教案外研版选修8Module 5Section Ⅴ.docx

教案外研版选修8Module 5Section Ⅴ.docx

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教案外研版选修8Module5SectionⅤ

　　　[技法指导]

新闻报道的结构一般分为四个部分：

标题、导语、主体和结语。

在写新闻报道时，要注意以下几点：

1．新闻的标题必须语言简练，有较强的吸引力。

2．写作依据的材料要充分，要用事实来说话，语言力求简洁。

3．报道中要有亮点，能引人深思或能让人产生强烈的兴趣。

黄金表达：

教你如何营造亮点

1．Itisreportedthat58peoplewerekilledintheearthquake,including22malesand36females.

2．Witnessessaidthefirelastedforfourhours.

3．Inmyopinion,measuresshouldbetakenbythegovernmenttosetupvariousschoolsandcollegestomeettheneedsofpeople.

4．Furtherdetailsofwhathappenedarestillunclear.

5．AbigfirebrokeoutintheforestinthesouthwestofAmericaonApril5.

6．“SavingtheEarth”conferencecametoacloselastSaturday.

7．Thewholenationwasshockedatthenews.

8．Theconferenceurgesthegovernmentofallcountriestotakenecessarymeasurestogetridofpollution.

[写作规范]

[题目要求]

请给一家报纸写一篇新闻报道，以“GreatChangesinMyHometown”为题目，介绍在你的家乡发生的一些变化。

要求：

词数：

100左右。

GreatChangesinMyHometown

[三步作文法]

第一步：

搜索词汇

1．发生　　　　　　　　　take_place

2．过着艰苦的生活live_a_hard_life

3．由于because_of/owing_to/thanks_to

4．挣钱earn/bring_in_money

5．以……为骄傲be_proud_of/take_pride_in

第二步：

由词造句

1．完成句子

①大部分人是农民。

Mostpeoplewere_peasants.

②他们过着艰苦的生活。

Theylived_a_hard_life.

③这儿的人们能挣很多钱。

Peopleherehave_brought_in_much_money.

④很多人有了私家车。

Manypeoplehave_private_cars_to_drive.

2．句式升级

⑤用定语从句连接①②句

Most_people_were_peasants_who_lived_a_hard_life.

⑥用so...that...句型连接③④句

People_here_have_brought_in_so_much_money_that_many_people_have_private_cars_to_drive.

第三步：

连句成篇

GreatChangesinMyHometown

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttwentyyears.

Twentyyearsago,myhometownwasjustasmall,oldandpoortown.Therewerefewfactories.Mostpeoplewerepeasantswholivedahardlife.However,nowadays,thankstoourcountry'sreformpolicy,people'slivingconditionshaveimprovedalot.Peopleherehavebroughtinsomuchmoneythatmanypeoplehaveprivatecarstodriveandadvancedmobilephonestomakecalls.Theyliveinnewlybuiltdepartmentswithcomputers,fashionablefurnitureandsoon.

Asamemberofoursociety,Iamproudofthesechanges.Ihopemyhometownwillbecomemoreandmorebeautiful.

[对应学生课下能力提升（二十）]

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Boredwithyourlife?

Dreamingofsomethingdifferent?

Ialwayswonderwhatlifewouldbelike400kmabovemyhead.That'swheretheInternationalSpaceStationorbitstheearth,withsixastronautslivingandworkingonboard,formonthsatatime.

Howdotheysleep?

Theyspendthenightfloatinginasleepingbaginsideasmallcubicle（小隔间）ontheceiling.AmericanastronautSunitaWilliamsexplains,“It'slikealittlephonebooth,butit'sprettycomfortableanditdoesn'tmatterifIturnoverandsleepupsidedown.Idon'thaveanysensation（感觉）inmyheadthattellsmeI'mupsidedown.”

Brushingyourteethinaplacewhereyoucan'thaveataporasinkcanbeachallenge.Canyouimaginethemessthatrunningwaterwouldmakeinzerogravity?

CanadianastronautChrisHadfieldusesastrawtoputabigblob（一滴）ofwaterfromasealedbagontoanordinarytoothbrushandaddsalittletoothpastewhichhehastoswallowwhenhe'sdone.

Dailyexerciseisessential.Thelackofgravitymakesbonesmorefragileandmuscleslosestrength—soastronautsareencouragedtoworkoutforatleasttwohoursaday.

