北京天坛英文导游词Word格式.docx
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(Afterself-introduction)preservedculturalheritagesofChina。
Therearebasicallytwokindsofvisitorswhocomehere:
localpension
erswhodoexerciseshereinthemorningandeveningandsightseersbot
hfromhomeandabroad。
Allinall,thereare12millionvisitorsveryyear。
Nowwearegoingtogoalongtheroutethatleadstothealter。
Itwilltakeroughlyonehour。
Mindyou,theemperoralsowalkedalongthisroutetopaytributetotheGodofHea
ven。
(AlongtheSouthernSacredRoadleadingtotheCircularMoundAltar)
ThelargestgroupofarchitecturesevertobededicatedtoHeaven,theTempleofHeavenservedasanexclusivealtarforChinesemonarchs
duringtheMingandQingdynasties。
ItwasdecreedthatrulersofsuccessivedynastieswouldplacealtarsintheirowncapitalstoworshipHeavenandprayforgoodharvest。
Butwhy?
TheancientChinesebelievedthatHeavenwasthesupremeruleroftheu
niverseandthefateofmankind,andthusworshipingritesdedicatedtoHeavencameintobeing。
TheHeaventheancientChinesereferredtowasactuallytheUniverse,ornature。
Inthosedays,therewerespecificritesofworship。
ThiswasespeciallytrueduringtheMingandQingdynastieswhenelabo
rateceremonieswereheld。
TheTempleofHeavenwasbuiltin1420duringthereignofEmperorYongl
eoftheMingDynasty。
Situatedinthesouthernpartofthecity,thisgrandsetofstructurescoversanareaof273hectares。
Tobettersymbolizeheavenandearth,thenorthernpartoftheTempleiscircularwhilethesouthernpartiss
quare。
Thewholecompoundisenclosedbytwowalls,asquarewalloutsidearoundone。
Theouterareaischaracterizedbysuburbanscenery,whiletheinnerpartisusedforsacrifices。
TheinnerenclosureconsistsoftheHallofPrayerforGoodHarvestand
(AlongtheImperialPassageleadingfromtheSouthernLatticeStarGa
teinfrontoftheCircularMoundAltar)
TheCircularMoundAltarisenclosedbytwowalls,eachcontainingfourgroupsofSouthernLatticeStarGate,eachinturnconsistingofthreedoors,with24marbledoorsaltogether。
Standingonthepassagefacingnorth,youwillnoticethatwitheachpairofdoorsonisnarrowerthantheothe
r。
Thisreflectsthefeudalhierarchy:
thewiderdoorwasreservedformo
narchs,whilethenarroweronewasusedbycourtiers。
Onthedayoftheceremony,theemperorwoulddonhisritualcostumeandbeusheredinbytheoffici
alinchargeofreligiousaffairs。
Heascendedthethreeterracesintheforefronttopaytributeattheal
ter。
(AtoptheCircularMoundAlter)
wearenowonthetopterraceoftheAltar,orthethirdterrace。
Eachterracehasaflightof9steps。
Atthecenterofthisterraceliesaroundstonesurroundedby9steps。
Atthecenterofthisterraceliesaroundstonesurroundedby9concentricringsofstone。
Thenumberofstonesinthefirstringis9,inthesecond,18,upto81inthe9thring。
Eventhenumberofcarvedbalustradesontheseterracesisamultipleof9。
Butwhy?