HND商务信息与通讯技术.docx

HND商务信息与通讯技术.docx

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HND商务信息与通讯技术

Information＆CommunicationsTechnologyinBusiness:

AnIntroduction

（DE3K35）

NAME:

SCN:

CLASS:

Contents

Introduction

Thebodyofthisreportconsistsofsevenpartsthatincludesdifferentmanagementneedsdifferentinformation,threetypesofinformationsystem,twopiecesofcurrentlegislation,threedatacommunicationsystems,twobenefitsforthreedatacommunication,threethreatstosecurityofnetworkedinformation,threeICTinnovationofcompany.

Section1introducedforfunctionsofmanagement

coordimtion

Figure1functionsofmanagement

Strategicmanager:

ConnorWebsterisstrategicmanagerofCrownCateringServiceCompany.StrategicmanagerneedsomeinformationtodevelopingCateringServicesCompany.Theinformationincludesaninternalinformationstaffingneeds.Thecompanyshouldmeettheneedsofstaff.Sothatstaffsworkharder.Externalinformationincludesmarkettrends.Companiesunderstandsthemarkettrendsconducivetothedevelopment.CateringServicesCompany’sStrategicManagerthroughtheinformationtoformulatelong-termplanningandsettingobjectivesandpolicy.Thelong-termplanningis3-5yeartarget.CateringServicesCompany.CateringServicesCompanythroughobjectandpolicytodevelopingcompany.

TacticalManager:

CrownCateringServicesCompanyhasabout20branchesistacticalmanager.Thetacticalmanagerneedsinformationincludesfourkindsofinternalinformationandoneexternalinformation.Fourkindsofinternalinformationincludesproductivity,improveproductivitycanimprovetheefficiencyofthework.Varianceanalysiscanshowdifferencebetweentheplannedandactualproduction.TacticalmanagerneedsCashFlowsandBudget’sinformationtodobudgetarycontrolandmonitoring.Externalinformationincludescurrentmarketdataandopponent’spolicyrelated.Thetacticalmanagerthroughinformationtoobtainingresourcesmonitoringanddevelopingoperationalpoliciesandobjectives.

OperationalManager:

CrownCateringServicesCompany’ssalesmanagerisoperationalmanager.Operationalmanagersneedsreal-timeandspecificbusinessinformation.Operationalmanagerstoresponsibleforroutineactivitybusinessinformation,monitoringoffrontlinestaff,ensuringeffectiveuseofresources,ratingtostaffofdifferentlevels,monitoremployeeattendancehoursworkedandovertime.Lowlevelsofresponsibilityaffectingindividuals.

Section2Threetypesofinformationsystem

DSS

Operationalmanagerusingdecisionsupportsystems.DecisionsupportsystemsareinteractivesystemsthatrelyonhardwareandsoftwaretosupportmanagersinthedecisionmakingprocessandahighlyflexibleandinteractiveITsystemthatisdesignedtosupportdecisionmakingwhentheproblemisnotstructured.ConnorWebstercanusethattodomarketsurveyproject.ThebenefitsofDSSforCrownCateringServicesCompanyincludesoptimizationandforecastingworkcompleted,simulatescenariosandforeasytoCrownCateringServicesdevelopmentofcontingencyplansinadvance,understandworkprocesses,preventthepotentialdanger.

ES

ExpertSystemaimedtoduplicatewhatanexpertornumberofexpertswoulddoinagivensituation.Expertsystemissuitablefortacticalmanager.ESsystemcanhelpCrownCateringServicescompanysolvecomplexproblemsandmakedecisions.TheES’sbenefitsincludesputtogetherstructureddata,definedareaandhandscomplexlogic.

EIS

EIS’sdefinitionisanykindofinformationsystemwhichimprovesthefunctionsofanenterprisebusinessprocessesbyintegration.StrategicmanagecanuseEIStoprecisefindinformationinmanyfields.Fieldsincludesmarketing,finance,manufacturingandothers.TheEIS’sbenefitsincludesprovidetheefficiencyofdecisionmakers,timelydecision,improvethetrackinginformationforCrownCateringServices,providetimelyinformation.

Section3:

Twopiecesofcurrentlegislation

TheDateprotectionAct（1998）:

TheDataProtectionActgovernstheprocessingofinformationrelatingtoindividuals.TheActcoverstheobtaining,holdinganduseordisclosureofinformation.

ThisActalsoconcernspersonalinformationheldaboutindividualsandrelatestothefollowing

Dataprocessedusinganelectronicsystem.

Informationrecordedaspartofarelevantfilingsystem.

TheDataProtectionPrinciples:

1.Informationshallbeobtainedandprocessed‘fairlyandlawfully’.

2.Informationshallonlybeheldforoneormorespecificandlawfulpurposes.

3.CompaniesshouldnotholdinformationthatisexcessiveorisnotrelevanttothepurposesthecompanyhasregisteredundertheAct.

4.Informationheldonindividualsshouldbeaccurateandup-to-date.

5.Informationshouldnotbeheldforlongerthannecessary.

6.Individualshavetherighttoseethedataheldaboutthemandhavecorrectionsmadeifneedbe.

7.Companiesmusttakeadequatesecuritymeasurestopreventunauthorizedaccess.

