版高考英语一轮总复习题型重组专题练7阅读理解科技类完形说明文.docx
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版高考英语一轮总复习题型重组专题练7阅读理解科技类完形说明文
题型重组专题练七
（阅读：
科技类；完形：
说明文）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2020·青岛市统一考试）Inacomputerage,abroadbandInternet
connectionisverypopularnow.Whethercableormobilebroadband,today's
connectionsaremanytimesfasterthanthoseintheearlydays.Videosplay
smoothly,complexwebsitesloadquickly,andfilesdownloadmuchfasterthan
tenyearsago.Andthefilesaremuchbiggertoo.
There'sahiddenproblem：
youhavetolivenearenoughtoamajorcity
togetbroadbandInternet.Ifyoudon't,it'sslowdial-upaccessforyou.
Andforthoselivingreallyfaraway，theremaybenoInternetaccessatall.
Technologyexpertsoftentalkaboutthe“lastmile”problem,which
referstothedifficultyofbringingInternetaccesstoremotelocations.
Incitiesandsuburbs（郊区）,it'srelativelyeasytoprovideaccessfor
everyone.Itismuchmoredifficulttodeliveraccesstothoselivingfar
fromcities，especiallyindevelopingcountries.Internetserviceproviders，
fortheirpart，havebeenreluctanttoprovideaccesstosparsely（稀少地）
populatedareas.ThehandfulofInternetuserstheywouldreachwouldn't
covertheexpense.
Buteveryyear，technologicaladvancementsallowofmoreandmore
Internetusers.MostbroadbandconnectionstodayrunoverexistingcableTV
andtelephonelinesalthoughthesetechnologiesaren'tavailableeverywhere.
SomecompanieshavedeliveredtheInternetoverstandardpower
lines.Advancementsincheaperandmoreefficientfiber-opticcables（光
缆）promisetobringextremelyfastInternetconnectionstomoreusers.Still,
the“lastmile”problemremainshardtodealwith.Therewillalwaysbesomewherethatdoesn'thaveanaffordablebroadbandconnection.Butsomedaythatmightnotmatter.Iftherapidprogressincellphonetechnologyhasanyindication,itmaynotbetoolongbeforeanInternetconnection
simplyfollowsyouwhereveryougo.
【答案速查】1－4CDBA
【语篇解读】现在互联网发展快速，这使得愈来愈多的人能够用上网络。
但
是在偏僻地域，互联网的接入仍旧是个问题，文章就怎样解决这一问题给出了说明。
1．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A．Internetconnectionshavebeenpopulareverywhere.
B．Internetserviceprovidersarewillingtocareaboutruralcustomers.
C．TheproblemofInternetaccesshasn'tbeencompletelydealtwith.
D．Computerscan'tbecomepopularindevelopingcountries.
【分析】正误判断题。
依据第二段“There'sahiddenproblem：
youhaveto
livenearenoughtoamajorcitytogetbroadbandInternet.Ifyoudon't,it's
slowdial-upaccessforyou.Andforthoselivingreallyfaraway，theremay
benoInternetaccessatall.”可知，离大城市较远的地域有可能根本没法使用
互联网，即互联网的接入问题还没有完整获得解决，应选
C项。
【答案】C
2．Paragraph4mainlytellsusthattechnological
A．makeTVandtelephoneavailableeverywhere
B．bringgreatchangetopeople'severydaylife
C．bringfasterInternetconnectionstousers
D．makeitpossibleformorepeopletousetheInternet
advancements________.
【分析】
细节理解题。
依据第四段的第一句“
Buteveryyear，technological
advancementsallow
ofmoreandmoreInternetusers.
”可知，科技的进步使得
愈来愈多的人能够使用互联网，应选
D项。
【答案】
D
3．Whatmayeventuallysettlethe“lastmile
A．Thebroadbandconnection'sgettingfaster.
B．Therapidprogressincellphonetechnology.
C．MoreandmoreInternetconnections.
D．MoreandmoreInternetusers.
”
problem?
【分析】细节理解题。
依据最后一段的最后一句“Iftherapidprogressin
cellphonetechnologyhasanyindication，itmaynotbetoolongbeforean
Internetconnectionsimplyfollowsyouwhereveryougo.”可知，假如手机科
技的飞快进步有任何的迹象，那就不用太久，互联网的接入就将随着你就任何地方，
应选
B项。
【答案】B
4．Thebesttitleforthispassagemaybe
A．InternetConnectionProblems
B．InternetConnectionsNeedImproving
C．ProgressinInternetConnections
D．InternetConnectionsToday
“________”．
【分析】要旨粗心题。
文章叙述了在因特网快速发展的今日，也存在问题，
即部分偏僻地域还不可以使用互联网，最后介绍了怎样解决这一问题，故A项“因特
网连结问题”最合适作文章标题。
【答案】
A
B
（2020·西宁三校联考）Sincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingfor
waystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Brain-computerinterface（BCI）
technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.
Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMillanandMicheleTavellafromthe
FederalPolytechnicSchoolinLausanne,Switzerland,demonstrated（展现）a
smallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyaperson'sthoughts.
Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingabout
movinghisleftorrighthand.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicle
andguideditwithhisthoughts.
