初中系动词讲解.docx

初中系动词讲解.docx

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初中系动词讲解

系动词

1、考点、热点回顾

系动词，亦称连系动词（LinkVerb）。

作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，亦称补语（形容词），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

分类:

状态系动词;持续系动词;表像系动词；感官系动词;变化系动词;终止系动词

（一）、状态系动词be

用来表示主语性质或状态，只有be一词

E.g.

Heisateacher.

Heisill.（表示主语的状态）

连系动词be后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语：

E.g.

Mydreamistobeascientist.

Allyouhavetodoistolisten.

Myhobbyistoplaybasketball.

（二）、表像系动词

用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem,appear,look,例如：

E.g.

Helookstired.

Heseems（tobe）verysad.

Sheappears18.Butinfact,sheisalready28.

（三）、持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,remain,stay,lie,stand,continue.例如：

E.g.

Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.

Thismatterremainsamystery.

Itcontinued/remainedrainyfordays.

Thesnowlaythickontheground

Therestandsahouseneartheriver.

注意：

（1）表示“仍然处于原来的状态”时，remain和stay可以互换，例如：

Threeofthemremained/stayedsingle.

Shopsshouldremain/stayopentilllaterintheevening.

Thedoorstayed/remainedclosed.

（2）表示“需要设法才能保持某种状态”时，可用keep和stay.后常接的形容词有calm,clean,awake,young,warm,fine等.例如：

Sheknewshemustkeep/staycalm.

Althoughtheyhavemanydifficulties,theykeephappy.

Paulmanagedtokeep/stayawakebydrinkinglotsofstrongblackcoffee.

（四）、感官系动词

感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,look.例如：

Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.　

Thisflowersmellsverysweet.

Themusicsoundsnice.

Thefishtastesgood/delicious.　

（五）、变化系动词

这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.

1.go和come是一对相反的词.

go+adj.表示令人不愉快的事;

come+adj.表示好的事情,还可以接前缀un-的过去分词作表语，表示变化的情况。

goblind/mad/hungry/bad…

cometrue/right/clear/dear/unstuck/untied…

Hisdreamtobeapilothascometrue.

Myshoelaceshavecomeundone.

Shewentblindattheageof8.

2.run后接short,dry,low,deep等形容词,主语为流动性的或能消耗掉的东西。

Theirmoneywasrunningshort.

Thewellhasrundry.

但表语为wild时,主语是人;runwild（放荡不羁）

Don’tletthechildrenrunwild.

3.grow常指逐渐的变化,表示身高、岁数的增长。

Mylittlebrotherhasgrownmuchtallerinthepastyear.

Shegrewthinnerandthinner.

4.turn表示“变得”,指变为与原先不同的情况,通常指颜色和天气等变化。

Theweathersuddenlyturnedmuchhotter.

Herfaceturnedbluewithfear.

5.get“变成,变得…起来”,后可接形容词,分词,介词短语;接不定式时表示“由不…变得”.

Thedaysaregettinglongerandlongerinsummer.

Hegotexcitedaboutit.

Mywatchgetsoutoforder.

6.fall接asleep,silent,quiet等静态形容词和表示疾病的形容词，但不能接形容词的比较级。

WhileIwasdoingmyhomework,mylittlesisterfellasleep.

Shefellillfromcold.

Thenaughtyboyfellsilentsuddenly.

fallapart（散开）fallflat（没效果）

7.become“变成;变为”（好坏均可）,语气正式,且不能用于将来时态,强调结果.表人的身体状况,情绪,天气和社会变化时可与get互换使用.

Hebecamealawyer.

Ibecame/gotinterestedinmath.

Hebecame/gotangrywithme.

Ihopeyouwillbecome/getwell.

注意：

1.become,turn,go,get,fall后面能接名词作表语,其他则不能.turn和go后面的名词不带冠词。

Hisdreamhasbecome/gotareality.

Hehasturnedscientist.

Shehasgoneartist.

Hefellanvictimtocancer.

2.表变化的系动词用于进行时态时，表示逐渐的变化。

Thedaysaregetting/becominglongerandlonger.

Sheisgrowingtobemoreandmorelikehermother.

（六）、终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove,turnout,表达“证实”，“变成”之意，例如：

Therumorproved（tobe）false.

Thesearchproved（tobe）difficult.

Hisplanturnedout（tobe）asuccess.

2、典型例题

1.—WhatisMrWanglike?

　　—____.

　　A.Heisateacher

　　B.Heisoldandkind

　　C.Helookslikeaballoon

　　D.HelikesEnglish

　　2.WhatMrWhitesaidsounds____.

　　A.friendlyB.wonderfullyC.pleasantlyD.nicely

　　3.Thepoorboy____blindattheageofthree.

　　A.turnedB.goesC.becameD.went

　　4.Whenhewasachildhe____.

　　A.grewpatienceB.wasaliveC.ranwildD.cametrue

　　5.Hisvoice____asifhehasacold.

　　A.soundsB.listensC.hearsD.seems

　　6.Thisshirt___asifitismadeofcotton.

　　A.isB.looksC.feelsD.seems

　　7.Helooks___hehadn’thadagoodmealforamonth

　　A.thatB.asifC.whenD.sofar

　　8.It____thathewaslateforthetrain.

