高校英语四级阅读理解练习题.docx

高校英语四级阅读理解练习题.docx

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高校英语四级阅读理解练习题

高校英语四级阅读理解练习题

高校英语四级阅读理解练习题

　　SectionA

　　Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

　　Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Adepartmentstore’sinputsincludethelanduponwhichthebuildingislocated,thelaboroftheemployees,（47）______intheformofbuilding,equipmentandmerchandise,andthemanagementskillsofthestoremanagers.Onafarm,theoperationsystemisthetransformationthatoccurswhenafarmer’s（48）______（land,equipment,labor,etc.）areconvertedintosuchoutputsascorn,wheatormilk.Theexactformoftheconversionprocess（49）______fromindustrytoindustry,butitisan（50）______phenomenonthatexistsineveryindustry.Economistsrefertothis（51）______ofresourcesintogoodsandservicesastheproductionfunction.Foralloperationsystems,thegeneralgoalistocreatesomekindofvalue-addedoutputsthatareworthmoretoconsumersthanjustthesumoftheinputs.Totheconsumers,theresultingproducts（52）______utilityduetotheform,thetime,ortheplaceoftheiravailabilityfromtheconversionprocess.

　　However,theprocessissubjecttorandomchanges.Unplannedoruncontrollableinfluencesmaycausetheactualoutputtodifferfromplannedoutput.Randomfluctuationscanarisefromexternaldisruption（fire,floodsorlightning,forexample）orfrom（53）______problemsinherentintheconversionprocess.Inherentvariabilityofequipment,materialimperfections,andhumanerrorsallaffectoutputquality（54）______.Infact,randomvariationsaretheruleratherthantheexceptioninproductionprocesses;therefore,（55）_____variationbecomesamajormanagementtask.

　　Thefunctionofthefeedbackistoprovide（56）______linkages.Withoutsomefeedbackofinformation,managementpersonnelcannotcontroloperationsbecausetheydontknowtheresultsoftheirdirections.

　　A）offer

　　B）capital

　　C）medium

　　D）difficult

　　E）varies

　　F）differently

　　G）proposal

　　H）transformationI）beautifully

　　J）economic

　　K）reducing

　　L）internal

　　M）inputs

　　N）afford

　　O）information

　　SectionB

　　Directions:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

　　PassageOne

　　Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Mostofthepeoplewhoappearmostoftenandmostgloriouslyinthehistorybooksaregreatconquerorsandgeneralsandsoldiers,whereasthepeoplewhoreallyhelpedcivilizationforwardareoftennevermentionedatall.Wedonotknowwhofirstsetabrokenleg,orlaunchedaseaworthyboat,orcalculatedthelengthoftheyear,ormanured（施肥）afield;butweknowallaboutthekillersanddestroyers.Peoplethinkagreatdealofthem,somuchsothatonallthehighestpillarsinthegreatcitiesoftheworldyouwillfindthefigureofaconquerororageneralorasoldier.AndIthinkmostpeoplebelievethatthegreatestcountriesarethosethathavebeateninbattlethegreatestnumberofothercountriesandruledoverthemasconquerors.Itisjustpossibletheyare,buttheyarenotthemostcivilized.

　　Animalsfight;sodosavages（野蛮人）;hencetobegoodatfightingistobegoodinthewayinwhichananimalorasavageisgood,butitisnottobecivilized.Evenbeinggoodatgettingotherpeopletofightforyouandtellingthemhowtodoitmostefficiently---this,afterall,iswhatconquerorsandgeneralshavedone---isnotbeingcivilized.Peoplefighttosettlequarrels.Fightingmeanskilling,andcivilizedpeoplesoughttobeabletofindsomewayofsettlingtheirdisputesotherthanbyseeingwhichsidecankilloffthegreaternumberoftheotherside,andthensayingthatthatsidewhichhaskilledmosthaswon.Anditnotonlyhaswon,but,becauseithaswon,hasbeenintheright.Forthatiswhatgoingtowarmeans;itmeanssayingthatmightisright.

　　Thatiswhatthestoryofmankindhasonthewholebeenlike.Evenourownagehasfoughtthetwogreatestwarsinhistory,inwhichmillionsofpeoplewerekilledordisabled.Andwhiletodayitistruethatpeopledonotfightandkilleachotherinthestreets---while,thatistosay,wehavegottothestageofkeepingtherulesandbehavingproperlytoeachotherindailylife---nationsandcountrieshavenotlearnttodothisyet,andstillbehavelikesavages.

　　57.Intheopeningsentencetheauthorindicatesthat________.

　　A）mosthistorybookswerewrittenbyconquerors,generalsandsoldiers.

　　B）thosewhotrulyhelpedcivilizationforwardisrarelymentionedinhistorybooks.

　　C）historybooksfocusmoreonconquerorsthanonthosewhohelpedcivilizationforward.

