英语四级仔细阅读真题及答案卷三.docx

英语四级仔细阅读真题及答案卷三.docx

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英语四级仔细阅读真题及答案卷三

2022英语四级仔细阅读真题及答案（卷三）

2022英语四级仔细阅读真题1：

Attitudestowardnewtechnologiesoftenalonggenerationallines.Thatis,generally,youngerpeopletendtooutnumberolderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalshift.

Itisnotalwaysthecase,though.Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars,theredoesntseemtobeacleargenerationaldivide.Thepublicoverallissplitonwhethertheydliketouseadriverlesscar.Inastudylastyear,ofallpeoplesurveyed,48percentsaidtheywantedtorideinone,while50percentdidnot.

Thefacethatattitudestowardself-drivingcarsappeartobesosteadyacrossgenerationssuggestshowtransformativetheshifttodriverlesscarscouldbe.Noteveryonewantsadriverlesscarnowandnoonecangetoneyetbutamongthosewhoareopentothem,everyagegroupissimilarlyengaged.

Actually,thisisntsurprising.Whereasoldergenerationsaresometimereluctanttoadoptnewtechnologies,driverlesscarspromiserealvaluetotheseagegroupsinparticular.Olderadults,especiallythosewithlimitedmobilityordifficultydrivingontheirown,areoneoftheclassicuse-casesfordriverlesscars.

Thisisespeciallyinterestingwhenyouconsiderthatyoungerpeoplearegenerallymoreinterestedintravel-relatedtechnologiesthanolderones.

Whenitestodriverlesscars,differencesinattitudearemorepronouncedbasedonfactorsnotrelatedtoage.Collegegraduates,forexle,areparticularlyinterestedindriverlesscarsparedwiththosewhohavelesseducation,59percentofcollegegraduatessaidtheywouldliketouseadriverlesscarparedwith38percentofthosewithahigh-schooldiplomaorless.

Whereapersonlivesmatters,too.Morepeoplewholivesincitiesandsuburbssaidtheywantedtotrydriverlesscarsthanthosewholivedinruralareas.

Whiletheresreasontobelievethatinterestinself-drivingcarsisgoingupacrosstheboard,apersonsagewillhavelittletodowithhowself-drivingcarscanbebeingmainstream.Oncedriverlesscaresareactuallyavailableforsafe,theearlyadopterswillbethepeoplewhocanaffordtobuythem.

47.Whathappenswhenanewtechnologyemerges

A.Itfurtherwidensthegapbetweentheoldandtheyoung.

B.Itoftenleadstoinnovationsinotherrelatedfields.

C.Itcontributegreatlytotheadvanceofsocietyasawhole.

D.Itusuallydrawsdifferentreactionsfromdifferentagegroups.

D

Attitudestowardnewtechnologiesoftenalonggenerationallines.

48.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthedriverlesscar

A.Itdoesnotseemtocreateagenerationaldivide.

B.Itwillnotnecessarilyreduceroadaccidents.

C.Itmaystartarevolutioninthecarindustry.

D.Ithasgivenrisetounrealisticexpectations.

A

Itisnotalwaysthecase,though.Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars,theredoesntseemtobeacleargenerationaldivide.

49.Whydoesthedriverlesscarappealtosomeoldpeople

A.Itsavestheirenergy.

B.Ithelpswiththeirmobility.

C.Itaddstothesafetyoftheirtravel.

D.Itstirsuptheirinterestinlife.

B

Olderadults,especiallythosewithlimitedmobilityordifficultydrivingontheirown,areoneoftheclassicuse-casesfordriverlesscars.

50.Whatislikelytoaffectonesattitudetowardthedriverlesscar

A.Thelocationoftheirresidence.

B.Theamountoftheirspecialinterest

C.Theamountoftrainingtheyreceived.

D.Thelengthoftheirdrivingexperience.

A

Whereapersonlivesmatters,too.Morepeoplewholivesincitiesandsuburbssaidtheywantedtotrydriverlesscarsthanthosewholivedinruralareas.

51.Whoarelikelytobethefirsttobuythedriverlesscar

A.Thesenior.

B.Theeducated.

C.TheweaIthy.

D.Thetechfans.

