HND商务信息与通讯技术OUTCOME1.docx

HND商务信息与通讯技术OUTCOME1.docx

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HND商务信息与通讯技术OUTCOME1

Part1:

Identifyandevaluatetheroleofbusinessinformationindecision-making.

Question1:

StrategicManagement

Strategicmanagementisresponsibleformakingdecisionsthataffectwholecompany.Thesedecisionsaregenerallyverycomplexandunstructured.Theymakelong-termdecisions.

Internal:

Themarkettrends.Ifthecompanycanobservetheindex，itwill

understandtheneedsofthecompany，soastodecideitwillproducetheproductstogainmoreprofit.

External:

thestaffingneeds.Ifthe∞mpanycanimproveemployeebenefits，

increasetheirrewards，itwillmakeemployeeshavemorepower.

TacticalManagement

Tacticalmanagersarethemiddlemanagement.Theymakemedium-termdecisionsa忏'ectingbudgets，monitoringoperations，developingpolicies，obtainingresources.Tacticalmanagersdeveloptacticstoachievetheoverallstrategicaimsandobjectivessetbythestrategicmanager.

Internal:

Thebudgets.Ifthecompanyhasabudgetprocess，itwillbeabletocontrolthebudgetandcontrolthecompany'scashposition.Andtheenterprise

capitalwillbecomemoreflexible.

External:

Iftheenterprisehasthefixedsuppliers，itwillguaranteethequalityofenterpriseproductsandsaveoperatingtime，thusenhancestheenterprisethecompetitiveabilityandincreasemoreprofits.

OperationalManagement

Theoperationalmanageristhefirstlinemanagerorsupervisor.Theyare

responsiblefortheday-to-dayopera甘onsofthebusiness.

Internal:

Iftheenterprisesta仔attendancerecordeve叩day，itcanworkoutaplanforamoreperfectplanaccordingtotheinformation，sothatemployeesworkmoree仔iciently.

External:

Thecustomerneeds.Iftheenterp川seunderstandcustomerneeds，itsproductstoattractcustomersandincreaseincome.

SeniorManagement

Strategic

Tactical

MiddleManagement

Operational

Question2:

"Enterpriseresourceplanningisacross-functionalenterprisesystemdrivenbyanintegratedsuiteofso仕waremodulesthatsupportsthebasicinternal

businessproωssesofa∞mpany."ERPgivesacompanyanintegrated

real-timeviewofi怡corebusinessprocessessuchasproduction，orderprocessing，andinventorymanagement，tiedtogetherbyERPapplicationssoftwareandacommondatabasemaintainedbyadatabasemanagementsystem.ERPsystemstrackbusinessresources（suchascash，rawmaterials，

andproductioncapacity）andthestatusofcommitmentsmadebythebusiness（suchascustomerorders，purchaseorders，andemployeepayroll），nomatterwhichdepartment（manufacturing，purchasing，sales，accounting，andsoon）hasenteredthedataintothesystem.ERPfacilitatesinformationf10wbetweenallbusinessfunctionsinsidetheorganization，andmanagesconnectionstooutsidestakeholders.（Wikipedia，2013）

Thisinformationsystemwouldsupportdecision-makingatstrategiclevels.

•ERPprovidessupporttoupperlevelmanagementtoprovidethemwithcriticaldecisionmakinginformation.Thisdecisionsupportallowstheupperlevelmanagementtomakemanagerialchoicesthatenhancethebusiness

downtheroad.

•ERPalsocreatesamoreagile∞mpanythatbetteradaptstochange.ERP

makesacompanymoref1exibleandless时gidlystructuredsoorganizationcomponentsoperatemorecohesively，enhancingthebusiness-斗nternally

andexterna11y.

•ERPcangreatlyimprovethequalityandefficiencyofabusiness.Bykeepingacompany'sinternalbusinessprocessrunningsmoothly，ERPcanleadtobetteroutputsthatbenefitthecompanysuchascustomerservice，andmanufacturing.

"Customerrelationshipmanagementisamodelformanagingacompany's

interactionswithcurrentandfuturecustomers."Itinvolvesusingtechnologytoorganize，automate，andsynchronizesales，marketing，customerservice，andtechnicalsuppo凡（Wikipedia，2013）

Thisinformationsystemwouldsupportdecision-makingatoperationallevels.

•AccesscontroliscrucialfortheSCMtool.Ontheonehand，sincethisisteamdevelopment，mayneedtolimitcertainmembersoftheauthority;

Thesub-projectoftheespeciallybigprojectstendtobeinvolvedin

outsourcing，attheendofthealignmentstagewillinvolvealotofdifferentunits，needmorerightsmanagement.Accesscontrol，ontheotherhand，

alsoreducedthepossibilityofwrongoperation，indirectimprovetheavailabilityoftheSCMtool.

•SCMtoolsrecordprogramsandfilesmodifiedtr司ectory，trackchangeinformation，makethesoftwaredevelopmentworkcompletedinBaseline（Baseline）gradualwa弘avoidingtheuncontrolledsoftwaredevelopmentsituation，makedevelopmentstatusinorder.

