钱钟书围城FortressBesieged（中英文对照版）.docx
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FortressBesieged
围城
BYCH’TENCHUNG-SHU
钱钟书著
TRANSLATEDBYJEANNEKELLYANDNATHANK.MAO
珍妮•凯利茅国权译
Author’sPreface（作者）序
InthisbookIintendedtowriteaboutacertain
segmentofsocietyandacertainkindofpeopleinmodern
China.Inwritingaboutthesepeople,Ididnotforgetthey
arehumanbeings,stillhumanbeingswiththebasicnature
ofhairless,two-leggedanimals.Thecharactersareof
coursefictitious,sothosewithafondnessforhistoryneed
nottroublethemselvestryingtotracethemout.
Thewritingofthisbooktooktwoyearsaltogether.It
wasatimeofgreatgriefanddisruption,duringwhichI
thoughtseveraltimesofgivingup.ThankstoMadameYang
Chiang,whocontinuouslyurgedmeonwhileholdingother
mattersatbay,Iwasablethroughtheaccumulationof
manysmallmomentstofindthetimetofinishit.Thisbook
shouldbededicatedtoher.
Butlatelyitseemstomethatdedicatingabookislike
thefinerhetoricaboutofferingone’slifetoone’scountry,
orhandingthereinsofthegovernmentbacktothepeople.
Thisisbutthevainandemptyjugglingoflanguage.Despite
allthetalkabouthandingthehand.Andwhenhededicates
hisworkinwhatevermannerhechooses,theworkisstill
theauthor’sown.Sincemybookisameretrifle,itdoesnot
callforsuchingeniousdisingenuousness.Ithereforehave
notbotheredmyselfaboutthededication.
December15,1946
在这本书里，我想写现代中国某一部分
社会、某一类人物。
写这类人，我没忘记他
们是人类，只是人类，具有无毛两足动物的
基本根性。
角色当然是虚构的，但是有考据
癖的人也当然不肯错过索隐的机会、放弃附
会的权利的。
这本书整整写了两年。
两年里忧世伤生，
屡想中止。
由于杨绛不断的督促，替我挡了
许多事，省出时间来，得以锱铢积累地写完。
照例这本书该献给她。
不过，近来觉得献书也像“致身于国”、
“还政于民”等等佳话，只是语言幻成的空
花泡影，名说交付出去，其实只仿佛魔术家
玩的飞刀，放手而并没有脱手。
随你怎样把
作品奉献给人，作品总是作者自己的。
大不
了一本书，还不值得这样精巧地不老实，因
此罢了。
三十五年（一九四六年）十二月十五日
Chapter1第一章
TheREDSEAhadlongsincebeencrossed,andtheship
wasnowonitswayovertheIndianOcean;butasalways
thesunmercilesslyroseearlyandsetlate,encroaching
uponthebetterpartofthenight.Thenight,likepaper
soakedinoil,hadbecometranslucent.Lockedinthe
embraceofthesun,thenight’sownformwasindiscernible.
Perhapsithadbecomeintoxicatedbythesun,whichwould
explainwhythenightskyremainedflushedlongafterthe
gradualfadingoftherosysunset.Bythetimetheruddiness
dissipatedandthenightitselfawokefromitsstupor,the
passengersintheircabinshadawakened,glisteningwith
sweat;afterbathing,theyhurriedoutondecktocatchthe
oceanbreeze.Anotherdayhadbegun.
ItwastowardtheendofJuly,equivalenttothe
“san-fu”periodofthelunarcalendar-thehottestdaysofthe
year.InChinatheheatwasevenmoreoppressivethan
usual.Latereveryoneagreedtheunusualheatwasa
portentoftroopsandarms,foritwasthetwenty-sixthyear
oftheRepublic（1937）.
TheFrenchliner,theVicomtedeBragelonne,wason
itswaytoChina.Sometimeaftereightinthemorning,the
third-classdeck,stilldampfromswabbing,Jewishrefugees
fromGermany,theIndians,theVietnamese,andneedless
tosay,theChinese.
Theoceanbreezecarriedwithitanaridheat;the
scorchingwindblewdrythebodiesoffatpeopleand
coveredthemwithafrostylayerofsaltcongealedwith
sweat,asthoughfreshfromabathintheDeadSeain
Palestine.Still,itwasearlymorning,andpeople’shigh
spiritshadnotyetwitheredorturnedlimpundertheglare
ofthesun.Theytalkedandbustledaboutwithgreatzest.
