新课标普通高等学校招生统一考试英语模拟卷8.docx

新课标普通高等学校招生统一考试英语模拟卷8.docx

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新课标普通高等学校招生统一考试英语模拟卷8

（新课标）2021年普通高等学校招生统一考试英语模拟卷8

（时间：

100分钟，满分：

120分）

第一部分　阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A（2021·江西省三校联考）

Anewstudyhasshownhowcomputersandrobotspoweredbyartificialintelligencecanreadhumaneyemovementsto“read”humanpersonalities.

Theeyes，theysay，arethewindowstothesoul.Andifthatistrue，computersandrobotspoweredbysophisticated（复杂的）artificialintelligencealgorithms（演算法）maysoonhavetheabilitytopeerintoyoursoul.Thatistheresultofanewstudyontheconnectionbetweeneyemovementsandpersonality，conductedbyneuroscienceresearchersbasedattheUniversityofSouthAustraliaandpublishedinthescientificjournalFrontiersinNeuroscience.

“Eyemovementsduringaneverydaytaskpredictaspectsofourpersonality，”wrotetheresearchers，ledbyUniversityofSouthAustralianeuroscientistTobiasLoetscher，whoseteamfollowed42studysubjectsaroundtheuniversitycampusrecordingtheireyemovements，thendeterminedtheirpersonalitytraitswith“wellestablishedquestionnaires”fordeterminingthepersonalitytype，accordingtoasummaryofthestudypublishedbythesiteScienceDaily.

TheresearchersfedthedataintotheirAIalgorithmsandfoundthatcomputersrunningthealgorithmswereabletorecordhumaneyemovementsandimmediatelydetermineaperson'smajorpersonalitytraits，suchas“neuroticism，extraversion（外向），agreeableness，conscientiousness，aswellascuriosity”，thescientistswrote.

“Thenewfindingscouldimprovethewayhumanbeingsinteractwiththeircomputersandotherhightechdevices，evenrobots，allowingformorenaturalandrealisticsocialinteractionswithmachines，”Loetschersaid.

“Peoplearealwayslookingforimproved，personalizedservices.Today'srobotsandcomputersarenotsociallyawaresotheycannotadapttononverbalinformation，“LoetschersaidinastatementquotedbyTheIndianExpress.Thisresearchprovidesopportunitiestodeveloprobotsandcomputerssothattheycanbecomemorenatural，andbetteratinterpretinghumansocialsignals.”

Thestudyrevealedpreviouslyundiscoveredrelationsbetweenspecificpersonalitycharacteristicsandspecificeyemovementtendencies，accordingtoasummaryinBritain'sDailyMailnewspaper.

【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了一项人工智能计算机和机器人通过读人眼球的运动从而一窥人的个性的研究。

1．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“peerinto”inParagraph2probablymean?

A．Understand.　　　　B．Stareat.

C．Searchfor.D．Concernabout.

A　[考查词义猜测。

根据第二段第一句“Theeyes，theysay，arethewindowstothesoul”，并结合对第一段的整体理解可推知，此处peerinto与第一段中的“read”呼应，故选A。

]

2．Howdidtheresearchersconducttheresearch?

A．Itwascarriedoutinalab.

B．42subjects'eyemovementswererecorded.

C．Thestudents'dailymovementsweretracked.

D．Itssubjects'personalitiesweredeterminedbycomputer.

B　[考查细节理解。

根据对第三段的整体理解可知，这项研究是通过追踪42个研究对象并记录他们的眼球运动来开展的，故选B。

]

3．AccordingtoTobiasLoetscher，whatcanweknow?

A．Robotsandcomputersaresociallyconscious.

B．Peoplecarelessaboutimproved，personalizedservices.

C．Today'srobotsandcomputerscanaccustomtononverbalinformation.

D．Thediscoverywillimprovetheinteractionbetweenhumanbeingsandmachines.

D　[考查细节理解。

根据对倒数第三段的整体理解可知，这项研究发现有助于改善人类和机器的互动，故选D。

]

B（2021·安徽省示范高中模拟）

We'vebeencoveringstandingdesksforalongtimenowbecauseexpertsagreethatsittingalldayiskillingus.Wewanttobeproductivewhilealsokeepingourbodieshealthy.Overtheyears，therehavebeenseveralsolutionstothisfromfixedstandingdeskstoadjustableones，portabledeskstoonesthatchangeintoshelves.