"Supplychainmanagementisthemanagementoftheflowofgoods.Itincludesthemovementandstorageofrawmaterials，work-in-processinventory，andfinishedgoodsfrompointoforigintopointofconsumption."Interconnectedorinterlinkednetworks，channelsandnodebusinessesare

involvedintheprovisionofproductsandservicesrequiredbyendcustomersinasupplychain.Supplychainmanagementhasbeendefinedasthe"design，planning，execution，control，andmonito时ngofsupplychainactivitieswiththeobjectiveofcreatingnetvalue，buildingacompetitiveinfrastructure，leveragingworldwidelogistics，synchronizingsupplywithdemandandmeasuringperformanceglobally."（Wikipedia，2013）

Thisinformationsystemwouldsupportdecision-makingatoperationa川evels.

..CRMisnotonlyoneinthefaceofcustomermarketingandservicedepartment，alsoisabusinessdepartmentscanshareinformationandresourcespla仔'ormfortheautomationwork，inordertomaximizetheminingandcoordinationofenterpriseresources，expandthesurvivalspaceandpotential.

•CRMiscustomerinformationintopositivecustomerrelationshipandtheworkingprocessofthecycle.ThroughtheCRMcanmoretruly

comprehensivecollection，analysisofcustomerinformation，toprovide

customerswithmulti-angle，all-roundservice.

Question3:

"TheDataProtectionAct1998isaUnitedKingdomActofParliamentwhich

definesUKlawontheprocessingofdataonidentifiablelivingpeople.ItisthemainpieceoflegislationthatgovernstheprotectionofpersonaldataintheUK.AlthoughtheActitselfdoesnotmentionprivacy，itwasenactedtobringUKlaw

intolinewiththeEUdataprotectiondirectiveof1995whichrequiredMemberStatestoprotectpeople'sfundamentalrightsandfreedomsandinparticulartheirrighttoprivacywithrespecttotheprocessingofpersonaldata."

（Wikipedia，2013）

1thinkitnecessa叩forenterprisestousetheAct.Itcanbetterprotectcorporate

dataandinformation，toreducealotofbusinessrisk.

"TheCopyright，DesignsandPatentsAct1988（c.48），alsoknownasthe

CDPA，isanActoftheParliamentoftheUnitedKingdomwhichreceivedRoyalAssenton15November1988.Itreformulatesalmostcompletelythestatutorybasisofcopyrightlaw（includingpe斤。

rmingrights）intheUnitedKingdom，whichhad，untilthen，beengovernedbytheCopyrightAct1956（c.74）.Italso

createsanunregistereddesignright，andcontainsanumberofmodificatìonstothelawoftheUnitedKingdomonRegisteredDesignsandpatents."（Wikipedia，2013）

1suggestitnecessaryforenterprisestousetheAct.Itcanhelpenterp川sesto

betterprotectandincreasetheirowninterests.

Part2:

DescribeandevaluatedatacommunicationsystemsandnewICTinnovations.

Question1:

Compareandcontrastthreedatacommunicationsystems.

Alocalareanetwork（LAN）isanetworkthatconnectscomputerswithinalimitedgeographicaldistrict，usuallywithinanindependentofficeorbuilding.

WideAreaNetwork（WAN），alsocalledRemoteComputerNetwork，thescopeofitslargest，generallycanbefromafewtensofkilometerstotensofthousandsofmiles.Establishedanationalorinternationalnetworkisawide

areanetwork.Inawideareanetwork，usedforthetransmissionofcommunicationsdevicesandtransmissionmediumcanbeprovidedbythetelecomsector.

（NWPU，2013）

"TheInternetisaglobalsystemofinterconnectedcomputernetworksthatuse

thestandardInternetprotocolsuite（TCA斤P）toserveseveralbillionusersworldwide.Itisanefworkofnefworksthatconsistsofmillionsofprivate，public，academic，business，andgovernmentnetworks，oflocaltoglobalscope，thatarelinkedbyabroadarrayofelectronic，wirelessandopticalnetworking

technologies.TheInternetcarriesanextensiverangeofinformationresources

andservices，suchastheinter-linkedhypertextdocumentsoftheWorldWideWeb（WWW），theinfrastructuretosuppo时email，andpeer-to-peernetworks."Forexample，MicrosoftServiceNetworkandEmailpassedthroughtheInternet.（Wikipedia，2013）

Compare:

Alocalareanetworkisanetworkwithinalimiteddistanceusually

ononegeographicalsite.TheWideAreaNetworkislargerthanlocalarea

network.TheInternetisglobal，themostwiderange.

（IT168，2011）

Thethreedatacommunicationsystemshavethemselvesadvantages，soitshouldbecombinedwitheachother，thedevelopmentofenterpriseswillbebetter.

Question2:

DescribetwobenefitsforeachofthethreedatacommunicationsystemsforBW.

Localareanetwork:

•Low-Ievelproto∞1isSimple.Inthelocalareanetwork（LAN），duetothe

shortdistanceandtimedelayissmall，lowcost，hightransmissionrate，highreliability，sothechannelutilizationhasnotconsideredthemainfactors，sothelow-Ievelprotocolissimple.

•Becauseofthecloserangetransmission，sotheerrorrateisve叩low.

WideAreaNetwork:

•Itstransmissionspeedisbetlerandtransmitslargeamountsofdata.

•Itstransmissionrangeiswider.

Internet:

•TheInternetprovidesabundantinformationresourcesandapplicationservices