河北省衡水中学届高三上学期七调考试英语模拟精校解析 Word版.docx

河北省衡水中学届高三上学期七调考试英语模拟精校解析 Word版.docx

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河北省衡水中学届高三上学期七调考试英语模拟精校解析Word版

河北省衡水中学2018届高三上学期七模考试

英语试题

第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

NeilJordan,aconservationbiologist,hascomeupwithanovelmethodforprotectingcattlefromAfricanlions:

painteyesontheirbehinds.Thelionswillthinktheirintendedpreyhasseenthemandwillgiveup,sincethey’velosttheelementofsurprise.

Thispsychologicaltrickeryhasbeencalled“iCow”,whichisactuallynotasstrangeasitsounds.Theeye-likepatternsonbutterflywingsareknowntopreventpreyingbirdsandwoodcuttersinIndianforestswearmasksonthebacksoftheirheadswhenworkingtodiscouragehungrytigers.

TheinspirationfortheiCowstrategycamewhileJordanwasbasedinavillageinBotswana,whentwolionesseswerekilledbylocalfarmerstorevengetheircattle’sdeath.TheAfricanlionisavulnerablespecies,withnumbersdroppingfromover100,000inthe1990stoabout30,000today.Muchofthatdeclineisduetothesekindsofrevengefulkillingsbecausefarmershavenoeffectivestrategiesforprotectingtheirherds.

“Lionsarehuntersthatliketoattackbysurprise.Theymoveslowly,quietlyandcarefullytotheirprey,getcloseandjumponthemunseen,”hesaid.WhenJordanwaswatchingalionfollowanantelopeoneday,henoticedtheliongaveupthehuntoncetheantelopespottedit.

Sohejoinedoneofthelocalfarmersona10-weektrialstudy,paintingeyesonone-thirdofaherdof62cattle.Whenthecattlereturnedeachnight,theytookaheadcounttoseehowmanyhadsurvived.Onlythreecowswerekilledbylionsduringthisperiod-allwithoutthepaintedeyesontheirbehinds.Andallthepaintedcowssurvived.However,Jordanwarnedthatsofarthisisjustapromisingidea.HeisnowbackinBotswanaforamoreambitiousstudy,armedwithGPSdevicestobettermonitorthemovementofpredatorsandprey.

1.TheiCowstrategyisdesignedto.

A.killthelionsB.warnthepreysofdanger

C.identifythecattleD.scareoffanimalsthatkill

2.Whenhunting,lionsliketo.

A.giveuphalfwayB.hesitatetotakeaction

C.chasetheirpreysteadilyD.launchsurprisingattacks

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.TheiCowstrategyislikelytobringgreatbenefit.

B.Inthe10-weektrialstudymorecattlewerekilled.

C.Thefarmerswilltaketheirrevengeonmorelions.

D.Neilgotinspirationfrompatternsonbutterflywings.

【答案】1.D2.D3.A

【解析】本文介绍iCow的战略，它很可能会带来巨大的利益。

1.D

推理判断题。

根据第二段Thispsychologicaltrickeryhasbeencalled“iCow”,whichisactuallynotasstrangeasitsounds.Theeye-likepatternsonbutterflywingsareknowntopreventpreyingbirdsandwoodcuttersinIndianforestswearmasksonthebacksoftheirheadswhenworkingtodiscouragehungrytigers.可知，iCow的策略是为了吓走那些杀死动物的动物。

故选D。

2.D

细节理解题。

根据第四段第一句“Lionsarehuntersthatliketoattackbysurprise.可知，狩猎时，狮子喜欢发动出人意料的袭击。

故选D。

3.A

推理判断题。

纵观全文，特别根据最后一段中Onlythreecowswerekilledbylionsduringthisperiod-allwithoutthepaintedeyesontheirbehinds.Andallthepaintedcowssurvived.However,Jordanwarnedthatsofarthisisjustapromisingidea.HeisnowbackinBotswanaforamoreambitiousstudy,armedwithGPSdevicestobettermonitorthemovementofpredatorsandprey.可知，iCow的战略很可能带来巨大的利益。

故选A。

B

Conformityinvolveschangingyourbehaviourto“fitin”or“goalong”withthepeoplearoundyou.Insomecases,thissocialinfluencemightinvolveagreeingwithoractinglikethemajorityofpeopleinaspecificgroup,orinvolvebehavinginaparticularwaytobeviewedas“normal”bythegroup.Actually,conformityissomethingthathappensregularlyinoursocialworld.Sometimeswe’reawareofourbehaviour,butinmanycasesithappenswithoutmuchthoughtorawarenessonourparts.Andeveninsomecaseswegoalongwiththingswedisagreewithorbehaveinwaysweknowweshouldn’t.

Therearecountlessexamplesofconformityinlife.Forinstance,ateenagerdressesinacertainstylebecausehewantstofitinwiththerestoftheteenagersinhissocialgroup.Awomanreadsabookforherbookclubandreallyenjoysit.Whensheattendsherbookclubmeeting,theothermembersalldislikethebook.Ratherthangoagainstthegroupopinion,shesimplyagreeswiththeothersthatthebookisterrible.

Whydoweconform?

Inmanycases,lookingtotherestofthegroupforcluesforhowweshouldbehavecanactuallybehelpful.Othersmighthavegreaterknowledgeorexperiencethanwedo,sofollowingtheirleadcanactuallybeinstructive.Andinsomecases,weconformtotheexpectationsofthegrouptoavoidlookingfoolish.Thistendencycanbecomeespeciallystronginsituationswherewearen’tquitesurehowtoact.Additionally,therearesomesituationswhereweconformjustinordertoavoidpunishmentsorgainrewards.