TheroleofastronautsintheInternationalSpaceStationistoactaslabtechniciansforscientistsbackonearth.SotheyspendtheirtimemaintainingtheirenvironmentandperformingandmonitoringexperimentsinaconfinedspaceaboutthesizeofaBoeing747.Almosteverytaskiscarefullyplannedbymissioncontrol—althoughmostastronautsspendtheirfirstdayslosingthingsuntiltheygetusedtostickingeverythingtheyusetothewallswithVelcro,ducttape（强力胶带）orclips（夹子）．

Oneoftheirmostvaluedperks（额外待遇）istheviewfrom“theoffice”，dominatedbythatgiganticblueballdownthere,sittinginthedarknessofspace.Wow!

Absolutelybreathtaking!

1．Whentheysleepupsidedown,theastronautswillnotgetdizzybecause________.

A．theydon'tfeelit

B．theysleepinthedaytime

C．theysleepinspecialsleepingbags

D．theyaretrainedtoadapttotheconditionsofweightlessness

解析：

选A　细节理解题。

根据第二段的“AmericanastronautSunitaWilliamsexplains,‘It'slikealittlephonebooth,butit'sprettycomfortableanditdoesn'tmatterifIturnoverandsleepupsidedown.Idon'thaveanysensation（感觉）inmyheadthattellsmeI'mupsidedown.’”可知，宇航员倒着睡不会晕是因为大脑并没有感知到这种颠倒的行为，故选A。

2．Whymayastronautslosethings?

A．Becausetheyalwaysforgetwheretheyputtheirthings.

B．Becauseinzerogravity,everythingthatisnotstuckdownfloats.

C．Becausetheyaresobusythattheydon'thaveenoughtimetoputtheirthingsaway.

D．Becauseinaspacestation,therearen'tenoughplacesforastronautstostoretheirthings.

解析：

选B　推理判断题。

根据第二段的第二句“Theyspendthenightfloatinginasleepingbaginsideasmallcubicle（小隔间）ontheceiling”和第三段的第二句“Canyouimaginethemessthatrunningwaterwouldmakeinzerogravity”以及第五段的最后一句“Almosteverytaskiscarefullyplannedbymissioncontrol—althoughmostastronautsspendtheirfirstdayslosingthingsuntiltheygetusedtostickingeverythingtheyusetothewallswithVelcro,ducttape（强力胶带）orclips（夹子）”可知，在失重状态下没有被固定的东西会飘浮起来以至于会丢失，故选B。

3．Whatpartsbecomeweakifastronautsdon'texercise?

A．Theirteethandbones.

B．Theirbrainsandbones.

C．Theirteethandmuscles.

D．Theirbonesandmuscles.

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据第四段第二句中的“Thelackofgravitymakesbonesmorefragileandmuscleslosestrength”可知，宇航员不锻炼的话，他们的肌肉和骨头会变得虚弱。

4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．TheProblemsWeMetinSpace

B．HowtoBecomeanAstronaut

C．LivingandWorkinginSpace

D．TheInternationalSpaceStation

解析：

选C　标题归纳题。

根据第一段和全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲的是太空中宇航员的生活和工作情况，故选C。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

6TipsforHealthy,WhiteTeeth

·Goonawhiteteethdiet.Ifyou'requaffing（畅饮）redwineandblacktea,orsmokingcigarettes,expecttheresultstoshowupasnotsopearlywhites.

·Throwawayyourtoothbrushorelectrictoothbrushheadeverytwotothreemonths.__1__AccordingtodentistHaroldKatz,thebestwaytobrushisbyplacingyourtoothbrushata45degreeangleagainstyourgums（牙龈）andgentlymovingitinacircularmotion.Gripthetoothbrushlikeapencilsoyouwon'tscrub（刷洗）toohard.

·Useatonguescraper（刮刀）everymorningtoremovetongueplaque（舌斑）andfreshenbreath.Onecauseofbadbreathisthebuildupofbacteriaonthetongue,whichadailytonguescrapingwillhelpbanish（消除）.__2__

·Eat“detergent（清洁剂）”foodsthatarefirmorcrisptohelpcleanteethasyoumunch（咀嚼）．__3__Forbestresults,make“detergent”foodsthefinalfoodyoueatinyourmealifyouknowyouwon'tbeabletobrushyourteethaftereating.

