1991年GRE考试真题.docx

1991年GRE考试真题.docx

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1991年GRE考试真题

1991年4月GRE考试真题

SECTION1

1.BecausetheyhadexpectedthespacecraftVoyager2tobeabletogatherdataonlyabouttheplanetsJupiterandSaturn,scientistswere-------thewealthofinformationitsentbackfromNeptunetwelveyearsafterleavingEarth.

（A）disappointedin

（B）concernedabout

（C）confidentin

（D）elatedby

（E）anxiousfor

2.Wearingthelatestfashionswasexclusivelythe-------ofthewealthyuntilthe1850's,whenmassproduction,aggressiveentrepreneurs,andtheavailabilityofthesewingmachinemadethem-------themiddleclass.

（A）aspiration..disagreeableto

（B）vexation..superfluousfor

（C）bane..profitableto

（D）prerogative..accessibleto

（E）obligation..popularwith

3.LinguistshavenowconfirmedwhatexperiencedusersofASL-AmericanSignLanguage-havealwaysimplicitlyknown:

ASLisagrammatically-------languageinthatitiscapableofexpressingeverypossiblesyntacticrelation.

（A）limited

（B）economical

（C）complete

（D）shifting

（E）abstract

4.Hewasregardedbyhisfollowers,assomethingof

-------,notonlybecauseofhisinsistenceonstrict

discipline,butalsobecauseofhis-------adherencetoformaldetails.

（A）amartinet..rigid

（B）anauthority..sporadic

（C）atyrant..reluctant

（D）afraud..conscientious

（E）anacolyte..maniacal

5.TheinfluenceoftheTitnaeusamongearlyphilosophicalthinkerswas-------,ifonlybecauseitwasthesoledialogue------inEuropeforalmost1,000years.

（A）pervasive..available

（B）inestimable..suppressed

（C）unnoteworthy..abridged

（D）underestimated..studied

（E）circumscribed..translated

6.TheGibsonswerelittlegivento------inanyform;

notoneofthemwasafraidof-------,ofbeingandseemingunliketheirneighbors.

（A）humility..absurdity

（B）excellence..mediocrity

（C）anger..confrontation

（D）conformism..singularity

（E）ostentation..eccentricity

7.Evenafter-------againstthe-------ofpopularsovereigntywereincluded,majorfiguresinthehumanisticdisciplinesremainedskepticalabouttheproposaltoextendsuffragetothemasses.

（A）recommendations..continuation

（B）safeguards..excesses

（C）arguments..introduction

（D）provisions.advantages

（E）laws..creation

8.FILING:

METAL:

:

jamb:

door

sand:

concrete

yeast:

bread

shaving:

wood

ashes:

coal

9.HOST:

PARASITE:

:

（A）meadow:

soil

（B）egg:

bird

（C）medium:

bacterium

（D）lair:

predator

（E）kernel:

seed

10.SOLILOQUY:

PLAY:

:

（A）violin:

concerto

（B）overture:

musical

（C）duet:

ensemble

（D）lyric:

poem

（E）aria:

opera

11.MEETING:

MINUTES:

:

concert:

orchestration

filter:

camera

sale:

deed

earthquake:

vibration

television:

signal

12.CONTRACT:

IMPLODE:

:

（A）expand:

swell

（B）descend:

plummet

（C）add:

accelerate

（D）cool:

solidify

（E）stretch:

flex

13.APPRISE:

INFORMATION:

:

（A）admonish:

warning

（B）defend:

doubt

（C）criticize:

justification

（D）comprehend:

benefits

（E）unite:

whole

14.MINUTIAE:

DETAILS:

:

（A）data:

hypotheses

（B）research:

findings

（C）approximations:

calculations

（D）queries:

answers

（E）quibbles:

objections

15.FRENETIC:

MOVEMENT:

:

（A）perceptive:

analysis

（B）effortless:

expression

（C）focused:

thought

（D）spontaneous:

behavior

（E）fanatical:

belief

16.VENOM:

TOXIN:

:

（A）bile:

liver

（B）vitamin:

mineral

（C）insulin:

sugar

（D）milk:

nutrient

（E）clot:

blood

　　IsadoraDuncan'smasterlywritings

　　onthedancerevealthedepthofher

　　determinationtocreatealyricformof

　　theartwhichwasfreeof

（5）characterization,storytelling,andthe

　　theatricalexhibitionofskills.She

　　wishedtodiscardthetraditional

　　methodsandestablishedvocabularies

　　ofsuchdanceformsasballetandto

（10）exploretheinternalsourcesofhuman

　　expressiveness.Sheshunnedbodily

　　ornamentationandstrovetouseonly

　　thenaturalmovementsofherbody,

　　undistortedbyacrobaticexaggeration

（15）andstimulatedonlybyinternal

　　compulsion.InherrecitalsDuncan

　　dancedtothemusicofBeethoven,

　　Wagner,andGluck,amongothers,but,

　　contrarytopopularbelief,shemadeno

（20）attempttovisualizeortointerpretthe

　　music;rather,shesimplyreliedon

　　ittoprovidetheinspirationfor

　　expressinginnerfeelingsthrough

　　movement.Shedidnotregardthisuse

（25）ofmusicasideal,however,believing

　　thatshewouldsomedaydispensewith

　　musicentirely.Thatdaynevercame.

