江苏省如东中学届高三上学期英语能力题训练四.docx

江苏省如东中学届高三上学期英语能力题训练四.docx

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江苏省如东中学届高三上学期英语能力题训练四

江苏省如东中学2015-2016学年度第一学期高三英语能力题训练四

一、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1分；满分20分）

CanadiansmartphonemakerResearchInMotion（RIM）,whichmakestheBlackBerry,saysit’sback.Thecompanyis1toreclaimamarketitoncedominatedby2twonewdevices.Thelastfewyearshavebeenapainfultimeforthecompanyascustomersdeserteditsplatformin3ofnewerandmore4devices.Thismaybethecompany’slastchanceto5avitalplayerinanincreasinglycrowdedmarketplace.

Twobrandnewdevicesareperhapsafresh6foracompanythathasseenitsglobalmarketshare7from20percentthreeyearsagotojustover3percenttoday.

ForBlackBerryCEOThorstenHeins,it’sanotherchancetoremakeafaded8.“Wehave9beenonajourneyoftransformation,notonlyajourneytotransformourbusinessandourbrand,10onethatItruly11transformsmobilecommunicationsintotruemobilecomputing,”hesaid.

Thecompanypromisesthesame12levelofnetworksecuritytheBlackBerryisknownfor,13afastnewbrowserandamoreintuitiveoperatingsystem.TheZ1014muchlikethetouch-screenphonespopularizedbyitscompetitors,buttheQ10maintainsthe“qwerty”keyboardthathasbecomeBlackBerry’strademark.

Besidesthetechnicalandcosmetic（外观上的）updates,HeinssaysthecompanywillnolongerbecalledRIMorResearchInMotion.

“OurcustomersuseaBlackBerry,our15workforBlackBerryandourshareholdersareownersofBlackBerry.Fromtodayon,weareBlackBerry16intheworld,”hesaid.

Shareholderswillbewatchingifcustomers17thenewdevices.Thecompany’sstockhasdroppedasmuchas90percentinthelastfouryearsasitlost18tocompetitors.Butcompanyshareshavedoubledinthelastfourmonthsasanticipation19forthenewmodels.

Analystssaythenewdevicescouldmakeor20acompany,whichmanypeoplepraiseforstartingthetechnologicalrevolutioninsmart-phones.

1.A.refusingB.tryingC.urgingD.pretending

2.A.introducingB.reviewingC.rejectingD.discovering

3.A.favorB.chargeC.honorD.defense

4.A.popularB.expensiveC.complicatedD.familiar

5.A.replaceB.reactC.remainD.reset

6.A.recordB.dilemmaC.endD.start

7.A.loseB.increaseC.riseD.fall

8.A.brandB.tradeC.techniqueD.phone

9.A.speciallyB.definitelyC.doubtfullyD.essentially

10.A.andB.orC.butD.so

11.A.agreeB.believeC.suspectD.deny

12.A.highB.averageC.backwardD.normal

13.A.exceptforB.regardlessofC.apartfromD.alongwith

14.A.soundsB.smellsC.looksD.finds

15.A.employeesB.consumersC.relativesD.competitors

16.A.howeverB.wheneverC.nowhereD.everywhere

17.A.adaptB.adjustC.adoptD.advocate

18.A.landB.groundC.soilD.earth

19.A.droppedB.changedC.remainedD.grew

20.A.desertB.abandonC.breakD.deny

二、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分；满分30分）

A

SurvivingtreasuresfromtheNationalMuseumofAfghanistan

AFGHANISTAN

CROSSROADSOFTHEANCIENTWORLD

3MARCH—3JULY2013

Attheheartofthesilkroad,AfghanistanlinkedthegreattradingroutesofancientIran,CentralAsia,IndianandChina,andthemoredistantculturesofGreeceandRome.

NearlylostduringtheyearsofcivilwarandlaterTaliban（塔利班）rule,preciousobjectsthatrevealthisdiversepastwerebravelyhiddenin1989byofficialsfromtheNationalMuseumofAfghanistantosavethemfromdestruction.

Thesurvivingtreasuresdatefrom2000BCtothe1stcenturyADandincludedrichgoldornaments（装饰品）foundataburialsiteandlimestone（石灰石）sculpturesofaGreekcity.

ThisisauniqueopportunitytodiscoverthestoryofAfghanistan’sancientculture,itsimmensefragility,andtheremarkablededication（奉献）showntoitssurvivalandprotection.

DETAILEDINFORMATION

OPENINGHOURS

TheexhibitionisopenlateonFridaysuntil20:

30.

￡10,membersfree

EXHIBITIONANDEVENTSBOOKING

www.britishmuseum.org

02073238181

MAKETHEMOSTOFYOURVISIT

﹡Onweekdays,takeadvantageofaclassicafternoonteapackageintheCourtRestaurantforjust￡26（includingexhibitionticket）.

﹡Theexhibitioncatalogue（￡25paperback）andotherrelatedtitlesareavailableinthemuseumshopsoronlineatwww.britishmuseum.org/shop.

﹡TheexhibitionMultimediaGuide（￡1）isavailableattheexhibitionentrance.

﹡Ifyouarevisitingwithagroup,askforthegroupticketprice.Detailsongrouplecturepackagesareavailableatwww.britishmuseum.org/groupvisits.

SPECIALEVENTS

﹡Nowruz

Monday18March,17:

30.

Nowruz,orNewYear,iscelebratedinmanycountriesfromAfghanistanandIrantoUzbekistan.

