高二英语语法总结It用法及其句型和固定搭配.docx

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高二英语语法总结It用法及其句型和固定搭配.docx

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高二英语语法总结It用法及其句型和固定搭配.docx

高二英语语法总结It用法及其句型和固定搭配

高二英语语法总结:

“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配

  "It"用法及其句型和固定搭配,是高中英语语法的重点、难点,又是近几年高考的热点,因此应给予充分的重视,现将it用法归纳如下:

  一、It用作实词

  表达以下概念:

指代前文提到的事物,前文中的this,that;替代前文中的内容;指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事;指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象……

  二、It用作形式主语

  替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。

  It作形式主语的常见句型:

  1.代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为

  

(1)Itbeadj.(forsb.)todosth.

  此处adj.通常为描述事件的形容词:

easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,well-mannered,ill-mannered,polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful,useless,dangerous…

  例Itisillegal(forateenager)todriveacarwithoutalicense.

  

(2)Itbeadj.ofsb.todosth.

  此处adj.通常为描述人的形容词:

kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy.

  例It'skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblem.

  (3)It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型

  It'snogood/usedoing…

  It's(well)worthdoing…

  It's(well)worthone'swhiledoing/todo…

  It's(well)worthwhiledoing/todo

  例It'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.

  2.It替代作主语的从句常见句型

  

(1)Itis+noun+从句

  例Itisnosecretthatthepresidentwantstohaveasecondtermatoffice.

  

(2)Itisadj.+clause

  It'ssurprisingthat…(should)………竟然……

  It'sapity/shamethat…(should)………竟然……

  例It'simportantthatyoushouldapologizetoherforyourrudeness.(=It'sofmuchimportancethatyoushouldapologizetoherforyourrudeness.)

  (3)Itverbsb.+clause=Itisv-ing+clause

  It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze

  /bother/concern/frighten/please/angersb.that…

  例Itworriedmethatshedrovesofast.(=Itwasworryingthatshedrovesofast.)

  (4)Itverb(tosb.)that…=sb/sthverbtodo

  (verb=appear,seem,comeabout,emerge,follow,chance,happen,occur,transpire,turnout,workout)

  例It(so)happened/chancedthattheywereout.(=Theyhappened/chancedtobeout.)

  (5)Itisv-edthat…=sb/sthistodo

  (verb=say,report,think,believe,hope,expect,agree,accept,decide,determine,intend,plan,understand,know)

  例Itissaidthatthecouplehavegottendivorced.(=Thecouplearesaidtohavegottendivorced.)

  (6)Itisv-edthat…(should)…

  (verb=demand,request,require,order,suggest,advise,recommend

  例Itissuggestedthattheyshouldbeginwiththethirdquestion.

  三、It作主语的句型

  1.Ittakessb.…todo…(=sbtakes…todo…)某人用多长时间做某事

  例Ittookthemenaweektomendourroof.(=Thementookaweektomendourroof.)

  2.It's(just)(un)likesb.todo…(不)像某人做某事的风格

  例Itwas(just)likehimtothinkofhelpingus.

  3.It's(about/high)timethat…should/v-ed…是该做某事的时候了

  例It's(about/high)timethatweshouldtakeaction.

  4.It'sthex-thtime(that)…havev-ed…第几次做某事了

  例It'sthethirdtimethathehasfailedthedrivingtest.

  5.Itis/hasbeen…since…continuousv-ed(延续性动词)某动作已有多长时间不发生了

  例It's10yearsthathelivedhere

  6.Itwas(not)…before…过(不)了多长时间某动作发生了

  例Itwasnotlongbeforetheyarrived.

  四、It作形式宾语

  用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。

  It作形式宾语的常见句型:

  1.verb+it+adj./noun(for/of)todo/clause(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)

  例Ithinkithardforyoutodothetaskonyourown./Ithinkithardthatyou'lldothetaskonyourown.

  2.verb+it+adj./noun(one's)doing(adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=nouse/nogood/worthone'swhile/awasteoftime/money/energy/words)(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)

  例I'llmakeitworthyourwhiletellingmeabouthissecret.