　　D）conquerors,generalsandsoldiersshouldnotbementionedinhistorybooks.

　　58.Intheauthor’sopinion,thecountriesthatruledoveralargenumberofothercountriesare________.

　　A）certainlyboththegreatestandthemostcivilized

　　B）neitherthemostinfluentialnorthemostcivilized.

　　C）possiblythemostcivilizedbutnotthemostpowerful.

　　D）likelythegreatestinsomesensebutnotthemostcivilized.

　　59.Themeaningof“Thatiswhatgoingtowarmeans;itmeanssayingthatmightisright.”（LastsentenceofParagraph2）isthat________.

　　A）thosewhofightbelievethatthewinnerisrightandtheloserwrong.

　　B）onlythosewhoarepowerfulhavetherighttogotowar.

　　C）thosewhoarerightshouldfightagainstthosewhoarewrong.

　　D）inawaronlythosewhoarepowerfulwillwin.

　　60.Inthethirdparagraph,whattheauthorwantstoconveytousisthat________.

　　A）WorldWarIandWorldWarIIaredifferentfrompreviouswars.

　　B）ourageisnotmuchbetterthanthoseofthepast.

　　C）moderntimeisnotsocivilizedcomparedwiththepast.

　　D）wehavefoughtfewerwarsbutsufferedheaviercasualties.

　　61.Thispassageismostlikelytakenfromanarticleentitled________.

　　A）WarandWorldPeace

　　B）CreatorsofCivilization

　　C）CivilizationandHistory

　　D）WhoShouldBeRemembered

　　PassageTwo

　　Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Themotorvehiclehaskilledanddisabledmorepeopleinitsbriefhistorythananybomborweaponeverinvented.Muchofthebloodonthestreetflowsessentiallyfromuncivilbehaviorofdriverswhorefusetorespectthelegalandmoralrightsofothers.Sothemassacreontheroadmayberegardedasasocialproblem.

　　Infact,theenemiesofsocietyonwheelsareratherharmlesspeopleorordinarypeopleactingcarelessly,youmightsay.Butitisaprinciplebothoflawandcommonmoralitythatcarelessnessisnoexcusewhenonesactionscouldbringdeathordamagetoothers.Aminorityofthekillersgoevenbeyondcarelessnesstototalnegligence.

　　Researchershaveestimatedthatasmanyas80percentofallautomobileaccidentscanbeattributedtothepsychologicalconditionofthedriver.Emotionalupsetscandistortdriversreactions,slowtheirjudgment,andblindthemtodangersthatmightotherwisebeevident.Theexpertswarnthatitisvitalforeverydrivertomakeaconsciousefforttokeeponesemotionsundercontrol.

　　Yettheirresponsibilitythataccountsformuchoftheproblemisnotconfinedtodrivers.Streetwalkersregularlyviolatetrafficregulations;theyareatfaultinmostvehiclewalkeraccidents.Andmanycyclistsevenbelievethattheyarenotsubjecttothebasicrulesoftheroad.

　　Significantlegaladvanceshavebeenmadetowardssaferdrivinginthepastfewyears.Safetystandardsforvehiclehavebeenraisedbothatthepointofmanufactureandthroughperiodicroad-worthinessinspections.Inaddition,speedlimitshavebeenlowered.Duetothesemeasures,theaccidentratehasdecreased.Buttheaccidentexpertsstillworrybecausetherehasbeenlittleornoimprovementinthewaydriversbehave.Theonlyrealandlastingsolution,saytheexperts,istoconvincepeoplethatdrivingisaskilledtaskrequiringconstantcareandconcentration.Thosewhofailtodoallthesethingsposeathreattothosewithwhomtheysharetheroad.

　　62.Theword“massacre”inline3paragraphonemeans_____

　　A）mass-killing.

　　B）disaster.

　　C）tragedy.

　　D）accident.

　　63.Whatistheauthorsmainpurposeinwritingthepassage?

　　A）Toshowthatthemotorvehicleisaverydangerousinvention.

　　B）Topromoteunderstandingbetweencarelessdriversandstreetwalkers.

　　C）Todiscusstrafficproblemsandproposepossiblesolutions.

　　D）Towarndriversoftheimportanceofsafedriving.

　　64.Accordingtothepassage,trafficaccidentsmayberegardedasasocialproblembecause_____.

　　A）autoshavebecomemostdestructivetomankind

　　B）peopleusuallypaylittleattentiontolawandmorality

　　C）civilizationbringsmuchharmtopeople

　　D）thelackofvirtueisbecomingmoresevere

　　65.WhydoestheauthormentionthepsychologicalconditionofthedriverinParagraphThree?

　　A）Togiveanexampleofthevariousreasonsforroadaccidents.

　　B）Toshowhowimportantitisfordriverstobeemotionallyhealthy.

　　C）Toshowsomeoftheinaccurateestimationsbyresear