高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练23.docx

高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练23.docx

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高考英语二轮复习阅读理解训练23

山西太原市2016高考英语二轮阅读理解训练

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请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Fordecades,publichealthofficialshavepuzzledoverasurprisingfactaboutHIV:

Onlyabout10-20percentofinfantswhoarebreastfedbyinfectedmotherscatchthevirus.Testsshow,though,thatHIVisindeedpresentinbreastmilk,sothesechildrenareexposedtothevirusmultipletimesdailyforthefirstseveralmonthsoftheirlives.

Now,agroupofscientistsanddoctorsfromDukeUniversityhasfiguredout whythesebabiesdon’tgetinfected.Humanbreastmilknaturallycontainsaproteincalled TenascinC thatneutralizesHIVand,inmostcases,preventsitfrombeingpassedfrommothertochild.Eventually,theysay,theproteincouldpotentiallybevaluableasanHIV-fightingtoolforbothinfantsandadultsthatareeitherHIV-positiveoratriskofcontractingtheinfection.

Theresearch,publishedin ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,wasinspiredby previouswork byotherresearchersshowingthat,bothintissuecultures（组织培养）andlivemice,breastmilkfrom HIV-negativemotherswasnaturally endowedwith HIV-fightingproperties.Scientistssuggestedthatafewdifferentproteinsinthemilkcouldpotentiallyberesponsible,butnooneknewwhichone.

Aspartofthestudy,theresearchersdividedbreastmilkintosmallerfractions（部分）madeupofspecificproteinsviaanumberoffilters（过滤）—separatingtheproteinsbysize,electricalchargeandother characteristics—andtestedwhichofthesefractions,whenaddedtoatissueculture,preventedthecellsfrombeinginfectedbyHIV.Eventually,they foundthatoneparticularproteinwaspresentinalltheHIV-resistantfractionsbutinnoneoftheothers:

TenascinC.

TenascinCworksbyblockingakeyproteinon HIV’senvelope thatnormallytiesuptoareceptoronaTcell’smembranecalledCCR5.Indoingso,TenascinCpreventsHIVfrommixingwiththeTcellandinjectingitsRNAinside.

Still,theresearcherssaythatothernaturalelementsinmilkmightplayaroleinfightingHIVaswell.“It’sclearlynotthewholestory,becausewedohavesamplesthathavelowamountsofthisproteinbutstillhaveHIV-neutralizingactivity,”thestudy’sleadauthorPermarsays. “Soitmaybeacting inconcertwith otherantiviralandantimicrobialfactorsinthemilk.”

Whateverthoseotherfactorsare,though,thefindingvindicates（证明……的正确）recentchangesto UNguidelines that recommendevenHIV-positivemothersinresource-poorcountriesshouldbreastfeed,ifthey’retakinganti-retroviraldrugstocombattheirowninfection.

Thenextsteps,Permarsays,aredeterminingwhichareaofTenascinCisactiveandwhetheritcaneffectivelypreventtransmissioninaliveanimal.Ifitworks,itcouldpotentiallybe incorporated （合并）intoanHIVdrugwithbroaderapplications.It’seven possible thatitcouldsomedaybeadaptedtoreducetheriskofHIVtransmissioninadultsaswellasinfants.

63.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?

A.Thebreastmilkfromaninfectedmotherdoesn’tcontainHIVatall.

B.It’slesslikelyforinfantsfeedingoninfectedmothers’breastmilktocatchHIV.

C.ThepossibilitiesofinfantscatchingHIVhavenothingtodowithinfectedmothers.

D.Childrenbreastfedbyinfectedmotherswon’tcatchHIVthoughexposedtoitfrequently.

64.Whydidtheresearchersdividebreastmilkintosmallerfractions?

A.TofindoutTenascinC.                         B.Tomakeupspecificproteins.

C.Toaddthemtoatissueculture.               D.Totestwhatpreventscellsbeinginfected.

65.WhichofthefollowingaboutTenascinCistrue?

A.IthasbecomeaneffectivetoolinfightingHIV.

B.ItwasfirstfoundbyPermarandherresearchgroup.

C.Itcanpreventtransmissioninaliveanimaleffectively.

D.Itcansometimespreventmother-to-childtransmissionofHIV.

66.WhatcanweknowaboutPermarandherresearchgroupaccordingtothepassage?

A.TheyhavefoundacureforHIV.

B.Theyhavehelpedchange UNguidelines.

C.TheywilldomoreresearchesonTenascinC.

D.Theirfindingisbasedontheirpreviouswork.

 【参考答案】63.B      64.D      65.D66.C     

【2014高考英语南京市、盐城市一模】

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Heleantdowntothepickpocket.Theheavingandgaspinghadstopped,buthewasstillmakingashowofhisbreathlessness.

“That’sbetter,”Mallonsaid.“Canyoustandup?

Trytostandup.Here,”hesaid,andgrippedthepickpocket’sarmandforcedhimuprightuntilhesawhisfaceforthefirsttime.Asthepickpocketlaboredforbreath,hegazedupatMallonwithhisdarkeyes. “Howcouldyou?

” theyasked.

Mallonmighthavesaid,“Becauseyoutriedtostealfromme.”Buthewasstillconsciousoftheflushofjoyhe’dfeltwhenhisblowstruckhome—whenheknewhe’dhurttheman.Wherethatjoycamefromhecouldn’tsay,butheknewthatitsrootsweredeeperthansomeclumsyfailedtheft.