  3.verb+it+important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essentialthat…(should)…

  verb+it+ofmuch/great/no/littleimportancethat…(should)…

  (verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)

  例Ithinkitimportantthatyou(should)attendtheconference.

  4.verb+it+as+noun/adj.+clause(verb=accept,regard,take,see,view)

  例Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.

  5.v.+it+prep.+that…

  oweittosb.that…把…归功于…

  leaveittosbthat…把…留给某人去做

  takeitforgrantedthat…想当然

  keepitinmindthat…

  例Don'tbothertoarrangeanything.Justleaveittometosortout.

  6.It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面,尤其是表示好恶的动词后,enjoy,like,love,dislike,resent,hate,don'tmind,befondof,feellike,seeto宾语从句紧跟it之后

  例IhateityoucanswimsowellandIcan't.

  7.It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面,宾语从句紧跟it之后(exceptthat例外)

  例I'mforitthatyouwillfollowtheiradvice.

  五、强调句型

  Itis/was+被强调部分+that(who)…强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。

当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。

  在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点:

  1.请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句

  例Whenwasitthathechangedhismindtotakepartintheactivity?

  2.在强调原因状语从句时,只能强调由because所引导的从句

  例Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.

  3.在强调not…until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上

  例ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasmybrother.

  4.注意强调句型与定语从句的区别

  例Itwasat7o'clockthathecamehereyesterday.(强调句型)

  Itwas7o'clockwhenhecamehereyesterday.(定语从句)

  六、It常用的固定搭配

  1.makeit

  

(1).在口语当中相当于succeed,表示:

成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达

  例It'shardtomakeittothetopinshowbusiness.

  

(2).在口语中相当于fixthedatefor,表示“约定好时间”

  例—Shallwemeetnextweek?

  —OK.WejustmakeitnextSaturday.

  2.asitis

  

(1).相当于infact,inreality表示“事实上,实际情况是……”

  例Wehadplanedtofinishthetasktoday,butasitisweprobablywon'tfinishituntilnextweek.

  

(2).相当于方式状语从句,表示“照原样”

  例Leavethetableasitis.

  3.asitwere相当于asonemightsay,thatistosay,表示“也就是说,可以说,换句话说”

  例Heis,asitwere,amodernSherlockHolmes.

  4.ifitweren'tfor…/ifithadn'tbeenfor…用来引导虚拟语气,相当于without,orbutfor,表示“如果不是……,要不是……”

  例Ifitweren'tforTom,Iwouldn'tbealivetoday.

  5.that'sit

  

(1).相当于That'sall.That'ssomuch.表示“至此为止,没有别的了”

  例Youcanhaveonemoresweet,andthat'sit.

  

(2).相当于That'sright.表示“对啦”

  例—Iguessthekeytotheproblemisthechoice“A”

  —That'sit.

  6.catchit在口语中,相当于bepunished/scoldedfordoingsth.wrong.表示“因做错事而挨骂,受责备,受批评,受惩罚”

  例We'llreallycatchitformourteacherifwe'relateforclassagain.

  7.haveit

  

(1).相当于say,insist表示“说,主张,表明,硬说”

  例Rumourhasitthattheyaregettingdivorced.

  

(2).相当于gettoknowsomething,表示“了解,知道,获悉”

  例IhaditfromJohnthatshewasgoingabroad.

  8.havewhatittakes在口语中,相当于bewellqualifiedfor,表示“具有成功的条件”

  例Youcantakeitfrommethatyourdaughterhaswhatittakestobeastar.

  9.soitseems/appears.

  10.Keepatit!

(Don'tgiveup!

)相当于goon,表示“继续做,不放弃”

  例Myteacheraskedmetokeepatit.

  11.Goit!

(Goon!

)拼命干,莽撞

  12.Nowyouhavedoneit!

(Youhavedonesth.wrong.)

  13.Nowyou'llcatchit!

(You'llbepunished.)

  14.Asithappened,…在口语中,相当于it'sapitythat…,表示“真不凑巧,真遗憾”

  例Asithappened,theywereout.

  15.Asitturnedout,…在口语中,相当于itwasfoundtobeintheend,表示“最后被证明是”

  例Asitturnedout,hisstatementwasfalse.

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