However，themosthightechandelegantsolutionhastobethisnewsmartdeskcalledtheStirKineticDesk.Thedesklearnsyourdailybehaviorandmovesbetweenasittingandstandingheightregularlythroughoutthedaytokeepyoumovingwithoutinterruptingyourworkflow.

Youcanprogramspecificsittingandstandingintervalsorletthedesksettheschedule.Ifyoutendtositwhilereturningemailsinthemorning，butalwayswanttostandduringthatafternoonconferencecall，thedeskwilllearnthoseregularhabitsandadjustthescheduletofitthem.Ofcourse，thedeskcanalwaysbemanuallyloweredorraisedbyusingthetouchscreenonthelowerleftcornerofthedesk.

Whenswitchingpositions，thedeskgentlydipsandrisestoletyouknowthatachangeiscomingup.Ifyou'renotreadytoswitchpositionsatthattime，youcantapthetouchscreentostaysittingorstandingforawhilelonger.

Thebuiltintouchscreenalsokeepstrackofyourdailysittingandstandingtimesandtellsyouhowmanycaloriesyou'veburned.Youcanevensetgoalsforhowlongorhowoftenyouwanttostand.ThedeskalsoworkswithfitnessdevicesliketheFitbittotrackyourmovements.

Allofthatsmarttechnologydoesn'tcomecheapthough.TheM1desk，whichistheeverydaymodel，runsasteep$2，990，whilethemoreexecutivemodelwithaddedfeatures，theF1，goesfor$4，190.

Whileexpensive，it'sworththatthinkingofhowmuchtimewespendatourdesks.Muchlikeagoodmattress（床垫），agooddeskthatworkswithyouisworththeinvestment.Hopefullyinafewyearsthesesmart，integrateddeskswillbemorecommonandlessexpensive.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种新型智能办公桌：

能根据人的习惯自动设定其坐着和站着时的不同高度。

该产品虽然价格昂贵，但是值得购买。

4．TheStirKineticDeskhasbeendesignedto．

A．helpuserswiththeirwork

B．keepusersmovingallthetime

C．getuserstoexercisewhileworking

D．remindusersoftheirworkingschedule

C　[考查推理判断。

根据笫二段第二句“Thedesklearnsyourdailybehaviorandmovesbetweenasittingandstandingheightregularlythroughoutthedaytokeepyoumovingwithoutinterruptingyourworkflow”可知，这种办公桌可以了解你的日常行为，每天有规律地在你坐着和站着时的高度之间调整，让你在不影响工作流程的情况下保持移动。

据此可以判断，这种办公桌旨在让使用者在工作时得到锻炼，故C项正确。

]

5．Whichisthefeatureofthetouchscreenofthedesk?

A．Itcantelluserswhentochangepositions.

B．Itcantrackusers'changesofpositions.

C．Itcankeepusersinafixedposition.

D．Itcandetectusers'healthcondition.

B　[考查细节理解。

根据第五段第一句“Thebuiltintouchscreenalsokeepstrackofyourdailysittingandstandingtimesandtellsyouhowmanycaloriesyou'veburned”可知，内置的触摸屏还可以了解你每天坐着和站着的时间，并告诉你燃烧了多少卡路里。

据此可知，这种内置触摸屏跟踪使用者的姿势变化，故B项正确。

]

6．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethedesk?

A．Productivebutchallenging.

B．Convenientbutunaffordable.

C．Complexandimpractical.

D．Multifunctionalandintelligent.