Fatdropsofrainbegantopatteronthe awning （雨篷）.

“Howareyou?

”Mallonsaid.“Canyouwalk?

”Thepickpocketturnedawayandleantagainstthestorewindowwithbothhands,andhisheadsanklowerashisshouldersroseandfell.Agray-hairedwomaninsidethestorerappedontheglassandmadeashooingmotion.Whenthepickpocketignoredher,sherappedharderandkeptrapping.

“Ihavetogo,”Mallonsaid.“I’msorry.”Helookedupatthesky.“I’msorry,”hesaidagain,andsteppedintotherainandwalkedquicklyupthestreet.

OneoftheBangladeshiumbrellasellerswasworkingthecorner,andMallonhadjustpaidseveneuroswhenheheardawomanshouting.Hedidn’twanttolookbackbutdid.Itwasthewomanfromtheshop,pushingandbattingthepickpocketawayfromthewindowwhilehebentdownandcoveredhisheadlikeaboxertryingtogetthroughthelastsecondsofaround.MallonslippedhiswalletbackintohisjacketpocketandtooktheumbrellathattheBangladeshihadopenedforhim.

Thepickpocketwasoutonthesidewalknow,intherain.Thewomanstoodjustundertheawningwithherarmscrossedoverherchest.

“Excuseme,madam,”Mallonsaid,cominguptothem.“Thismanisn’twell.Heneedstorestamoment.”

“Iknowthesepeople,”shesaid.“OurRomansdon’twantthemhere.”

Therainfellinsheets,randownthepickpocket’sshiny scalp andface,downhisleatherjacket.

“Here,”Mallonsaid,andofferedhimtheumbrella,butheonlylookedatMallonwithhishurtdarkeyesandthenloweredhisheadagain.Mallonbumpedhimintheshoulderwiththehandleoftheumbrella.“Goon—takeit!

”hesaid.Andfinally,withabeaten,unwillinglook,thepickpocketdid.

Andthatwaswhenhesawataxiroundthecornerwithalightglowingonitsroof.Mallonranoutwavinghisarmandthecabturnedsharplytothepavement,sending alotof wateroverhisshoes.Heopenedthedoorbutcouldn’thelplookingback.Thepickpockethadloweredtheumbrellatothegroundupsidedownandwasleaningonthe shaft,headlow,neckbaredtothesky.

“Wait,”Mallonsaidtothedriver.Hewentbackandgrabbedthepickpocket’ssleeveandpulledhimtothecab.“Getin,”Mallonsaid,andtooktheumbrellaandpushedhimintothebackseat.Heleanedinside.“O.K.,wheredoyoulive?

”

“NoGypsies!

”thedriversaid.Hewastwistedaround,glaringatthepickpocket.

“Gypsy?

Look,he’snotwell.I’llpay,”Mallonadded.

Thedrivershookhishead.“NoGypsies.Gethimout,”

Mallonlookedatthedriver’snameplate:

MicheleKadare.“It’sthelaw,”hesaid,“Ifyoudon’ttakeus,SignorKadare,I’llreportyouandyou’llloseyourlicense.Believeme—Iamquiteserious.”

ThedriverfastenedthosepaleeyesonMallonandturnedandputhishandsonthesteeringwheel.HeraisedhiseyestotherearviewmirrorandheandMallonexchangedstares.

“O.K.,Mr.American,”hesaid.“Youpay.”

67.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2indicate?

A.Mallonshouldn’thavesavedthepickpocket.

B.Thepickpocketdidn’tthankMallonforhisoffer.

C.ThepickpocketblamedMallonforhisfailuretosteal.

D.Mallonmusthavebeatenthepickpocketbeforehelpinghim.

68.Whereshouldthesentence“Hehesitated,thenturnedback.”beplaced?

A.Betweenparagraphs5and6.           B.Betweenparagraphs6and7.

C.Betweenparagraphs7and8.           D.Betweenparagraphs8and9.

69.Fromtheattitudesofthewomanandthedrivertowardsthepickpocket,wecanconcludethat________.

A.theGypsieshadabadreputationinRome

B.thepickpocketfrequentlystolearoundthewoman’sstore

C.everyonewasprotectedbythelawinRomeexcepttheGypsies

D.thepickpocketcouldn’tpurchaseanythinginthewoman’sstore

70.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Thetaxididn’ttakethepickpockettohishouseintheend.

B.ThepickpocketsucceededinstealingsomethingfromMallon.

C.ThepickpocketwasalittlesuspiciousofMallon’sintentiontohelphim.

D.TheumbrellasellergaveanumbrellatoMallonfreeofcharge.

【参考答案】 67.B      68.C      69.A      70.C

阅读理解。

　Psychiatrists（精神病专家）whoworkwitholderparentssaythatmaturitycanbeanassetinchildraising—olderparentsaremorethoughtful,uselessphysicaldisciplineandspendmoretimewiththeirchildren.Butraisingkidstakesmoneyandenergy.Manyolderparentsfindthemselvesbalancingtheirlimitedfinancialresources,decliningenergyandfailinghealthagainstthegrowingdemandsofanactivechild.Dyingandleavingyoungchildrenisprobablytheolderparents’biggest,andoftenunspoken,fear.Havinglate-lifechildren,saysaneconomicsprofessor,oftenmeansparents,particularlyfathers,“endupretiringmuchlater.”Formany,retirementbecomesanunobtainabledream.

　HenryMetcalfa54-year-oldjournalist,knowsittakesmoneytoraisekids