8.DatamustnotbetransferredtocountriesoutsidetheEuropeanUnion（EU）thatprovidesinadequateprotection.

SuggestionforCrownCateringServicesCompany

CrownCateringServicesCompanyshouldlawfullyusethecollectdata.CrownCateringServicesCompanyshouldprotectthesecurityofdata.CrownCateringServicesCompanyshouldbeaccurateandupdateofindividuals.CrownCateringServicesCompanyshouldbenotbeheldforlongerthannecessaryofdata.

ComputerMisuseAct1990

Thislegislationprotectsinformationstoredoncomputerfromunauthorizedaccess,alterationanddamage.

Unauthorizedaccess,includinghackingorinternalmembersofstaffusingsomeoneelse’spasswordtoaccessrestrictedinformation.

Ulteriorintentwiththeintentionofcommittingacrimeforpersonalgain.

Unauthorizedmodificationtodocuments.

SuggestionforCrownCateringServicesCompany

CrownCateringServicesCompanyoftengivecomputervirus.CrownCateringServicesCompanyshouldputthedatainasafeplace.Thecompanyshouldprohibitemployeesfromusingthedataforprofit.Thecompanyshoulddefinewhocanaccessdata

Section4Threedatacommunicationsystems

Alocalareanetwork（LAN）isacomputernetworkthatinterconnectscomputerswithinalimitedarea.Alocalareanetworkiscontrastedinprincipletoawideareanetwork,whichcoversalargergeographicdistanceandmayinvolveleasedtelecommunicationcircuits,whilethemediaforLANsarelocallymanaged.Limitedareaincludesresidence,school,laboratory,orofficebuilding.EthernetovertwistedpaircablingandWi-Fiarethetwomostcommontransmissiontechnologiesinuseforlocalareanetworks.Alocalareanetworkcoverageisverysmall.

Awideareanetwork（WAN）isatelecommunicationsnetworkorcomputernetworkthatextendsoveralargegeographicaldistance.Wideareanetworksareoftenestablishedwithleasedtelecommunicationcircuits.Manytechnologiesareavailableforwideareanetworklinks.Examplesincludecircuitswitchedtelephonelines,radiowavetransmission,andopticfiber.Newdevelopmentsintechnologieshavesuccessivelyincreasedtransmissionrates.Therefore,theWANcommunicationrequirementsandcomplexityarehigh.

TheInternetistheglobalsystemofinterconnectedcomputernetworksthatusetheInternetprotocolsuite（TCP/IP）tolinkbillionsofdevicesworldwide.CommonmethodsofInternetaccessbyusersincludedial-upwithacomputermodemviatelephonecircuits,broadbandovercoaxialcable,fiberopticsorcopperwires,Wi-Fi,satelliteandcellulartelephonetechnology.Theshortcomingofinternetincludesveryvulnerabletointentionalattacks.

Section5Twobenefitsforeachofthethreedatacommunicationsystems

Localareanetwork

Enablesthesharingofhardwareonthenetwork.CrownCateringServicesCompanycanuselocalareanetworktoshareprinterthatcanimproveworkefficiency.

Savesduplicationofworkwithintheorganization.LocalareanetworkcanhelpCrownCateringServicesCompanytoSavesduplicationofwork.

Internet

Theuseofemailasacommunicationtool.Staffusetheinternettosendemailthateasyandsavetime.

Itenablesyoutocreatelinkswithcustomersandsuppliers.CrownCateringServicesCompany’sstaffcanusesinternetlinkswithcustomersandsupplierstohandlesbusiness.

Wideareanetwork

Increasedsecurityofdatathatisbackeduponfileserviceandrestrictedaccessthroughtheuseofpasswords.CrownCateringServicesCompanyuseWideareanetworktoenhanceddatasecurity.

Networksalsoallowdatatobeexchangedwithsuppliersandonlinepaymentfacilities,makingthemmuchmoreefficient.NetworkcanhelpCrownCateringServicesCompanywithsupplierstoexchangeddataandonlinepayment.

Section6Threethreatstosecurityofnetworkedinformation

Hackers

"Hacker"meansresearchoutsmartcomputersecuritysystemstaff.Useofpubliccommunicationsnetworks,suchasInternetandtelephonesystem,withoutpermission,toloadothersystem

Suggests:

TheCrownCateringServicesCompanyshouldgivedataencryptioninordertopreventhackerattacks,theCrownCateringServicesCompanytosuperviseeveryoneaccesstodatatoruleoutthehackers.

NaturalDisasters

Naturaldisasterscandestroyhardwarestoredata,suchasearthquakesandfloodscandestroyhardware’sdata.

Suggests

CrownCateringServicesCompanycanbuildadatabasewithoutaplaceofnaturaldisasters.Thecompanyregularlyupdatesandbackupofdata.

ComputerViruses

ComputerViruses:

Compilersisinsertedinacomputerprogramfunctionordestructionofcomputercodedata,canaffectcomputeruse,asetofcomputerinstructions,orself-replicatingcode.

Suggests

TheCrownCateringServicesCompanysavedatatoacomputerinstallanti-virussoftwareupgradetothelatestversion,andopenreal-timemoni