D

2022英语四级仔细阅读真题2：

Inagrarian（农业的）,pre-industrialEurope,youdwanttowakeupearly,startworkingwiththesunrise,haveabreaktohavethelargestmeal,andthenyoudgobacktowork,saysKenAlbala,aprofessorofhistoryattheUniversityofthePacific,Later,at5or6,youdhaveasmallersupper.

Thisfortablecycle,inwhichtherhythmsofthedayhelpedshapetherhythmsofthemeals,gaverisetothecustomofthelargemiddaymeal,eatenwiththeextendedfamily,Mealarethefoundationofthefamily,saysCaroleCouniban.aprofessoratMillersvilleUniversityin

Peensylvania,sotherewasaveryimportantinterconnectionbetweeneatingtogetherandstrength-eatingfamilyties.

Sinceindustrialization,maintainingsuchaslowculturalmetabolismhasbeenmuchharder.Withthelongmiddaymealshrinkingtowhatevercouldbestuffedintoalunchbucketorboughtatafoodstand.Certainly,therewerebenefits.Moderntechniquesforproducingandshippingfoodledtogreatervarietyandquantity,includingatremendous,increaseintheamountofanimalproteinanddairyproductsavailable,makingusmorevigorousthanourancestors.

Yetplentyhasbeenlosttoo,eveninculturesthatstilllivetoeat.TakeItaly.ItsnosecretthattheMediterraneandietishealthy,butitwasalsoajoytoprepareandcat.Italians,saysCounihan,traditionallybeganthedaywithasmallmeal.Thebigmealcameataround1p.m.Inbetweenthemiddaymealandalate,smallerdinnercameasmallsnack.Today,whentimezoneshavelessandlessmeaning,thereislittletoleranceforofficesclosingforlunch,andworseningtrafficincitiesmeansworkerscantmakeithomeandbackfastenoughanyway.Sotheformerlysmallsupperaftersundownbeesthebigmealoftheday.theonlyoneatwhichthefamilyhasachancetogettogether.TheeveningmealcarriesthefullburdenthatusedtobespreadovertwomealssaysCounihan

52.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutpeopleinpre-industrialEurope

A.Theyhadtoworkfromearlymorningtilllateatnight.

B.Theyweresobusyworkingthattheyonlyatesimplemeals.

C.Theirdailyroutinefollowedtherhythmofthenaturalcycle.

D.Theirlifewasmuchmorefortablethanthatoftoday.

A

pre-industrialEurope,youdwanttowakeupearly,startworkingwiththesunrise,haveabreaktohavethelargestmeal,andthenyoudgobacktowork,

53WhatdoesProfessorCaroleCounihansayabout.pre-industrialEuropeanfamilieseatingmealstogether

A.Itwashelpfultomaintaininganationstradition.

B.Itbroughtfamilymemberscloserstoeachother.

C.Itwascharacteristicoftheagrarianculture.

D.Itenabledfamiliestosavealotofmoney.

B

Mealarethefoundationofthefamily,saysCaroleCouniban.aprofessoratMillersvilleUniversityinPeensylvania,

54.Whatdoesculturalmetabolism（Line1,Para.3）referto

A.Evolutionaryadaptation.

B.Changesinlifestyle.

C.Socialprogress.

D.Paceoflife.

D

Withthelongmiddaymealshrinkingtowhatevercouldbestuffedintoalunchbucketorboughtatafoodstand.Certainly,therewerebenefits.

55.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefoodpeopleeattoday

A.Itsqualityisusuallyguaranteed.

B.Itisvaried,abundantandnutritious.

C.Itismorecostlythanwhatourancestorsate.

D.Itsproductiondependstoomuchontechnology.

B

Moderntechniquesforproducingandshippingfoodledtogreatervarietyandquantity,includingatremendous,increaseintheamountofanimalproteinanddairyproductsavailable,makingusmorevigorousthanourancestors.

56.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutItaliansoftheolddays.

A.Theyenjoyedcookingaswellaseating.

B.Theyateabigdinnerlateintheevening.

C.Theyatethreemealsregularlyeveryday.

D.Theywereexpertatcookingmeals.

A

ItsnosecretthattheMediterraneandietishealthy,butitwasalsoajoytoprepareandcat.