“Ourbrainhasbillions
ofnerve
cells.
Thesesendsignals
through
the
spinalcord（脊髓）tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomove.Butspinal
cordinjuries
or
other
conditions
canprevent
theseweakelectrical
signals
fromreachingthemuscles.
”Tavellasays.
“Oursystemallowsdisabled
peopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.
”
Theresearchers
designedaspecial
capfor
theuser.Thisheadcoverpicks
upthesignals
fromthescalp（头皮）andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputer
interprets
the
signals
andcommandsthe
motorizedwheelchair.The
wheelchair
alsohastwocamerasthatidentify
objects
in
its
path.
Theyhelp
thecomputer
reacttocommandsfromthebrain.
Prof.
Millan,
the
teamleader,
says
scientists
keepimproving
the
computersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimple
commands.“The
practical
possibilities
that
BCI
technology
offers
to
disabled
people
canbegrouped
in
two
categories
：
communication，and
controllingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.
”
Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatients,
soasto
prove
that
this
is
atechnology
they
canbenefitfrom.And
theother
istoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime.
【答案速查】5－8DCBC
【语篇解读】本文是一篇科技说明文。
为了帮助残疾人用大脑去控制机器，
科学家们正在致力于研发BCI技术。
5．HowdidTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?
A．Bycontrollinghismuscles.
B．Bytalkingtothemachine.
C．Bymovinghishand.
D．Byusinghismind.
【分析】细节理解题。
依据第三段“Inthelaboratory，Tavellaoperated
thewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.Hecould
eventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.”可
知，在实验室，Tavella经过大脑里挪动他的左右手的想法就能操作这个轮椅。
他
甚至还可以一边看着轮椅并用他的思想指示轮椅，一边和他人谈话。
所以Tavella是
利用自己的思想来操作轮椅的。
应选D。
【答案】D
6．WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?
A．scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair
B．computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
C．scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair
D．cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair
【分析】细节理解题。
依据第五段内容“Theresearchersdesignedaspecial
capfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp（andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignals
头皮）
andcommands
themotorizedwheelchair...”可知，研究人员为用户设计了一种特别的帽子，它
会接收来自头皮的信号并将其传给电脑。
电脑会解读这些信号，并指挥灵活轮椅。
应选
C。
【答案】C
7．Theteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto________.
A．makeprofitsfromthem
B．provethetechnologyusefultothem
C．makethemlivelonger
D．learnabouttheirphysicalcondition
【分析】细节理解题。
依据最后一段第二句“Oneistestingwithreal
patients，soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.
”
可知，在病人身长进行实验是他们团队工作的一个目标，以便证明这项技术对广大
病人实用。
应选B。
【答案】B
8．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A．Switzerland,theBCIResearchCenter
B．NewFindingsaboutHowtheHumanBrainWorks
C．BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabled
D．RoboticVehiclesCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuries
【分析】标题归纳题。
依据第一段内容“Sincethe1970s，scientistshave
beensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Brain-computer
interface（BCI）technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommands
tomachines.”及下文介绍的近来的一项新发明可知，本文开篇点题，介绍了科学家研究的新技术BCI对残疾人大有裨益。
应选C。
【答案】
C
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2020·石家庄一模）Communication
is
animportant
part
of
any
relationship.Many
of
usare
__1__to
share
our
experiences
or
emotions
with
our
friends.
But
whenit's
ourturn
tolend
a（n）
__2__，wesoonbecomebored
orareshortofideasonhowto__3__andofferadvice.
That'sbecauseof
whatresearchers
call
“listener
burnout
（精疲力竭）”.
Afriendmighttalktous__4__
，oftencomplainingaboutthesame__5__
problems.Whenweofferquickadvice
to
__6__thesituation,we
may
be
unconsciously
trying
to
__7__
ourselves
from
burnout.However,
good
listeners__8__theirnaturaltendencytosolvetheother's
problems
hurriedly
and
tokeeptheconversationbrief.
Tobeagood__9__，
youneedtouse
“activelistening
”.Itstarts
withthereal__10__tohelpothersandthinkthroughtheirfeelings.Don't
__11__things.Youcanstartbyputtingyourphone__12__andsittingclose
to
your
friend.
Let
your
facial
expressions
__13__what
heor
sheis
saying.__14__you
are
able
to
fully
understand,
acknowledgethe
other
person's
__15__byreflecting
themback：
“Thatmustbereally
hardfor
you.”
Use__16__words
orevensoundssuchas“yes”“right”，and“hmm”to
__17__theotherpersontocontinue.
Ofcourse,a__18__canbeextremelyhardiftheotherpersonistoo
critical.But
don't
get
defensive.Effective
listeners
don't
__19__negative
criticism.
Instead,
theylisten
andunderstandwhatthepersonistryingto
convey__20__responding.
【答案速查】1－5DCABB6－10ABDCC
11－15BACAD16－20DCADB
【语篇解读】沟通在人际关系中起侧重要的作用，很多人都愿意和朋友分享
自己的经历或感情，可是怎样做一个善听者呢？
文章对这个问题进行了说明。
1．A.afraidB．hesitant
C．shy
D．eager
【
升级会员 