·Stayfresh.Checkbylicking（舔）yourpalmandsmellingitwhileit'swet.Ifyousmellsomething,it'stimeforasugarfreebreathmint（薄荷）.Shoppingformouthwash?

__4__Mouthwasheswithtoomuchalcoholcandryoutmouthtissue,makingitmoreprone（易于）tobacteria.

·Brushingyourteethfirstandlastarethetwomostcrucialtimesoftheday,assaliva（唾液）whichkeepsplaqueoffteeth,driesupatnight,soit'sbesttohaveallplaquecleanedofftheteethbeforesleep.__5__

A．Makesureit'salcoholfree.

B．Applesaregood,asarerawcarrots,celeryandpopcorn.

C．Otherwise,you'rejusttransferringbacteriatoyourmouth.

D．However,thebacteriawon'tbestayingonthetopofyourtongue.

E．It'smoreeffectivethanbrushingyourtonguewithatoothbrushtoo.

F．Whenyousleepwithoutbacteriainyourmouth,youwillfeelmuchbetter.

G．It'salsoimportanttobrushfirstinthemorningtoremoveplaqueandbacteriabuiltupasyouslept.

1．解析：

选C　根据此空前的“Throwawayyourtoothbrush...everytwotothreemonths.”可知，每隔两到三个月要换一次牙刷，本空应说明这样做的原因。

C项（否则你就是在把细菌转移到嘴巴里。

符合语境。

）

2．解析：

选E　根据空前的“Onecauseofbadbreath...,whichadailytonguescrapingwillhelpbanish（清除）．”可知，刮舌板有助于有效清除舌头上堆积的细菌，故此处描述的是刮舌板的益处。

E项意为“这比用牙刷刷你的舌面更加有效”，符合上下文逻辑。

其中it指代Useatonguescrapereverymorning...这件事。

3．解析：

选B　根据空前建议吃有清洁作用的硬的或脆的食物，边咀嚼边清洗牙齿可知，此段应涉及所吃的食物。

只有B项中出现了食物。

故选B项。

4．解析：

选A　根据本空后的“Mouthwasheswithtoomuchalcoholcandryoutmouthtissue...”可知，此处应是建议使用不含酒精的漱口水。

故选A项。

5．解析：

选G　根据最后一段，建议起床后第一件事和睡觉前最后一件事是刷牙，以及本空前描述要在睡觉前刷牙可知，此处应该是早晨起来也要刷牙。

G项意为“同样重要的是早晨起来先刷牙，以此来清除夜间睡觉堆积起来的牙菌斑和细菌”，符合逻辑。

故选G项。

Ⅲ.完形填空

Yearsago,feelingtiredandfrustrated，Ibegantodoubtwhetherteachingwasworthitanymore.__1__，aridiculousmomentinclasslitmywayoutofthedarkness.

Iwasteachingachemistrylesson,andthestudentswere__2__aboutworkingwithalcohollamps.Butagirlcouldn'tgetherwick（灯芯）toburn.Shewasoneofthekidswhoalwaysseemtobethe__3__onepickedfortheteam,whoappearedtohave__4__thatshecouldneverbespecial.

NormallyIdonotinterferewithscienceprojects,because__5__canbepartofthelearningprocess.Yetthiswassimplyamatteroffaultyequipment；thewickwasnotas__6__asitshouldhavebeen.Ineededto__7__.

Thegirlhadtearsinhereyes,andIfelt__8__ofmyselfforeverhavingfeltlikegivingup.Forthatonemoment,theonlythingthat__9__tomewasthatthisgirlshouldhaveasuccessfulexperiment.Shewasgoingtogohomethatdaywitha__10__onherface.Ibentoverheralcohollamp,andwithalongkitchenmatchtriedtoreachthewick.Iwasso__11__tothematchthatIcouldfeeltheflame.Finallythewickcaughtfire,andIlookeduptriumphantly（得意扬扬地）,__12__thesmileonthegirl'sface.

__13__，shetookonelookatmeandbeganscreaminginfear.Ididnotunderstandwhythekidswereallpointingatme__14__Irealizedthattheflamehadlitmyhair.Severalkidsrantomeand__15__atmyhead.Talkaboutadreamcometrue—theygottohittheirteacherontheheadandsaytheywere__16__her.