TheFrenchmen,newlycommissionedtoserveas
policemeninVietnamorintheFrenchConcessioninChina,
hadgatheredaroundandwereflirtingwithacoquettish
youngJewishwoman.Bismarckonceremarkedthatwhat
distinguishedFrenchambassadorsandministerswasthat
theycouldn’tspeakawordofanyforeignlanguage,but
thesepolicemen,althoughtheydidnotunderstandany
German,managedtogettheirmeaningacrosswellenough
toprovokegigglesfromtheJewishwoman,thusproving
themselvesfarsuperiortotheirdiplomats.Thewoman’s
红海早过了，船在印度洋面上开驶着，
但是太阳依然不饶人地迟落早起，侵占去大
部分的夜。
夜仿佛纸浸了油变成半透明体；
它给太阳拥抱住了，分不出身来，也许是给
太阳陶醉了，所以夕照晚霞褪后的夜色也带
着酡红。
到红消醉醒，船舱里的睡人也一身
腻汗地醒来，洗了澡赶到甲板上吹海风，又
是一天开始。
这是七月下旬，合中国旧历的三伏，一
年最热的时候。
在中国热得更比常年利害，
事后大家都说是兵戈之象，因为这就是民国
二十六年【一九三七年】。
这条法国邮船白拉日隆子爵号（Vicomte
deBragelonne）正向中国开来。
早晨八点多
钟，冲洗过的三等舱甲板湿意未干，但已坐
满了人，法国人、德国流亡出来的犹太人、
印度人、安南人，不用说还有中国人。
海风里早含着燥热，胖人身体给炎风吹
干了，上一层汗结的盐霜，仿佛刚在巴勒斯
坦的死海里洗过澡。
毕竟是清晨，人的兴致
还没给太阳晒萎，烘懒，说话做事都很起劲。
那几个新派到安南或中国租界当警察的
法国人，正围了那年轻善撒娇的犹太女人在
调情。
俾斯麦曾说过，法国公使大使的特点，
就是一句外国话不会讲；这几位警察并不懂
德文，居然传情达意，引得犹太女人格格地
笑，比他们的外交官强多了。
这女人的漂亮
丈夫，在旁顾而乐之，因为他几天来，香烟、
啤酒、柠檬水沾光了不少。
handsomehusband,whowasstandingnearby,watched
withpleasure,sinceforthelastfewdayshehadbeen
enjoyingthelargequantitiesofcigarettes,beer,and
lemonadethathadbeencominghisway.
OncetheRedSeawaspassed,nolongerwastherefear
oftheintenseheatignitingafire,so,besidestheusualfruit
peelings,scrapsofpaper,bottlecaps,andcigarettebutts
wereeverywhere.
TheFrencharefamousfortheclarityoftheirthought
andthelucidnessoftheirprose,yetinwhatevertheydo,
theyneverfailtobringchaos,filth,andhubbub,aswitness
themessonboardtheship.Relyingonman’singenuityand
entrustedwithhishopes,butloadedwithhisclutter,the
shipsailedalongamidstthenoiseandbustle;eachminute
itreturnedonesmallstretchofwater,pollutedwiththe
smellofman,backtotheindifferent,boundless,and
never-endingocean.
EachsummerasusualabatchofChinesestudents
werereturninghomeaftercompletingtheirstudiesabroad,
andaboutadozenofthemwereaboard.Mostwereyoung
peoplewhohadnotasyetfoundemployment;theywere
hasteningbacktoChinaatthestartofthesummervacation
tohavemoretimetolookforjobs.Thosewhohadno
worriesaboutjobswouldwaituntilthecoolautumnbefore
sailingleisurelytowardhome.
Althoughsomeofthoseonboardhadbeenstudentsin
France,theothers,whohadbeenstudyinginEngland,
Germany,andBelgium,hadgonetoParistogainmore
experienceofnightlifebeforetakingaFrenchshiphome.
Meetingatafarcorneroftheearth,theybecamegood
friendsatonce,discussingtheforeignthreatsandinternal
turmoiloftheirmotherland,wishingtheycouldreturn
immediatelytoserveher.
Theshipmovedeversoslowly,whilehomesickness
welledupineveryone’sheartandyearnedforrelease.Then
suddenlyfromheavenknowswhereappearedtwosetsof
mahjong,theChinesenationalpastime,saidtobepopular
inAmericaaswell.Thus,playingmahjongnotonlyhada
down-homeflavortoitbutwasalsointunewithworld
trends.Asluckwouldhaveit,thereweremorethanenough
peopletosetuptwotablesofmahjong.So,exceptfor
eatingandsleeping,theyspenttheirentiretimegambling.
