最新高一英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧.docx

最新高一英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧.docx

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最新高一英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧

最新高一英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Anewstudyhasshownhowcomputersandrobotspoweredbyartificialintelligencecanreadhumaneyemovementsto"read"humanpersonalities.

   Theeyes,theysay,arethewindowstothesoul.Andifthatistrue,computersandrobotspoweredbysophisticated（复杂的）artificialintelligencealgorithms（算法）maysoonhavetheabilitytopeerintoyoursoul.Thatistheresultofanewstudyontheconnectionbetweeneyemovementsandpersonality,conductedbyneuroscienceresearchersbasedattheUniversityofSouthAustraliaandPublishedinthescientificJournalFrontiersinNeuroscience.

   "Eyemovementsduringaneverydaytaskpredictaspectsofourpersonality,"wrotetheresearchers,ledbyUniversityofSouthAustralianeuroscientistTobiasLoetscher,whoseteamfollows42studysubjectsaroundtheuniversitycampusrecordingtheireyemovements,thendeterminestheirpersonalitytraits（特点）with"well-establishedquestionnaires"fordeterminingpersonalitytype,accordingtoasummaryofthestudypublishedbythesiteScienceDaily.

   TheresearchersfedthedataintotheirAlalgorithmsandfoundthatcomputersrunningthealgorithmswereabletorecordhumaneyemovementsandimmediatelydetermineaperson'smajorpersonalitytraits,suchas"neuroticism,extraversion（外向），agreeableness,conscientiousness,aswellasperceptual（感知的）curiosity",thescientistswrote.

   "Thenewfindingscouldimprovethewayhumanbeingsinteractwiththeircomputersandotherhigh-techdevices,evenrobots,allowingformorenaturalandrealisticsocialinteractionswithmachines,"Loetschersaid.

   "Peoplearealwayslookingforimproved,personalizedservices.Today'srobotsandcomputersarenotsociallyawaresotheycannotadapttonon-verbalinformation,"LoetschersaidinastatementquotedbyIndianExpress.Thisresearchprovidesopportunitiestodeveloprobotsandcomputerssothattheycanbecomemorenatural,andbetteratinterpretinghumansocialsignals."

   Thestudyrevealedpreviouslyundiscoveredrelationsbetweenspecificpersonalitycharacteristicsandspecificeyemovementtendencies,accordingtoasummaryinBritain'sDailyMailnewspaper.

（1）Whatdotheunderlinedwords"peerinto"inParagraph2probablymean?

A.understand

B.stareat

C.searchfor

D.concernabout

（2）Howdidtheresearchersconducttheresearch?

A.Itwascarriedoutinalab.

B.42subjects'eyemovementswererecorded.

C.Thestudents'dailymovementsweretracked.

D.Itssubjects'personalitiesweredeterminedbycomputer.

（3）AccordingtoTobiasLoetscher,whatcanweknow?

A.Robotsandcomputersaresociallyconscious.

B.Peoplecarelessaboutimproved,personalizedservices.

C.Today'srobotsandcomputerscanaccustomtonon-verbalinformation.

D.Thediscoverywillimprovetheinteractionbetweenhumanbeingsandmachines.

（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.HumanPersonalityTraits

B.WhatHumanEyeMovementsAre

C.TellPersonalitiesbyEyeMovements.

D.HowHumansandMachinesInteract

【答案】

（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究表明，由人工智能驱动的计算机和机器人可以通过阅读人类的眼球运动来“解读”人类的性格。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Theeyes,theysay,arethewindowstothesoul.”人们说眼睛是心灵的窗户。

可知，划线词组所在句的句意为“如果这是真的，由复杂的人工智能算法驱动的计算机和机器人可能很快就能探究你的灵魂。

”故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“whoseteamfollows42studysubjectsaroundtheuniversitycampusrecordingtheireyemovements,thendeterminestheirpersonalitytraits（特点）with"well-establishedquestionnaires"fordeterminingpersonalitytype,”该研究小组在大学校园内对42名研究对象进行了观察，记录他们的眼球运动，然后用“成熟的问题”来确定他们的性格特征）可知，研究人员通过记录42名研究对象的眼球运动来进行这项研究的。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第六段中的“Thenewfindingscouldimprovethewayhumanbeingsinteractwiththeircomputersandotherhigh-techdevices,evenrobots,allowingformorenaturalandrealisticsocialinteractionswithmachines”这项新发现可能会改善人类与电脑和其他高科技设备，甚至是机器人的互动方式，从而使人类与机器进行更自然、更现实的社会互动成为可能）可知，这一发现将改善人类和机器之间的互动。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一项新的研究发现——由人工智能驱动的计算机和机器人可以通过阅读人类的眼球运动来“解读”人类的性格。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   ExhibitionsintheBritishMuseum

   Hokusai:

beyondtheGreatWave

   KatsushikaHokusai（1760-1849）iswidelyregardedasoneofJapan'smostfamousandinfluentialartists.Heproducedworksofastonishingqualityrightupuntilhisdeathattheageof90.Thisnewexhibitionwillleadyouonanartisticjourneythroughthelast30yearsofHokusai'slife—atimewhenheproducedsomeofhismostmemorablemasterpieces.