17.TheauthorisprimarilyconcernedwithDuncan’s

（A）masterfullyricismasexpressedinherwritingsonthedance

（B）concertedeffortstosubduethenaturalmovementsofthedance

（C）belatedrecognitionthatshecouldnotactuallyfulfillallofheridealsforthedance

（D）basicstandardsforthedanceformthatshewishedtocreateandperform（D）

（E）continuousresponsivenesstoapopularmisconceptionaboutthenatureofhernewartform

18.TheauthorimpliesthatDuncanreliedonmusicinherrecitalsinorderto

（A）interpretmusicalworkssolelybymeansofnaturalbodymovements

（B）fostertheillusionthatmusicservesasaninspirationforthedance

（C）inspiretheexpressionofinnerfeelingwhenshedanced

（D）validatethepublicbeliefthatmusicinspirestheexpressionoffeelingthroughmovement（C）

（E）counterthepublicbeliefthatshemadenoattempttovisualizemusic

19.Accordingtothepassage,DuncanintendedtodevelopanartformthatwoulddoallofthefollowingEXCEPT

（A）avoidtheuseofstandardballettechniques

（B）revitalizeanearlierestablishedvocabulary

（C）drawoninternalsourcesofhumanexpressiveness

（D）createintendedeffectswithouttheuseofacrobaticexaggeration（B）

（E）deriveinspirationsolelyfrominnerfeelings

20.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwhichofthefollowingendeavorsisLEASTcompatiblewithDuncan’sidealsforthedance?

（A）Usingmusictostimulatetheinspirationtodance

（B）Attemptingtofreeanartformofbothcharacterizationandstorytelling

（C）Minimizingthetheatricalexhibitionofskills

（D）Beinginspiredtoexpressinnerfeelingthroughmovement（A）

（E）Creatingalyricartformbydrawingoninnerpersonalresources

　　Therecent,apparentlysuccessful

　　predictionbymathematicalmodelsofan

　　appearanceofEINino-thewarmocean

　　currentthatperiodicallydevelopsalong

（5）thePacificcoastofSouthAmerica-has

　　excitedresearchers.JacobBjerknes

　　pointedoutover20yearsagohowwinds

　　mightcreateeitherabnormallywarmor

　　abnormallycoldwaterintheeastern

（10）equatorialPacific.Nonetheless,until

　　thedevelopmentofthemodelsnoone

　　couldexplainwhyconditionsshould

　　regularlyshiftfromonetotheother,

　　ashappensintheperiodicoscillations

（15）betweenappearancesofthewarmEINino

　　andthecoldso-calledanti-ElNino.

　　Theanswer,atleastifthecurrent

　　modelthatlinksthebehaviorofthe

　　oceantothatoftheatmosphereis

（20）correct,istobefoundintheocean.

　　　Ithaslongbeenknownthatduringan

　　ElNino,twoconditionsexist:

（1）

　　unusuallywarmwaterextendsalongthe

　　easternPacific,principallyalongthe

（25）coastsofEcuadorandPeru,and

（2）

　　windsblowfromthewestintothewarmer

　　airrisingoverthewarmwaterintheeast.

　　Thesewindstendtocreateafeedback

　　mechanismbydrivingthewarmer

（30）surfacewaterintoa"pile"thatblocks

　　thenormalupwellingofdeeper,cold

　　waterintheeastandfurtherwarmsthe

　　easternwater,thusstrengtheningthe

　　windstillmore.Thecontributionof

（35）themodelistoshowthatthewindsof

　　anElNino,whichraisesealevelinthe

　　cast,simultaneouslysendasignalto

　　thewestloweringsealevel.According

　　tothemodel,thatsignalisgenerated

（40）asanegativeRossbywave,awaveof

　　depressed,ornegative,sealevel,that

　　moveswestwardparalleltotheequator

　　at25to85kilometersperday.Taking

　　monthstotraversethePacific,Rossby

（45）wavesmarchtothewesternboundaryof

　　thePacificbasin,whichismodeledasa

　　smoothwallbutinrealityconsistsof

　　quiteirregularislandchains,suchas,

　　thePhilippinesandIndonesia.

（50）　Whenthewavesmeetthewestern

　　boundary,theyarereflected,andthe

　　modelpredictsthatRossbywaveswillbe

　　brokenintonumerouscoastalKelvin

　　wavescarryingthesamenegative

（55）sea-levelsignal.Theseeventually

　　shoottowardtheequator,andthenhead

　　eastwardalongtheequatorpropelledby

　　therotationoftheEarthataspeedof

　　about250kilometersperday.When

（60）enoughKelvinwavesofsufficient

　　amplitudearrivefromthewesternPacific,

　　theirnegativesea-levelsignalovercomes

　　thefeedbackmechanismtendingto

　　raisethesealevel,andtheybegin

（65）todrivethesystemintotheopposite

　　coldmode.Thisproducesagradual

　　shiftinwinds,onethatwilleventually

　　sendpositivesea-levelRossbywaves

　　westward,wavesthatwilleventually

（70）returnascoldcycle-endingpositive

　　Kelvinwaves,beginninganotherwarming

　　cycle.

21.Theprimaryfunctionofthepassageasawholeisto

（A）introduceanewexplanationofaphysicalphenomenon

（B）explainthedifferencebetweentworelatedphysicalphenomena

（C）illustratethelimitationsofapplyingmathematicstocomplicatedphysicalphenomena

（D）indicatethedirectionthatresearchintoaparticularphysicalphenomenonshouldtake（A）

（E）clarifythedifferencesbetweenanoldexplanationofaphysicalphenomenonandanewmodelofit

22.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraph?

（A）Atheoryispresentedandcriticized.

（B）Amodelisdescribedandevaluated.

（C）Aresultisreportedanditsimportanceexplained.

（D）Aphenomenonisnotedanditssignificancedebated.（C）

（E）