职称英语理工A试题参考和答案.docx

职称英语理工A试题参考和答案.docx

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职称英语理工A试题参考和答案

2014年职称英语《理工A》真题参考

　第1部分词汇选项

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1.Thiswasdisasteroncosmicscale.

　　A.modestB.commercial　C.hugeD.national

　　2.Newsecretariescameandwentwithmonotonousregularity.

　　A.amazingB.depressingC.predictableD.dull

　　3.Aperson’swealthisoftenininverseproportiontotheirhappiness.

　　A.equalB.certain　C.largeD.opposite

　　4.Hisprofessionalcareerspanned16years.

　　A.startedB.changed　C.lastedD.moved

　　5.Thesymptomsofthediseasemanifestedthemselvestendayslater.

　　A.easedB.improved　C.relievedD.appeared

　　6.Thegroupdoesnotadvocatetheuseofviolence.

　　A.limitB.support　C.regulateD.oppose

　　7.Shefeltthatshehaddonehergooddeedfortheday.

　　A.actB.homework　C.justiceD.model

　　8.Someofthelargerbirdscanremainstationaryintheairforseveralminutes.

　　A.motionlessB.silent　C.seatedD.true

　　9.Therewasaninclinationtotreatgeographyasalessimportantsubject.

　　A.pointB.result　C.findingD.tendency

　　10.Hisstomachfelthollowwithfear.

　　A.sincereB.respectful　C.emptyD.terrible

　　11.Thecommitteewasaskedtorenderareportonthehousingsituation.

　　A.copyB.publish　C.summarizeD.furnish

　　12.Thatuniformmakestheguardslookabsurd.

　　A.seriousB.beautiful　C.impressiveD.ridiculous

　　13.Thedepartmentdeferredthedecisionforsixmonths.

　　A.putoffB.arrivedat　C.abidedbyD.protestedagainst

　　14.Theoriginalexperimentcannotbeexactlyduplicated.

　　A.inventedB.reproduced　C.designedD.reported

　　15.Thecountrywastornapartbystrife.

　　A.conflictB.poverty　C.warD.economy

第2部分阅读判断

　　下面的短文列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提到的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的信息是错误的，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

　　ExperiencetheWorldin3DGame

　　Everwonderedhowyourcatordogseestheworld?

Nowyoucanlookthroughtheireyeswiththefirst3Dgamethatrecreatesthevisionofdifferentspeciesbasedonscientificevidence.

　　Theonlinesimulation,createdbytheFrench3DdesigncompanyDassaultSystèmes,withtheguidanceofveterinaryophthalmologist（眼科专家）DidierSchmidt-Morand,mimics（模仿）thevisionoffiveanimals–catsdogs,rats,hawksandbees–asaplayersteersthemthroughPlaceVend洀攀inParis.

　　Duetodifferencesinfieldofview,colourperceptionandnightvision,forexample,sightcanbedrasticallydifferentfromspeciestospecies."Intermsofperformance,eyesareasvariableasdifferentmodelsofcars,"saysSchmidt-Morand.

　　Thegamewascreatedbyusingexistingvirtualmodelsofthesquarethenapplyingeffectsbasedondescriptionsofeachanimal'svision.Dassault's3Dsoftwareallowsascenetobemodifiedbyaddingblurorchangingthecolours,angleofvisionanddepthoffield.

　　Althoughitwaseasytorecreatevisioninferiortothatofhumans–catsanddogs,forexample,havetroubledistinguishingshadesofred–replicatingfeaturesthatweareunabletoseewasachallenge.Hawkshavemoredetailedvisionthanours,whereasdogsarebetteratseeingmovementandhaveawiderfieldofview."Weusedvirtualcamerastopreciselysimulatelargerviewinganglesbuttheresultmadepeoplenauseous（令人作呕的）,"saysSchmidt-Morand."Sowetweaked（微调）themodeltogiveasenseofthewiderviewwithoutstickingtoreality."

　　Therat'sviewalsodepartsfromreality:

becausetheyarenear-sighted,everythingmorethan15centimetresawayisablur,sotheytypicallymoveclosetowallstohelpthemnavigate."Aratwouldneverthrowitselfintothemiddleofanopenarea,"saysSchmidt-Morand.Thesimulationforthisanimalissupplementedwithamapinthetoprightcornertohelpdeterminetherat'sposition:

becauseoftheirlimitedeyesight,mostlandmarksareobscured.

　　Thegameisintendedasaneducationalresourceandplayerscandiscusstheirexperiencewithothersthroughcommunityfeaturesonthewebsite.Ifthereisinterestfromschoolsandzoos,theteamhopestorecreatethevisionofmoreanimals.

　　16.ThegamedevelopedbyDassaultSystemesisthefirst3Dgamerecreatingthevisionofdifferentspecies.

　　A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

　　17.Dassault’s3Dsoftwaretakesdifferentperspectiveslikecolorperceptionandangleofvisionintoaccount.

　　A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

　　18.Theanimals’viewsinthesoftwarearethesameasthoseinreality.

　　A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

　　19.Dogshavelargerviewinganglesthanhumans.

　　A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

　　20.Ittakestheteamthelongesttimetorecreatetherat’sviewbecausethey’renear-sighted.

　　A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

　　21.Theteamisworkingonrecreatingthevisionofmoreanimals.

　　A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

　　22.Schmidt-Morand’sfavoriteanimaliscat.

