最新初中时态讲解现在完成时.docx

最新初中时态讲解现在完成时.docx

《最新初中时态讲解现在完成时.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《最新初中时态讲解现在完成时.docx（17页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

最新初中时态讲解现在完成时

初中时态讲解：

现在完成时

1）构成：

现在完成时由助动词

have+过去分词构成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。

第三人称单数用has，其余用have.

现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。

以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：

（2）用法：

1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。

说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。

Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女儿刚出去。

I’msurewe’vemetbefore.我肯定我们以前见过面。

Shehasarrived.她到了。

2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，

如recently,already,just,lately,for…,since…,yet等。

如：

Ihaven’theardfromherthesedays.这些日子我没有收到她的信。

Wehaven’tseenyourecently.最近我们没有见到你。

Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他们离开已经两年了。

ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.

★注意：

a）since和for的区别

since后接时间点，如1993，lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgotthere

for后接一段时间，表示长达多久”，如tenyears,awhile,twodays等。

Exercise:

用since和for填空

1.JimhasbeeninIreland______Monday.

2.JillhasbeeninIreland______threedays.

3.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia______15days.

4.Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere______7o'clock.

5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry______1974.

6.Thebusislate.They'vebeenwaiting______20minutes.

7.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenempty______manyyears.

8.Mikehasbeenill______alongtime.Hehasbeeninhospital______October.

2）表示短暂意义的动词如

arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die等，在完成时当中不能和

表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。

因此，不能说：

Hehascomeherefor2weeks.×

Theoldmanhasdiedfor4months.

Theyhaveleftonlyfor5minutes.

以上三句话可以改为：

Hehasbeenherefor2weeks.

Theoldmanhas_____________for4months.

Theyhave__________onlyfor5minutes

2）have（has）been和have（has）gone的区别：

表示“曾到过某地”要用“have（has）been”;表示“已经去某地

”要用“have（has）gone”。

试比较：

Wherehashebeen?

他刚才到哪里去了？

（已经回来了）

Wherehashegone?

他上哪儿去了？

（人不在）

TheyhavebeentoCanada.他们到过加拿大。

（现在已经不在加拿大）

TheyhavegonetoCanada.他们到加拿大去了。

（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）

3）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如

yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein，

但是可以和already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等连用。

例如：

Shehasalreadycome.她已经来了。

Ihaven’treadityet.我还没读过这个。

Ihavemethimbefore.我从前曾见过他。

MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.马红一直是个好学生。

Ihaveoftenseenhiminthestreet.我经常在街上看见他。

TheyhaveneverbeentoYan’an.他们从未去过延安。

Ihaven'tseenhimlately.我近来没看到他。

IrregularVerbs（）见附件）

Exercise:

I.Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.

1.I____already____（see）thefilm.I________（see）itlastweek.

2._____he____（finish）hisworktoday?

Notyet.

3.Myfather____just____（come）backfromwork.Heistirednow.

4.Where’sLiMing?

He__________（go）totheteacher’soffice.

5.I__________（work）heresinceI______（move）herein1999.

6.SofarI_______________（make）quiteafewfriendshere.

7.Howlong________theWangs______________（stay）here?

Fortwoweeks.

8.I________just___________（finish）myhomework.

9.He________（go）toschoolonfooteveryday.

10.____you______（find）yoursciencebookyet?

11.Ifit____（be）finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.

12.Thestudents____________（read）Englishwhentheteachercamein.

13.Look!

Themonkey__________（climb）thetree.

14.Mymother__________（come）toseemenextSunday.

15.I'velostmypen._________you________（see）itanywhere?

II.Choosethebestanswer.

1.Howlonghaveyou_______here?

A.comeB.gotC.arrivedD.been

2.Mygrandpadied_________.

A.attheageofmy2B.for2years

C.whenIwas2.D.myagewas6.

3.Janehas_____toBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.

A.beenB.goneC.wentD.neverbeen

4.Itistenyears_____Ilastsawher.

A.afterB.sinceC.forD.that

5.--WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?

--Iwill.I_____herseveraltimes.

A.metB.havemetC.hadmetD.willmeet

6.--Whatanicedress!

Howlong_____you_____it?

--Just2weeks.

A.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,havingD.have,had

7.--DoyouknowLydiaverywell?

--Yes,SheandI_____friendssincewewereveryyoung.

A.havemadeB.havebecomeC.havebeenD.haveturned

8.TheSmiths_______inChinafor8years.

A.haslivedB.livedC.havebeenD.live

9.--Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.

CanIspeaktoMr.Black?

--Sorry.He______theBainiaoPark.

A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.wenttoD.willgoto

10.--____youever____totheUS?

--Yes,twice.