Breakfastwasnosooneroverthandowninthedining
roomthefirstroundofmahjongwastobegin.Upondeck
红海已过，不怕热极引火，所以等一会
甲板上零星果皮、纸片、瓶塞之外，香烟头
定又遍处皆是。
法国人的思想是有名的清楚，他的文章
也明白干净，但是他的做事，无不混乱、肮
脏、喧哗，但看这船上的乱糟糟。
这船，倚
仗人的机巧，载满人的扰攘，寄满人的希望，
热闹地行着，每分钟把沾污了人气的一小方
水面，还给那无情、无尽、无际的大海。
照例每年夏天有一批中国留学生学成回
国。
这船上也有十来个人。
大多数是职业尚
无着落的青年，赶在暑假初回中国，可以从
容找事。
那些不愁没事的学生要到秋凉才慢
慢地肯动身回国。
船上这几位，有在法国留学的，有在英
国、德国、比国等读书，到巴黎去增长夜生
活经验，因此也坐法国船的，他们天涯相遇，
一见如故，谈起外患内乱的祖国，都恨不得
立刻就回去为它服务。
船走得这样慢，大家一片乡心，正愁无
处寄托，不知哪里忽来了两副麻将牌。
麻将
当然是国技，又听说在美国风行；打牌不但
有故乡风味，并且适合世界潮流。
妙得很，
人数可凑成两桌而有余，所以除掉吃饭睡觉
以外，他们成天赌钱消遣。
早餐刚过，下面餐室里已忙打第一圈牌，
甲板上只看得见两个中国女人，一个算不得
weretwoChinesewomenandonetoddler,whodidn’t
countasafullperson—atleasttheship’scompanydidnot
considerhimasoneandhadnotmadehisparentsbuya
ticketforhim.
Theyoungerwoman,wearingsunglassesandwitha
novelspreadonherlap,waselegantlydressed.Herskin
wouldbeconsideredfairamongOrientals,but
unfortunatelyitlookedstaleanddry;andeventhoughshe
worealightlipstick,herlipswerealittletoothin.Whenshe
removedhersunglasses,sheexposeddelicateeyesand
eyebrows,andwhensherosefromthecanvasloungechair,
onecouldseehowslightshewas.Moreover,theoutlineof
herfigurewasperhapstoosharp,asifithadbeendrawn
withasquare-nibbedpen.Shecouldbetwenty-fiveor
twenty-six,butthenageofmodernwomenislikethe
birthdatestraditionalwomenusedtolistontheirmarriage
cards,whoseauthenticationrequiredwhattheexpertscall
externalevidence,sincetheymeantnothinginandby
themselves.
Thetoddler'smother,alreadyinherthirties,was
wearinganoldblackchiffonChinesedress;afacemarked
bytoilandweariness,herslantingdownwardeyebrows
madeherlookevenmoremiserable.
Herson,notyettwoyearsold,hadasnubnose,two
slantedslitsforeyes,andeyebrowssohighupand
removedfromtheeyesthattheeyebrowsandtheeyes
musthavepinedforeachother-alivingreplicaofthe
Chinesefaceinnewspapercaricatures.
Thetoddlerhadjustlearnedtowalk,andheranabout
incessantly.Hismotherheldhimbyaleatherleashsothat
hecouldnotrunmorethanthreeorfourstepswithout
gettingyankedback.Botheredbytheheat,tired,and
irritablefrompulling,themother,whosethoughtswereon
herhusbandwhowasgamblingdownbelow,constantly
scoldedhersonforbeinganuisance.
Thechild,restrictedinhismovements,turnedand
dashedtowardtheyoungwomanreadingthebook.
Ordinarilytheyoungwomanhadaratherconcited,aloof
expression,muchlikethatofaneglectedguestatalarge
partyoranunmarriedmaidenataweddingfeast.Atthat
momentherdistasteforthechildsurfacedsomuchsothat
notevenhersunglassescouldhideit.
Sensingallthat,thechild'smotherapologetically
pulledatthestrapandsaid,"Younaughtychilddisturbing
人的小孩子——至少船公司没当他是人，没
要他父母为他补买船票。
那个戴太阳眼镜、身上摊本小说的女人，
衣服极斯文讲究。
皮肤在东方人里，要算得
白，可惜这白色不顶新鲜，带些干滞。
她去
掉了黑眼镜，眉清目秀，只是嘴唇嫌薄，擦
了口红还不够丰厚。
升级会员 