　　A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分概括大意与完成句子

　　23.Paragraph2___________

　　24.Paragraph3___________

　　25.Paragraph4___________

　　26.Paragraph5___________

　　A.Risingofsealevels

　　B.Impactofburningfossilfuels

　　C.Fastfeedbacks

　　D.Slowfeedbacks

　　E.Unpredictabilityoffeedbackprocesses

　　F.Apredictionoffutureclimatechange

　　27.Arcticicehasneverbeenmeltingsofastin___________.

　　28.Meltingofsnowandiceenablessunlighttoreach___________.

　　29.Zeebecameupwithhisfutureclimatepredictionbyanalyzing___________.

　　30.Afterfossilfuelsareusedup,globalwarmingwillcontinuefor___________.

　　A.theexposedground

　　B.averylongtime

　　C.theextraheat

　　D.recordedhistory

　　E.previouslypublishedstudies

　　F.rapidexaggerationofimpacts

第4部分，阅读理解

　　第一篇　TheNorthernLights

　　Thesunisstormyandhasitownkindofweather.ItissohotandactivethateventheSun’sgravitycannotholditsatmosphereincheck!

EnergyflowsawayfromtheSuntowardtheEarthinastreamofelectrifiedparticlesthatmoveatspeedsaroundamillionmilesperhour.Theseparticlesarecalledplasma,andthestreamofplasmacomingfromtheSuniscalledthesolarwind.ThemoreactivetheSun,thestrongerthesolarwind.

　　ThesolarwindconstantlystreamstowardtheEarth,butdon’tworrybecauseaprotectivemagneticfieldssurroundsourplanet.ThesamemagneticfieldthatmakesyourcompasspointnorthalsosteerstheparticlesfromtheSuntothenorthandsouthpoles.ThechargedparticlesbecometrappedinmagneticbeltsaroundtheEarth.WhenalargeblastofsolarwindcrashesintotheEarth’smagneticfieldfirstgetssqueezedandthenthemagneticfieldlinesbreakandreconnect.

　　ThebreakingandreconnectingofthemagneticfieldlinescancauseatomicparticlescalledelectronstrappedinthebeltstofallintotheEarth’satmosphereatthepoles.AstheelectronsfallintotheEarth,theycollidewithgasmoleculesintheatmosphere,creatingflashesoflightinthesky.

　　Eachatmosphericgasglowsadifferentcolor.Oxygenandnitrogenglowsredandgreenandnitrogenglowsviolet-purple.Asthesevariouscolorsglowanddanceinthenightsky,theycreatetheNorthernLightsandtheSouthernLights.

　　Watchingauroras（北极光）isfunandexciting,butnormallyyoucanonlyseetheminplacesfarnorthlikeAlaskaandCanada.Themovementoftheauroraacrosstheskyisusuallyslowenoughtoeasilyfollowwithyoureyesbuttheycanalsopulsate（跳动）,flicker（闪烁）,orevenmovelikewaves.Duringsolarmaximum,5aurorasareseenasfarsouthasFlorida,evenMexico!

Aurorasoftenseemtobeveryclosetotheground,butthelowestauroraisstillabout100kilometersabovetheground,adistancemuchhigherthancloudsareformedorairplanescanfly.Atypicalaurorabandcanbethousandsofkilometerslong,afewhundredkilometershigh,butonlyafewhundredmetersthick.

　　Wehopeyouareabletotraveltofar-northplacesliketheArcticCircleandseetheNorthernLightsatleastonceduringyourlifetime.Weknowyouwillneverforgetit!

　　36.Thesolarwindcomesintobeingasaresultof______

　　A.disappearanceoftheSun’sgravity.

　　B.unpredictableweatheroftheSun.

　　C.fastflowofenergyawayfromtheSun.

　　D.astreamofparticlesbeingblownaway.

　　37.WhathappenswhensolarwindcomestotheEarth?

　　A.Aprotectivemagneticfieldisformedatthesametime.

　　B.ItistrappedinmagneticbeltsaroundtheEarth.

　　C.ItdestroystheprotectivemagneticfieldsurroundingtheEarth.

　　D.Itbreaksmagneticfieldlinesanddoesseveredamagetothe?

?

?

　　38.TheNorthernLightsarecreatedwhen______

　　A.atomicparticlesfalltotheEarthandcollidewithatmosphericgases.

　　B.themagneticfieldlinesfailtoreconnect.

　　C.theelectronsfallingtotheEarthshineindifferentcolors.

　　D.oxygenandnitrogenareseparatedfromtheatmosphericgases.

　　39.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheNorthernLights?

　　A.Theirmovementisslowenoughtobeobservedwiththeeyes.

　　B.PeoplecannotseethemunlesstravelingtoAlaskaorCanada

　　C.Theyareveryclosetotheground.

　　D.Theyareverylongandthick.

　　40.Whatistheauthor’stonetowardtheNorthernLights?

　　A.Indifferent

　　B.Sarcastic

　　C.Sharp

　　D.Appreciative

第二篇Eye-trackerLotsYouDragandDropFileswithaGlance

　　Boredofusingamouse?

Soonyou'llbeabletochangestuffonyourcomputerscreen–andthenmoveitdirectlyontoyoursmartphoneortablet（平板电脑）–withnothingmorethanaglance.

　　AsystemcalledEyeDropusesahead-mountedeyetrackerthatsimultaneouslyrecordsyourfieldofviewsoitknowswhereyouarelookingonthescreen.Gazingatanobject–aphoto,say–andthenpressingakey,selectsthatobject.Itcanthenbemovedfromthescreentoatabletorsmartphonejustbyglancingattheseconddevice,aslongasthetwoareconnectedwirelessly.

　　"Thebeautyofusinggazetosupportthisisthatoureyesnaturallyfocusoncontentth