   25May—13August2017

   Room35

   Adults￡12,Members/under16sfree

   Placesofthemind:

Britishwatercolourlandscapes1850-1950

   DrawnfromtheBritishMuseum'srichcollection,thisisthefirstexhibitiondevotedtolandscapedrawingsandwatercoloursbyBritishartistsintheVictorianandmoderneras—twohalvesofverydifferentcenturies.

   23February—27August2017

   Room90

   Free,justdropin

   Scythians:

warriorsofancientSiberia

   ThismajorexhibitionexploresthestoryoftheScythians—nomadictribesandmastersofmountedwarfare,whoflourishedbetween900and200BC.TheirencounterswiththeGreeks,AssyriansandPersianswerewrittenintohistorybutforcenturiesalltraceoftheirculturewaslost—buriedbeneaththeice.

   14September2017—14January2018

   Room30

   Adults￡16.50,Members/under16sfree

   Politicsandparadise:

IndianpopularprintsfromtheMoscatelliGift

   ThisdisplayispartoftheMuseum'scontributiontotheIndia-UKYearofCulture2017.ItlooksatthepopularprintcultureofIndiafromthe1880suntilthe1950s.

   19July—3September2017

   Room90a

   Free,justdropin

（1）Ifyouareinterestedindrawingsofnaturalscenery,youwillprobablygoto______.

A. Room35                         

B. Room90                         

C. Room30                         

D. Room90a

（2）WhichexhibitioncanyouattendinOctober2017?

A. Hokusai:

beyondtheGreatWave.                  

B. Scythians:

warriorsofancientSiberia.

C. Placesofthemind:

Britishwatercolourlandscapes1850-1950.         

D. Politicsandparadise:

IndianpopularprintsfromtheMoscatelliGift.

（3）Wherecanwemostprobablyfindthepassage?

A. Inahealthreport.                                            

B. Inastorybook.

C. Inaparentingmagazine.                                 

D. Inatourguide.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）B

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个不同的展览，分别是日本艺术家的杰作，英国水彩风景，希腊历史探索和印度印刷文化。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据 Placesofthemind:

Britishwatercolourlandscapes1850-1950部分中的“thisisthefirstexhibitiondevotedtolandscapedrawingsandwatercolours”以及下段的“Room90”可知，这幅作品是关于自然风光的，在90房间。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据Scythians:

warriorsofancientSiberia部分中的“14September2017—14January2018”，可知在2017年十月份可以去参观“Scythians:

warriorsofancientSiberia”这幅作品。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据短文是对博物馆里的艺术品的介绍，可知这篇文章可能出现在导游杂志里。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Manypeoplehavelongdreamedofbeingabletoflyaroundassimplyasridingabicycle.Yetthesafetyandstrengthofaflyingbikewasalwaysabigproblem.Overthepast10years,developmentsintechnologyhavemovedthedreamofpersonalflyingvehiclesclosertoreality.Now,twogroupsofinventorssaysuchvehiclesmaybeavailablesoon.

   TheBritishcompanyMalloyAeronauticshasdevelopedaprototype（原型）ofitsflyingbicycle.GrantStapleton,marketingsalesdirectorofMalloyAeronautics,saystheHoverbikeisabletogetinandoutofsmallspacesveryquickly."Itcanbemovedacrosscontinentsveryquicklybecauseitcanbefoldedandpacked,"headds.

   Mr.Stapletonsayssafetywasthecompany'smainconcern.Hesaysthedesignerssolvedthesafetyissuebyusingoverlappingrotorstopowerthevehicle.

   Thecompanyistestingafull-sizeprototypeoftheHoverbike,whichwillmostlikelybeusedfirstbythepoliceandemergencyrescueteams.

   InNewZealand,MartinAircraftCompanyisalsotestingafull-sizeprototypeofitspersonalflyingdevice,calledtheJetpack.Itcanflyformorethan30minutes,upto1,000metershighandreachaspeedof74kilometersperhour.

   PeterCokeristheCEOofMartinAircraftCompany.HesaidtheJetpack"isbuiltaroundsafetyfromthestart".Inhiswords,“Reliabilityisthemostimportantelementofit.Wehavesafetybuiltintotheactualstructureitself,verysimilartoaFormulaOneracingcar.

   TheJetpackusesagasoline-poweredenginethatproducestwopowerfuljetstreams.Mr.Cokersaysitalsohasaparachutethatwouldbeused,ifthereshouldbeanemergency."Itstartstoworkatverylowaltitudeandactuallysavesboththeaircraftandthepilot,"headds.Mr.CokersaystheJetpackwillbereadyforsalesoon.

（1）WecanlearnfromthepassagethattheHoverbike       .

A. canhardlygetinandoutofsmallspacesquickly          

B. canflyforover30minutes,uptol,000metershigh

C. hasbeenusedbythepoliceandemergencyrescueteams          

D. canbetransportedquicklyafterbeingfoldedandpacked

（2）PeterCokerusestheexampleofFormulaOneracingcartoshowthat   .

A. theJetpackisverysafeandreliable          

B. theengineoftheJetpackispowerful

C. theactualstructureoftheJetpackisunique          

D. theJetpackcanreachagreatspeedandheight

（3）Theunderlinedword"It"inthelastparagraphrefersto       .

A. thejetstream                

B. theengine                

C. theJetpack.                

D. theparachute

（4）Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?

A. Todescribetheproblemsofinventingflyingvehicles.          

B. Tointroducethelatestdevelopmentofflyingvehicles.

C. Toshowthedifferencesbetweentwoflyi