语言学期中测验.docx

语言学期中测验.docx

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语言学期中测验

1.Thestudyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalled________linguistics.

　　A.particular　B.general　C.ordinary　D.generative

　2.Traditionalgrammarregardsthe________formoflanguageasprimary,notthespokenform.

　　A.oral　B.written　C.writing　D.vocal

　3.WhoputforwardthedistinctionbetweenLangueandParole?

　　A．Saussure　B．Chomsky　C．Halliday　D．Anonymous　　

4.AccordingtoF.deSaussure,________referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity.

　　A.parole　　B.performance　C.langue　　D.Language

5.Languageisarbitraryinthatthereisnologicalconnectionbetweenmeaningsand________.

　　A.words　B.sounds　　C.objects　D.ideas

　6.Whichofthefollowingisn’tthedesignfeaturesofhumanlanguage?

　　A.arbitrariness　B.performance　C.duality　D.displacement

　7.Thecoreoflinguisticsexcludes________.

A.semantics　B.morphology　C.phonetics　D.psycholinguistics

8.Morphologyreferstothe________ofwords.

　　A.science　B.form　C.history　D.system

　9.Thesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguageis________.

　　A.morpheme　B.phone　C.phoneme　D.allomorpheme

　10.Theword“boyish”containstwo________.

　　A.phonemes　B.morphs　C.morphemes　D.allomorphs

　11.________morphemesarethosethatcannotbeusedindependentlybuthavetobecombinedwithothermorphemes,eitherfreeorbound,toformaword.

　　A.Free　B.Bound　C.Root　　D.Affix

　12.Morphemesthatrepresent“tense”,“number”,“gender”,“case”andsofortharecalled________morphemes.

　　A.inflectional　　B.independent　　C.free　　D.derivational

　13.________modifythemeaningofthestem,butusuallydonotchangethepartofspeechoftheoriginalword.

　　A.Prefixes　B.Suffixes　　C.Roots　　D.Affixes

　14.InEnglish“-ise”and“-tion”arecalled________.

A.prefixes　　B.suffixes　C.infixes　　D.freemorphemes

　15.Therearerulesthatgovernwhichaffixcanbeaddedtowhattypeof________toformanewword.

　　A.root　　B.affix　C.stem　　D.word

　16.Thewordssuchas“lab”and“doc”are________.

　　A.formedbyblending　B.acronyms　　C.coinedbyback-formation　D.clippedwords

17.Chinese,themostpopularlanguageoftheworld,belongstothe________family.

　　A.Indo-European　　B.Sino-Tibetan　C.Austronesian　D.Afroasiatic

　18.Animportantsetofextensivesoundchangesaffectingvowels,knownastheGreatVowelShift,occurredattheendofthe________.

　　A.OldEnglishperiodB.MiddleEnglishperiod

　　C.ModernEnglishperiod　D.Middleages

19.Themostwidely-spreadmorphologicalchangesinthehistoricaldevelopmentofEnglisharethelossandadditionof________.

　　A.prefixes　B.suffixes　　C.affixes　　D.casemarkings

20.Themostdramaticmorphologicallossconcernsthelossof________.

　　A.gendermarkings　B.casemarkings　　C.tensemarkings　D.bothAandB

21.Themostvigorousandon-goingchangeinthehistoricaldevelopmentofalanguageisthechangeinits________.

　　A.sound　B.vocabulary　　C.morphologicalsystem　D.syntax

22.ThemostobviouswayinwhichModernEnglishdifferslexicallyfromOldEnglishisinthenumberofborrowedwordsfromotherlanguages,particularfrom________.

　　A.Latin　B.French　　C.Greek　　D.German

23.Theword“Motel”comesfrom“motor+hotel”.Thisisanexampleofinmorphology.

A.BackformationB.conversionC.blendingD.acronym

24.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesisNOToneofthedesignfeaturesoflanguage?

　　A．Symbolic　　B．Dual　C．Productive　D．Arbitrary

25.Whatisthemostimportantfunctionoflanguage?

　　A．Interpersonal　B．Phatic　　C．Informative　D．Metalingual

26.Thedescriptionofalanguageatsomepointintimeisa________study.

　　A.synchronic　　B.diachronic　　C.historical　　D.comparative

27.AccordingtoChomsky,whichistheidealuser'sinternalizedknowledgeofhislanguage?