D　[考查推理判断。

根据文章内容可知，这种办公桌能了解你的行为习惯并以此来调整高低，且能告诉你燃烧了多少卡路里，并结合最后一段最后一句中的“thesesmart，integrateddesks”可推知，这种办公桌是多功能的、智能的，故D项正确。

【干扰项分析】　A项意为“多产的但是具有挑战性的”，B项意为“方便的但是买不起的”，C项意为“复杂而不实用的”，都与文意不符。

]

C（2021·郑州市质量预测）

Areyouaprocrastinator（拖延者）？

It'sacommonproblem.Anditcanbeharmful，aspreviousresearchhasshownthatpeoplewhoprocrastinatehavehigherlevelsofstressandlowerwellbeing，reportedtheAssociationforPsychologicalScienceintheUS.Butanewstudyhasfoundawaytodealwiththisproblem：

Bemoreconnectedtoyourfutureself.

Psychologiststhinkthateachpersonbelievesthattheyarereallytwopeople：

“PresentMe”and“FutureMe”．“Peopleactasiftheyprefertheircurrentselves'needsanddesirestothoseoftheirfutureselves，”wrotepsychologistsNeilLewisandDaphnaOyserman.

OysermanandLewisdecidedtotrytofindawaytomake“PresentMe”imagineexactlyhow“FutureMe”wouldfeelthenightbeforeabigpaperwasdue，though“PresentMe”hadn'tstartedyet.Theymade“PresentMe”thinkaboutafaroffeventanumberofdaysaway，notmonthsoryears.

Thinkingabouteventsinthiswaymeantthatsomethinglikeafriend'sweddingseemed16.3dayssoonerwhenconsideredindaysratherthanmonthsand11.4monthssoonerwhenconsideredinmonthsratherthanyears.

Theresearchersalsotriedtofindoutwhetherpeoplewouldtakeactionsooneriftheyweretoldacertaineventwashappeninginseveraldaysratherthanyears.Forexample，participantsimaginedtheyhadanewbornchild，andthatthechildwouldneedtogotocollegeineither18yearsor6，570days.Theresearchersfoundthoseinthe“days”conditionplannedtostartsavingfourtimessoonerthanthoseinthe“years”condition.

Soifyouthinkofyourlifeindaysinsteadofyears，youmaygetthingsdonequicker.

【语篇解读】　本文主要探究了一种应对拖延症的方法。

7．WhatdidOysermanandLewisintendtodothroughtheirstudy?

A．Toworkonasolutiontotestifsomeoneisaprocrastinator.

B．Tofindoutwhetherhumanbeingsusuallyhavetwodifferentcharacters.

C．Todiscoverprocrastinatorsaremorelikelytohavealowersenseofwellbeing.

D．Toproveit'shelpfultoconnectourcurrentselvesmorewithfutureselves.

D　[考查细节理解。

根据对第三段的整体理解可知，Oyserman和Lewis想要通过他们的研究去验证把“现在的我”和“将来的我”联系起来是否会对应对拖延症有一定的帮助，故选D。

]

8．Theunderlinedpart“thisway”inParagraph4refersto“”．

A．settinguptoughdeadlines

B．followingschedulesstrictly

C．countinginsmallerunitsoftime

D．imagininghowyourfutureselfwillfeel

C　[考查推理判断。

承接第三段最后一句“Theymade‘PresentMe’thinkaboutafaroffeventanumberofdaysaway，notmonthsoryears”可推知，画线部分是指用更小的时间单位去计量，故选C。

]

9．Whathelpspreventpeoplefromprocrastinating?

A．Comparingtheirfutureselveswithpresentselves.

B．Consideringtheircurrentselves'needsanddesires.

C．Thinkingaboutfaroffeventsindaysratherthanyears.

D．Markingimportanteventsonacalendarasareminder.

C　[考查推理判断。

根据第五段的内容以及最后一段“Soifyouthinkofyourlifeindaysinsteadofyears，youmaygetthingsdonequicker”可推知，用天而不是用年去考虑将来所发生的事情会帮助拖延者不再拖延，故选C。

]

10．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A．Awaytogetthingsdoneintime.

B．Theharmfuleffectsofprocrastination.

C．Thereasontooverlookfutureneedsanddesires.

D．Thewaytoreducestressandimprovehappiness.

A　[考查主旨大意。

根据第一段最后一句“Butanewstudyhasfoundawaytodealwiththisproblem：

Bemoreconnectedtoyourfutureself”，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要探究了一种应对拖延症的方法，故选A。

]

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

（2021·湖南省