工程建设标准强制性条文CPECSB7房屋建筑部分英文版.docx

工程建设标准强制性条文CPECSB7房屋建筑部分英文版.docx

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工程建设标准强制性条文CPECSB7房屋建筑部分英文版

ChapterVII

Structureappraisalandreinforcement

1.Appraisalofstructuresafety

1.1Generalrules

GB50292-1999

4.1.3Thedataadoptedforappraisalofsafetyofstructureelementsshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:

1Methodsofinspectionshallbebasedonthecurrentnationalstandards.Whenmorethanoneinspectingmethodistobeused,aregulationfordeterminingtestvalueshallbeagreedbeforethetestiscarriedout.

3Whenthedetecteddataaredoubtfulforanyabnormality,thejudgementandtreatmentshallbeinaccordancewiththecurrentrulesofthenationalstandard;neitheradoptionnorabandonofdataatrandomisallowed.

4.1.6Whenperformanceofmaterialofastructuralelementisdegradedduetoenvironmentaleffectandothersystematicfactorsrelatingtotime,itisallowedtopickupsamplesatrandom,fromwhich5~10samplestructuralelementswillbedeterminedasinspectingtargets,ofwhichthematerialstrengthandotherdynamicperformanceswillbedetectedinaccordancewithpresentstandardmethods.

Note：

①Whentotalelementsarefewerthan5,allofthemshallbetestedonebyone.

GB50165-92

4.1.4Appraisalofreliabilityofancientconstructionsshallbedividedinto4categoriesaccordingtothefollowingrules:

CategoryI.Theexistingdamagedorweakenedpointsinthestructurethatisload-bearinghavebeenalreadytreatedcorrectlyandnonewdamagedorweakenedorsignofdamagingorweakeningarefound.

CategoryII.Thoseoncedamagedorweakenedpointsinload-bearingstructurehavebeenalreadyrepairedandreinforced,yetthereareindividualpointsthathavetobetreatedagain;somenewlyfoundsignsofdamageordestroyingthatneedtobefurtherinspectedandtreatedbutdonotaffectsafetyanduseoftheconstruction.

CategoryIII.Whenthedamagedorweakenedpointsareatthecriticalpositionoftheload-bearingstructure,which,oritscombination,affectsafetyandnormaluseofthestructureandisnecessarytobereinforcedorrepaired,yetnoimmediatedangerwillhappen.

CategoryIV.Thestructureisinadangerstatuseitherpartiallyorwhollyandunexpectedaccidentispossibletohappenatanytime.Suchstructuremustberepairedimmediately.

1.2ConcreteStructuralelements

GB50292-1999

4.2.1Appraisalforsafetyofconcretestructuralelementsshallbeinspectedinfouritems:

capabilityofload-bearing;structure;bitshift（ordeformation）,forwhichtheelementisnotsuitableforuse;andcracking.Eachinspectedelementshallbeclassifiedbyevaluationindividually,ofwhichtheonehaslowestresultshallbereferredasclassofsafety.

4.2.2Whensafetyofconcretestructuralelementisevaluatedperitsload-bearingcapability,classofeachitemthatiscalculatedshallbeevaluatedindividually,thenthelowestoneshallbethebaseonwhichsafeload-bearingcapabilityisdetermined.

4.2.3Whensafetyofconcretestructuralelementisevaluatedbasedonitsstructure,itshouldbedeterminedwithtwoitemsthatarebeinginspected,andthelowestshallbeasclassofthem.

4.2.4Whensafetyofconcretestructureisevaluatedbasedonbitshiftordeformationthatisnotsuitabletobearloadcontinuously,thefollowingruleshallbeobserved:

1Whentheactuallymeasuredvalueofdeflectionofthetruss（rooftruss,supportingtruss）ishigherthan1/400ofthespanforcalculation,thecapabilityofloadbearingshouldbecalculatedaccordingto4.2.2ofthisstandard.Whencheckingcomputationisbeingdone,theeffectofadditionalstressduetobitshiftshallbeconsideredandevaluationofclassshallbebasedonthefollowingprinciples:

1）Iftheresultofcheckingcomputationisnotlowerthanclassbu,itcanyetclassifiedasclassbu,butalimitationofaperiodformonitoringuseshallbeadded.

2）Iftheresultofcheckingcomputationislowerthanclassbu,theelementshallbeclassifiedasclasscuorduaccordingtotheactualseverity.

2.Fordeflectionordeviationduetoconstructionworkofotherelementinbending,theyshouldbeevaluatedinaccordancewithrules.

4.2.7whenoneofthefollowingcircumstancesofaconcreteelementappears,itshallbeclassifiedasclassdu,despitethesizeofitscracking:

1.Signshowsthereisdamageduetopressure;

2.Theelementcorneredgedamagedorlostduetorustingofthemainreinforcingbarandconcretecoveringlayerpeeredoff.

1.3Steelstructureelements

GB50292-1999

4.3.2Whensafetyofasteelstructureelement（includingconnection）isevaluatedbasedonloadbearingcapability,eachresultofcheckingcomputationshallbeevaluatedindividually,thenthelowestclassshallbeadoptedassafetyclassofthatelement.