Therearemanyfactorsthatinfluenceconformity.Forexample,notknowinghowtoperformadifficulttaskmakespeoplemorelikelytoconform.Personalcharacteristicssuchasmotivationtoachieveandstrongleadershipabilitiesarelinkedwithadecreasedtendencytoconform.Andpeoplearemorelikelytoconforminsituationsthatinvolvebetweenthreeandfiveotherpeople.

4.Whatcanwelearnaboutconformityfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Actuallyitisrareforustoconform.

B.Blindconformityshouldbecriticized.

C.Sometimespeopletendtoconformunconsciously.

D.Conformitymeanschangingyourbehaviourreluctantly.

5.Whichofthefollowingisacaseofconformity?

A.Joiningacertainorganization.

B.Followingtheongoingfashion.

C.Sharingsomethingpersonalwithothers.

D.Givingupyourcreativeideascautiously.

6.Whenarewemostlikelytoconformaccordingtothetext?

A.Whenweareataloss.

B.Whenwearerejected.

C.Whenwefeelthreatened.

D.Whenwefeeluncomfortable.

7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Conformitycannotbeavoidedbyanyone.

B.Conformityislinkedtothesizeofthegroup.

C.Conformityisanaturalresponsetochallenges.

D.Conformityisn’trelatedtoindividualdifferences.

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B

【解析】从众行为包括改变你的行为，使你“合群”或“与周围的人相处”。

本文介绍了从众行为的原因和因素。

4.C

5.B

推理判断题。

根据第一段第一句Conformityinvolveschangingyourbehaviourto“fitin”or“goalong”withthepeoplearoundyou.由此可推知，“跟随正在进行的时尚”是“符合”的一个例子。

可知答案为B。

6.A

推理判断题。

根据第三段中Thistendencycanbecomeespeciallystronginsituationswherewearen’tquitesurehowtoact.可知，当人们不知所措的时候，我们最有可能遵循。

根据句意可知答案为A。

7.B

推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句Andpeoplearemorelikelytoconforminsituationsthatinvolvebetweenthreeandfiveotherpeople.可知，从众性与群体的大小有关。

故选B。

C

Overadecadeago,scientistsalreadyrecognizedthepotentialsmartclothswithsensors（传感器）couldimprovewell-being.Nowadaystheindustryisstartingtotargetspecifichealthconditions.Oneexampleisdiabetes.Now,SirenCarehasdevelopedaninjury-detectingsockthatcouldhelppeoplewithdiabetespreventdisability.Earlydetectionisimportantinthisprocess.Sinceskinulcers（溃疡）areaccompaniedbyariseintemperature,studiesshowthatdetectingfootskintemperatureathomecouldsignificantlyreduceskinulcers.Basedonthis,Sirenproducedasockthatcanmeasurefoottemperatureinrealtime.

What’sspecialaboutSiren’sproductisthatthesensorsexistinthefabricofthesock.Theproductispoweredby“SirenSmart”,akindofelectronicyarn（纱线）.TheyweavetheyarnintoasockusingordinaryweavingmachinesandconnectthefinalproducttoaPCBbattery,whoselifetimeistwomonthsifuseddaily.Thesocksareonlyonwhenthey’reworn;theygointosleepmodewhenoff.

AlldatafromthesocksissenttotheSirenappusingBluetoothtechnology,sotheusercanknowtheconditionofhis/herfeetinrealtime.Theapplicationgivesfoothealthscoresand,whennecessary,warnstheusertoadjustactivityorseeahealthcareprofessional.

RanMa,thecompany’sCEO,explainsthesockcantelltheuserwhentoseeadoctor.Thesocksaremachine-washable,anddon’tneedtobecharged.Everysixmonths,theusergetsanewboxwithsevenpairsofsockstoreplacetheusedones.

SirenpresentedtheirproductthisyearinLasVegasandannouncedthatthey’replanningtostartshippingtheirsocksthissummer.Moreexcitingly,Sirenisalreadyplanningfutureapplicationsthatwillgobeyonddiabetescare.Anyway,assmartclothingbecomesaccessible,you’llbegintoseethishealthtechnologybecomemorecommon.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph1referto?

A.Theresultofthestudy.B.Theproblemwithskins.

C.Thecauseofskinulcers.D.Theimportanceofearlydetection.

9.WhatcanwelearnaboutSiren’ssmartsockfromthesecondparagraph?

A.Itcanbecharged.B.Itissensitivetoskins.

C.Itssensorscanbeseen.D.Itiscomfortabletowear.

10.Whatshouldbethefunctionofthesmartsock?

A.Itcuresitsuserofpossibleillness.

B.Itinformsitsuserofhis/herfoothealth.

C.Itassistsitsusertomakeaquickerrecovery.

D.Ittestsitsuser’sphysicalstrengthinrealtime.

11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthesmartclothingindustry?

A.Ithasabrightfuture.B.Itisaprofitableindustry.

C.Itisreadilyavailable.D.Ithaswidelyapplied.

【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.A

【解析】十多年前，科学家们已经认识到有传感器的智能布可以改善健康状况。

本文介绍了Siren的智能袜子。

作者认为智能服装行业有一个美好的未来。

8.A

词义指代题。

根据第一段最后两句Sinceskinulcers（溃疡）areaccompaniedbyariseintemperature,studiesshowthatdetectingfootskintemperatureathomecouldsignificantlyreduceskinulcers.Basedonthis,Sirenproducedasockthatcanmeasurefoottemperatureinrealtime.因为皮肤溃疡伴随着温度的升高，研究表明，在家中发现足部皮肤温度可以显著减少皮肤溃疡。

以这为基础，Siren制作了一只袜子，它可以实时测量足部温度。

由此可推知，this指的是研究结果。

故选A。

9.B

推理判断题。

根据第二段最后一句Thesocksareonlyonwhenthey’reworn;the