.Tointroduceatopic.B.Togiveexamples.C.Toprovideasolution.
7.Insomeparents’eyes,what’sthemostimportantfortheirkidsbasedonParagraphTwo?
A.Beinghappy.B.Stayinghealthy.C.Gettinggoodgrades.
8.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“bigshots”inthethirdparagraphmean?
A.好学生B.神枪手C.大人物
9.Accordingtothepassage,whichsentencemayagreewiththewriter’sidea?
A.Ittakesmoneytobesuccessful.B.Schoolgradesaren’teverything.C.Successfulpeopleneverfinishschool.
10.Whatcanweinfer（推断）fromthetext?
A.Oldhabitsdiehard.B.Learningisalifelongjourney.C.Goodgradesalwayspromiseasuccessfullife.
【答案】6.A7.C8.C9.B10.B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。
在学校学习成绩好可以和未来的成功划等号吗？
其实学校中的常胜将军可能并非人生赢家，反之亦然。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。
根据“Infact,goodstudentsmayjustendupdoingjobstheydon’tlike,andsomeevenleadanunhappylife.Whyisitlikethat?
”可知作者写第一段是为了引出学习成绩好并不能和未来的成功划等号这一话题。
故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。
根据“Insomeparents’eyes,schoolgradesmattermostfortheirkids.”可知在一些家长的眼里，学习成绩对孩子们来说才是最重要的。
故选C。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。
根据“whoaresuccessfulinlifewithoutfinishingschool”可知此处指的是没上学就取得成功的大人物，bigshots意为“大人物”。
故选C。
【9题详解】
观点态度题。
根据“Thatistosay,schoolisnotjustenoughifyouwanttohaveagreatlife.”可知想要拥有美好生活，只成绩好是不够的，由此可知“学校成绩并不代表一切。
”这一句符合作者的观点。
故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。
根据“Ifyouhavealreadyfinishedschool,keeplearningbecausewhatyouhavelearnedatschoolwillneverbeenoughtoliveasatisfyinglife.”可知即使完成学业了也要继续学习，学习是一个终生旅程。
故选B。
D
MartinStrelisaswimmer,bestknownforswimmingtheworld’sbigrivers.Hewasbornin1954.Hetaughthimselftoswimwhenhewassixandbecameaprofessional（职业的）swimmerin1978.MartinholdsGuinnessWorldRecordsforswimmingtheDanubeRiver,theMississippiRiver,theYangtzeRiverandtheAmazonRiver.
Ofallhisachievements,thegreatestishisAmazonRiverswim.TheAmazonisknownasthelargestandmostdangerousriverintheworld.Severalswimmershadtriedtoswimit,butallfailed.Martindecidedtogoalloutandmakehistory.Hewantedtoshowtheworldthatpeoplecouldachievetheirdreamswithhardworkandperseverance（毅力）.OnApril7th,2007,MartinStrelcompletedhisAmazonRiverallthewayfromAtalaya（Peru）totheAtlanticOceanatBelem（Brazil）.Hestruggled（奋战）withtheriverfor66daysandswam3,274milesintotal.Hebecameaworldwidehero.
Manypeoplestillcannotbelievewhathehasdonesofar,sothatiswhytheysometimesdescribehimas“Fishman”,“HumanFish”oreven“theCraziestManintheWorld”.
In2009,Americanfilmmakersproducedadocumentary（纪录片）calledBigRiverMan.Andthebook,TheManWhoSwamtheAmazon,hasbeensoldinmanycountries.Ittellsusaninspirationalstoryofperseveranceandhardwork,whichhasencouragedmanypeople.
Martindoesn’tswimformoney.Instead,heswimstoteachpeopleabouttheimportanceofkeepingwaterclean.
Martinhasalwaysbeenlookingforthechallenges（挑战）ofthe
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