A.Have,goneB.Have,beenC,Do,goD.were,going

III.Rewritethesentences.

1.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.（

改为否定句

）I__________________beentoMacaubefore.

2.Hehasn’tcometoschool

becausehewasill.（就划线部分提问）

_____________hecometoschool?

3.Iboughanewbikejustnow.（用just改写）

I____just____anewbike.

4.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.（改为同义句）

We________English____threeyears

5.Hehasneversurfed,______________?

（改成反意疑问句）

6.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.（对划线部分提问）

______________havetheybeenhere?

7.Theoldman_________lastyear.Hehas______________forayear.（die）

（动词填空）

8.MissGaoleftanhourago.（同义句转换）

MissGaohas_______________________anhourago.

Askthequestions

1）Ihavebeentherefortwodays.

_____________________________you____________________?

2）Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.

____________________________yourfather___________________?

3）Helefthereyesterday.

_________________he___________________?

4）Theyboughtabooktwohoursago.

_____________________they__________abook?

Usenever,ever,already,just,yet,for,sincetofillintheblanks.

1.Ihave_______seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.

2.Jackhas_________finishedhishomework.

3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool________tenyears.

4.“Haveyou________seenthefilm?

”“No,Ihave________seenit.”

5.“Hasthebusleft_______?

”“Yes,ithas_________left.”

现在完成时练习题及答案

一、翻译下列句子：

1..你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？

2.我刚刚丢了我的化学书。

3.我以前从来没去过那个农场。

4.他已经吃过午饭

5.你已经看过这部电影了吗？

6.我哥哥还没回来。

7.这本字典我已买了三年了。

8.他离开中国三年了。

9.我认识他们五年了。

10.他们已去了美国五年了。

11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。

12.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。

13.自从1999年以来他们就认识。

14.我来到这个学校已3年多了。

二、用since和for填空

1.______twoyears2.____twoyearsago3.___lastmonth

4.______19995._______yesterday

6._______4o’clock7_______4hours

8._____anhourago9.___wewerechildren

10._____lunchtime11.____shelefthere

12.HehaslivedinNanjing___theyearbeforelast.

13.I’veknownhim______wewerechildren.

14.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese______threeyears.

15.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity______abouttenyears.

16.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.

三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。

①arriveat/insp/getto/reachsp/come/go/movetosp

→beinsp/atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethere

1）HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.HeBeijingfor

2）ImovedtotheUSAin2008.ItheUSAsince

3）Iwenthomeyesterday.Ihomefor

4）Theycameherelastweek.

They___________heresince_____________.

②cometo/gobackto/returnto→bebacktogoout→beout

1）Hecameouttwoyearsago.He______________for____________.

2）WereturntoBeijingyesterday.We_______________toBeijingsince__________.

③become→be

1）Ibecameateacherin2000.

I________________ateacherfor_________________.

2）Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver______________dirtyfor_______________.

④close→beclosedopen→beopen

1）Theshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop_____________________for_________________.

2）Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor________________________forsixhours.

⑤getup→beup；die→bedead；leavesp.

→beawayfromsp.fallasleep/gettotsleep→beasleep；

finish/end→beover；marry→bemarried；

1）Igotuptwohoursago.I_____________________since_______________.

2）HeleftShanghaijustnow.He__________________________Shanghaiforfiveminutes.

3）Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa__________________for_______________.

4）Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.

5）Igottosleeptwohoursago.I________________since__________________.

6）Theymarriedin1990.

They___________________________since_________.

⑥start/begintodosth.→dosth.；begin→beon

1）Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.

I________atthisschoolsince____.

2）Thefilmbegantwominutesago.

Thefilm____________for________.

⑦borrow→keep；lose→nothave；buy→have；puton→wear/catch/getacold

→haveacold；gettoknow→know

1）Theyborroweditlastweek.

They__________itsince_____________.

2）Iboughtapentwohoursago.

I____________apenfor_____________.

3）Igottoknowhimlastyear.

I___________himsince___________.

4）Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I_________myglassesfor______________.

⑧have/hasgoneto→havebeenin

HehasgonetoBeijing.He_____________Beijingfortwodays.

⑨jointheleague/theParty/thearmy→bealeaguemember/aPartymember/asoldier→beamemberoftheleague/theParty→beintheleague/theParty/thearmy

1）Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.

He_________________a_________________fortwoyears.

He___________a_________the________fortwoyears.

He_______________________theleaguefortwoyears.

2）Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.

Mybrother_________a________for______________________.

Mybrother___________in___________fortwoyears.

四、划线提问

1）Ihavebeentherefortwodays.

_____________________________you____________________?

2）Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.

____________________________yourfather___________________?

3）Helefthereyesterday.

_________________he___________________?

4）Theyboughtabooktw