　　A．competence　　B．parole　　C．performance　　D．langue

28.Thefunctionofthesentence"Aniceday,isn'tit?

"is．

　　A．informative　　B．phatic　　C．directive　　D．performative

29.Languageisthetoolofcommunication.Thesymbol“HighwayClosed”onahighwayserves.

A.anexpressivefunction

B.aninformativefunction

C.aperformativefunction

D.apersuasivefunction

31.Whenaspeakerexpresseshisintentionofspeaking,suchasaskingsomeonetoopenthewindow,heisperforming

A.anillocutionaryactB.aperlocutionaryact

C.alocutionaryactD.noneoftheabove

32.Thestudyofthementalprocessoflanguagecomprehensionandproductionis

A.corpuslinguisticsB.sociolinguistics

C.theoreticallinguisticsD.psycholinguistics

33.Whichisthesmallestunitoflanguageintermsofrelationshipbetweenexpressionandcontent?

　　A．Word　　B．Morpheme　　C．Allomorph　　D．Root

34.Whichstudiestheinternalstructureofwords,andtherulesbywhichwordsareformed?

A．Morphology　B．Syntax　　C．Phonology　　D．Semantics

35.Thephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameformiscalled

A.hyponymyB.synonymyC.polysemyD.homonymy

36.Allwordscontaina___________．

A．rootmorpheme　B．boundmorpheme　C．prefix　　D．suffix

37.Therelationshipbetween"fruit"and"apple"is___________．

A．homonymy　B．hyponymy　　C．polysemy　　D．synonymy

38.Thepartofthegrammarthatrepresentsaspeaker'sknowledgeofthestructureofphrasesandsentencesiscalled___________．

A．lexicon　　B．morphology　C．syntax　　D．semantics

39.Thepairofwords"lend"and"borrow"are___________．

　　A．gradableopposites　　B．converseopposites

　　C．co-hyponyms　　D．synonyms

40."Big"and"Small"areapairof___________opposites．

　　A．complementary　　B．gradable　　C．complete　　D．converse

41.Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsisthenotionof

A.reference

B.meaning

C.antonymy

D.context

42.Whattypeofsentenceis“Marklikesfiction,butTimisinterestedinpoetry.

”?

A.asimplesentence

B.acoordinatesentence

C.acomplexsentence

D.noneoftheabove

43.Thewordtailoncereferredto“thetailofahorse”,butnowitisusedtomean“thetailofanyanimal”.Thisisanexampleof

A.wideningofmeaning

B.narrowingofmeaning

C.meaningofshift

D.lossofmeaning

44.Thewordskid,child,offspringareexamplesof

A.dialectalsynonyms

B.stylisticsynonyms

C.emotivesynonyms

D.collocationalsynonyms

45.Inthefollowingconversation:

　　-BeirutisinPeru,isn'tit?

　　-AndRomeisinRomania,Isuppose．

　Thesecondpersonviolatesthe___________．

　　A．QuantityMaxim

　　B．QualityMaxim

　　C．RelationMaxim

　　D．MannerMaxim

46.Themaximofrequiresthataparticipant'scontributionberelevanttotheconversation．

　　A．quantity　　B．quality　　C．manner　　D．relation

47.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisaninflectionalmorpheme?

AUnlockBGovernmentCGoesDOff-stage

48.____isalanguagephenomenoninwhichwordssoundlikewhattheyreferto.

AOnomatopoeiaBCollocationCDenotationDAssimilation

49.Thesentence“Closeyourbookandlistentomecarefully”performsa（n）_____function.

AinterrogativeBinformativeCperformativeDdirective

50.Thespeechacttheorywasfirstputforwardby

A.JohnSearle

B.JohnAustin

C.NoamChomsky

D.M.A.K.Holliday

Dividethefollowingwordsintotheirseparatemorphemesbyplacinga“+”betweeneachmorphemeandthenext.

Example:

microfilm:

micro+film

manually

dictation

homosexual

perspective

biology

Inwhatwaysarethefollowingexpressionsambiguous?

ExplainthembytwodifferenttreediagramsandtranslatethemintoChinese:

Theparentsofthebrideandthegroomwerewaiting.

Hehittheboywiththesteak.

Writedownthetenwaysofformingnewwordsandillustratethemwithexamples.

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