　　A.looksB.turnsC.getsD.seems

　　9.Theseapplestaste_____.

　　A.tohegoodB.tobewellC.wellD.good

　　10.—Doyouliketheshirt?

　　—Yes,it____verysoft.

　　A.feelsB.feltC.isfeelingD.isfelt

　　11.ThemomentMrZhangwenttobed,he____asleep

　　A.keptB.gotC.fellD.fall

　　12.WhenIwenthomeyesterday,itwas____dark.

　　A.goingB.gettingC.runningD.coming

　　13.Theirplan____tobeaperfectone.

　　A.provedB.wasprovedC.isprovingD.proving

　　14.Theflowersinthegarden____sweet.

　　A.soundB.tasteC.becomeD.smell

　　15.She____likehermotherincharacter.

　　A.looksB.seemsC.isD.feels

　　16.It____anotherfinedaytomorrow.

　　A.seemsB.promisesC.appearsD.looks

　　17.He____muchyoungerthanhereallyis.

　　A.appearsB.growsC.becomesD.turns

　　18.You____verypale.Doyoufeelsick?

　　A.lookedB.lookC.lookingD.arelooked

　　19.Hiswishtobecomeadriverhas____true.

　　A.turnedB.realizedC.comeD.grown

　　20.Herfather____awriter.

A.turnedB.grewC.hasturnedD.hasbecome

三、课后练习

（一）选择填空

  1.Mybrother____ateacher.He____hispupilsverymuch.

  A.is,like          B.is,likes          C.are,likes        D.are,like

  2.A:

Howmanydays____thereinaweek?

      B:

There____seven.

  A.is,is            B.are,are          C.is,are          D.are,is

  3.I____tiredlastnight.

  A.became        B.felt              C.looked          D.am

  4.Herface____pale（苍白）whensheheardthebadnews.

  A.got            B.is              C.turned          D.was

  5.You____pale.What'swrongwithyou?

  A.turn            B.seem            C.look            D.become

  6.Theboy____illtoday.

  A.are              B.is              C.be              D.am

  7.Which____bigger,thesunorthemoon?

  A.are              B.is              C.be              D.×

  8.NeithershenorI____adoctor.

  A.amnot              B.am              C.are              D.is

  9.I____aworkernextyear.

  A.am              B.willbe          C.be              D.will

  10.Hervoice____likemymother's.

  A.sounds          B.sound          C.looks          D.look

  11.Itoftenrainsandthecrops____fast.

  A.get              B.turn            C.grow          D.become

  12.A:

Howareyou____now?

      B:

Muchbetter,thankyou.

  A.getting              B.feeling          C.making          D.turning

  13.Theteacher'ssmilemademe____better.

  A.feel            B.tofeel          C.feeling          D.felt

  14.MyEnglishteacher____.

  A.alllookyoung                      B.looksyoung

  C.lookyoung                        D.alllooksyoung

  15.I____busynow,butI____freenextweek.

  A.am,am        B.am,will        C.am,willbe      D.being,willbe

  16.I____atthisschoolforabouttwomonths.

  A.am              B.willbe          C.havebeen      D.was

  17.Mybrother____intheLeagueforaboutfiveyears.

  A.havebeen      B.hasbeen        C.was            D.is

  18.Cometomyofficeifyou____freetomorrow.

  A.are              B.willbe          C.was            D.is

  19.Ifwater____heated,itwillbe____intovapour（蒸气）.

  A.was,turned          B.is,turned        C.is.get          D.was,got

  20.Ifyoudon'ttakebackwhatyoujustsaid,Mother____angry.

  A.is              B.willbe          C.get              D.feels

  21.Neitherofus____adoctor.

  A.am              B.are              C.is              D.were

  22.He____afamouswriter.

  A.turns            B.become        C.hasbecome          D.hasturned

  23.Thegirl'sface____red.

  A.turned          B.got              C.feel            D.look

  24.He____veryglad.

  A.looked          B.turned          C.feel            D.looks

  25.Theflowers____fragrant（芳香）.

  A.get              B.smells          C.smell            D.feels

  26.Thetable____verysmooth.

  A.look            B.turn            C.feels            D.smell

  27.Jack____youngerthanTom.

  A.look            B.feel            C.feels            D.looks

  28.Shelooks____.

  A.happy          B.tobehappy      C.happily          D.thatsheishappy

（二）用smell，taste，go，get，become，grow，seem，look，feel，turn的适当形式填空：

  1.You_  _  __veryyoung.

  2.Atfirstthosequestions_  _  __easy,butlaterIfoundthemdifficult.

  3.Afterthesportsmeeting,he_  _  __verytired.

  4.Myyoungerbrother_  _  __astudentlastyear.

  5.Whenwe_  _  __up,we'regoingtohelpbuildupourcountry.

  6.Theflowers_  _  __verysweet.

  7.Herface_  _  __red.

  8.Jack_  _  __veryhappy.

  9.Themooncake_  _  __good.

  10.Themeat_  _  __bad.

（三）把下列各句译成英语

  1.以她的年龄而言，她看起来很年轻。

  2.天色渐黑，咱们回家吧。

  3.他好象匆忙的样子。

  4.为什么他感到悲伤？

  5.我祖母的头发变白了。

  6.约翰成了一名好学生。