17:

30~18:

00Entrancetoexhibition.

19:

00TalksanddiscussiononNowruz.

￡15（includingexhibitionentry）.

﹡Performance:

TheartoftheAfghanrubab.

Tuesday14May,16:

30~17:

30.

AfghanrubabvirtuosoSoudiHomayunSakhiandtablaplayerYusufMahmoudgiveaperformanceofafullragaandfolkpieces.

￡5,members￡3.

﹡Easterholidayactivities

Thursday18~Monday22April,11:

00~16:

00.

ExploretherichcultureofAfghanistan.ListentostoriesofAlexandertheGreat,trymakingakiteandbeinspiredbythetreasuresfromtheHillofGold.

Suitableforallages.

Free,justdropin.

21.Whenseeing“TheartoftheAfgahanrubab”,atouristcanpaylessby________.

A.bookingticketsonlineB.attendingtalksanddiscussiononNowruz

C.callingat02073238181D.becomingamemberoftheBritishMuseum

22.Wherecanyoumostprobablyfindthispassage?

A.Inahighschooltextbook.B.Inahistorymagazine.

C.Inastate-ownednewspaper.D.Inatraveler’sbooklet.

B

Inthissection,weareconcernedwithreconstructivememory.Supposeyouaretryingtoremembersomeevent.Reconstructivememorywouldinvolvecombiningthepiecesofinformationabouttheeventyoucanrememberwithyourrelevantknowledgeandexperiencetoreconstructwhatprobablyhappened.Theconceptofreconstructivememoryisrelatedtoschematheory.Aschemaisanorganizedpackageofinformationcontainingyourknowledgeabouttheworld;ithelpsustomakesenseofitall.Schemasarestoredinlong-termmemory.YourschemastellyouthatifyouwerewearingaT-shirtitwaslikelytobesummer.Bower,Black,andTurnershowedthatmostpeoplesharesimilarschemas.Mostpeoplelistedthefollowingasthemostimportanteventsassociatedwithhavingarestaurantmeal:

sittingdown,lookingatthemenu,ordering,eating,payingthebill,andleavingtherestaurant.

Intheearly1930s,itwasgenerallyassumedthatmemorysimplyinvolvesrememberingtheinformationpresentedtous.HoweverBartlettarguedthatmemorywasoftenmorecomplexthanthat,inthatpreviousknowledgeintheformofschemashasinfluenceonourmemory.Hethoughtwhatwasofkeyimportancewastoaskparticipantstomemorizeatextselectedtoproduceconflictbetweenitscontentsandtheirknowledgeoftheworld.Asaresult,theparticipantswouldconnecttheirownschemastothecontents.Thiswouldresultinmisrepresentationofthematerial.Forexample,ifpeoplereadastorytakenfromadifferentculture,thenthiswouldcontainwordsandconceptsthatwereforeignItwouldbelikelythattheparticipants'previousknowledgewouldinfluencethewaythisinformationwasremembered,makingitmoreacceptablefromthestandpointoftheirownculturalbackground.

Bartlett'sworksuggestedthattheprocessofrememberingthingsisanactivereconstructionofthebitsthatarestored.Whatisinvolvedherehasbeencomparedtousingafewdinosaurbonestoreconstructwhatthedinosaurprobablylookedlike.Whenyoulearnsomething,itisactuallyonlyelementsoftheexperiencethatarestored.

Soreconstructionsaremadebycombiningtherealelementsofamemorywithyourknowledgeoftheworld.Ourprejudiceswillinfluencewhatwethinkwehaveseen,andhowwelaterrecalltheinformation.

23.HowdoestheauthorexplaintheschematheoryinParagraphl?

A.Byexplainingprinciplesindailylife.B.Bycomparingdifferentevents.

C.Byreportingexperimentresults.D.Bygivingcommonexamples.

24.Whatisschema?

A.Anorganizedpackageofinformationthatmakessensetopeople.

B.Relevantinformationshowingyourunderstandingoftheworld.

C.Piecesofinformationabouttheeventyoucanremember.

D.Themostimportanteventsassociatedwitheachother.

25.Bartlettbelievedthat___________.

A.earlierexperiencewouldaffectwhatpeoplerecalled

B.memorywasmorecomplexthanwhatschematheorysupported

C.conflictexistedinpeople'sknowledgeoftheworld

D.peopletendedtomakeinformationacceptable

26.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Whathelpsregainmemory.B.Howmemoryisreconstructed.

C.Whattherealelementsofmemoryare.D.Howschematheoryinfluencesmemory.

C

America’sbusinessesaregettingolderandfatter,whilemanynewbusinessesaredyingininfancy.

AstudylastmonthbytheBrookingsInstitutionfoundthattheproportionofolderfirmshasgrownsteadilyoverseveraldecades,whilethesurvivalrateofnewcompanieshasfallen.Inaddition,youngpeoplearestartingcompaniesatasharplylowerratethaninthepast.

AnewreportfromtheNationalAssociationofManufacturersshowsamajorcause:

Thecostofobeyinggovernmentregulationshasrisentomorethan$2trillion（12.26trillionyuan）annually,or12percentoftheGDP,andthiscostfallsdisproportionatelyonsmaller,newerbusinesses.

It’srisky,difficultandexpensivetostartabusiness,andgettingmoreso.Governmentsareimposingvariousnewrulesonaseeminglydailybasis:

healthinsurance,minimumwageincreasesand,mostrecentlyinCalifornia,compul