1.4Buildingblockstructureelements

GB50292-1999

4.4.2Whensafetyofabuildingblockstructureelementisevaluatedbasedonloadbearingcapability,eachresultofcheckingcomputationshallbeevaluatedindividually,thenthelowest

classshallbeadoptedassafetyclassofthatelement.

4.4.3Whensafetyofabuildingblockisevaluatedbasedonstructure,classoftwoitemsshallbeevaluatedrespectively,andthentheloweroneshallbeadoptedasthesafetyclassofthatelement.

4.4.5Whentheloadbearingelementofabuildingblockhasthefollowingforcedcracking,itshallbeconsideredasacrackingthatisnolongersuitableforloadbearingcontinuouslyandshallbeevaluatedasclasscuorduaccordingtoitsseverity:

1．EndsorcenterpartsofBrickwall,brickcolumnundertruss,mainbeamsupportshaveverticalcrackingthatisbrokenalongtheblock（troughtheblock）.

2．Horizontalorinclinedcrackingappearsatthecrosssectiononloadbearingwallofvasthouses.

3．Crackingappearsatspancenterorsupportofabrickbuiltlintel;or,thoughnovisualcrackingisseen,aconcentratedloadfocusisdiscoveredwithinthespanextent.

Note:

Blockmaterialisreferredtobricksorbuildingblocks.

4．Cracking,alongthearchtopmainleadordiagonalline,appearsatarchsurfaceandshellsurfaceofcylindricalarch,hyperbolacylindricalarchandflatshell.

5．Inclinedcracking,brokenalongthebuildingblock,appearsinloadbearingwalloradjacenttoarch,shellsupport.

6．Othersignificantcrackingthatisunderpressure,inbending,beingsheared.

4.4.6Whennon-forcedcrackingappearsinbuildingblockstructureorelement,suchcrackingwillBeconsideredasunsuitableforcontinuetobeloadbearingonesandshouldbeevaluatedasclasscuorduaccordingtoactualcircumstancesindividually:

1．Athroughverticalcrackingappearsattheconnectionbetweenverticalandhorizontalwalls.

2．Seriouscrackinginwall,ofwhichthewidthofthebiggestcrackingiswiderthan5mm.

3．Crackingincolumnappears,ofwhichthewidestismorethan1.5mm.

4．Othercrackingthatsignificantlyaffectsentirety.

Note:

Non-forcedcrackingisreferredtocrackingthatisresultedfromtemperature,contract,deformationorunevensinkoffoundation.

1.5Woodenstructureelements

GB50292-1999

4.5.2Whensafetyofawoodenstructureelementisevaluatedbasedonloadbearingcapability;eachcheckingcomputationitemshallbeclassifiedforsafety,ofwhichtheitemwithlowestsafetyshallbeconsideredassafetyclass.

4.5.3Whensafetyofwoodenstructureelementisevaluatedbasedonstructure,twoitemsshallbeevaluatedforclassificationofsafetyrespectively,ofwhichthelowersafetyclassshallgovern.

4.5.5Whenawoodenstructurehasthefollowinginclinedveiningorcrackingwithaslopeof（ρ），itshouldbeclassifiedasclasscuorduaccordingtotheseverity:

fortensileelementρ>10%

forbendingelementρ>15%

forcompressionelementρ>20%

1.6Woodenstructureofancientconstructions

GB50165-92

4.1.7Inspectionandevaluationofentiretyofwoodenstructureofancientconstructionsshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithtable4.1.7

InspectionandappraisalforentiretyofwoodenstructuretrussTable4.1.7

ItemNo.

Inspectionitem

Inspectioncontent

Limitofappraisalfordamagedpoints

Elevatedbeamform

Through-the-hopperform

1

Entirelyinclined

（1）Incliningamountalongstructuremechanismplane∆1

∆1>H0/120or

∆1>120mm

∆1>H0/100or

∆1>150mm

（2）Incliningamountalongverticalstructuremechanismplane∆2

∆2>H0/240or

∆2>60mm

∆2>H0/200or

∆2>75mm

2

Localinclining

Relativebitshiftbetweencolumnheadandcolumnfoot∆

∆>H/90

∆>H/75

3

Linkagebetweenstructuremechanisms

Presentcircumstanceofverticalbracingbaranditslinkingrod

Damagedorconnectionloosened

4

Linkagebetweenbeamandcolumn（includingthatbetweenplinthandtimberandcolumnandpurlin）

Circumstancesofpullingconnectionandjogglingconnection

Nopullingconnection,therabbetdrawnoutoffthemortisewithalengthlongerthantherabbet

2/5

1/2

5

Perfectionofrabbetandmortise

Material

Rotted,moth-eaten

Otherdamages

Alreadycracked

Horizontalveiningpressedwithdeformation

Compressamountbeyond4mm

Note:

Inthetable,H0representstotalheightofwoodstructuremechanism;Hrepresentsheightofcolumn

4.1.18Whenoneofthefollowingcircumstanceshappenstoancientconstructions,theappraisalofreliabilityshallbejudgedascategoryIIIorIVaccordingtotheactualc