全国卷Ⅲ英语高考试题文档版.docx

全国卷Ⅲ英语高考试题文档版.docx

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全国卷Ⅲ英语高考试题文档版

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷III）

英语

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

OPENINGSANDPREVIEWS

AnimalsOutofPaper

Yolo！

ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhichanorigami（折纸术）artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.MerriMilwedirects.Inpreviews.Opens.（WestParkPresbyterianChurch,165.）

TheAudience

HelenMirrenstarsintheplaybyPeterMorgan，aboutQueenElizabethIIoftheUKandherprivatemeetingswithtwelvePrimeMinistersinthecourseofsixtyyears.StephenDaldrydirects.AlsostarringDylanBakerandJudithIvey.Previewsbegin.（Schoenfeld，236.）

Hamilton

Lin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamilton，inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.ThomasKaildirects.Inpreviews.Opens.（Public，425Lafayette.）

OntheTwentiethCentury

KristinChenowethandPeterGallagherstarinthemusicalcomedybyBettyComdenandAdolphGreen，aboutaBroadwayproducerwhotriestowinamoviestar’sloveduringacross-countrytrainjourney.ScottEllisdirects,forRoundaboutTheatreCompany.Previewsbegin.（AmericanAirlinesTheatre,227.）

21.WhatistheplaybyRajivJosephprobablyabout.

typeofart.teenager'sstudio.

greatteacher.groupofanimals.

22.WhoisthedirectorofTheAudience

A.HelenMirren.B.PeterMorgan.

C.DylanBaker.D.StephenDaldry.

23.WhichplaywillyougotoifyouareinterestedinAmericanhistory

A.AnimalsOutofPaper.B.TheAudience.

C.Hamilton.D.OntheTwentiethCentury.

B

ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.

"It'snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource（来源）ofinspirationfordesigners,"saysAmandaHill,chiefcreativeofficeratA+ENetworks,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion（时尚）shows.

Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart,withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics（美学）onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.

"Chinaisimpossibletooverlook,"saysHill."Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement."Ofcourse,onlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina—someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese."VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGaliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs-andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,"addsHill.

ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion."ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,"shesays."Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket;inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina—itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways."

canwelearnabouttheexhibitioninNewYork

A.Itpromotedthesalesofartworks.B.Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.

C.ItshowedancientChineseclothes.D.ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.

doesHillsayaboutChinesewomen

A.Theyaresettingthefashion.B.Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.

C.Theyadmiresupermodels.D.Theydobusinessallovertheworld.

dotheunderlinedwords"takingon"inparagraph4mean

A.learningfromB.lookingdownonC.workingwithD.competingagainst

canbeasuitabletitleforthetext

A.YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorld

ChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYork

C.DifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAesthetics

D.ChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrends

C

Beforethe1830s,mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.Accordingly,newspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeopleinpoliticsorthetrades.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthat.

Thetrend,then,wastowardthe"pennypaper"—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.

Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.Ithadbeenpossible（butnoteasy）tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtogodowntotheprinter'sofficetopurchaseacopy.Streetsaleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineasterncities.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny—usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged—andsomeoftheolderwell-knownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase"pennypaper"caughtthepublic'sfancy,andsoontherewouldbepapersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.

Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor"themanonthestreet"didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventures（企业）wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.

ofthefollowingbestdescribesnewspapersinAmericabeforethe1830s

A.Academic.B.Unattractive.C.Inexpensive.D.Confidential.

didstreetsalesmeantonewspapers

A.Theywouldbepricedhigher.B.Theywoulddisappearfromcities.

C.Theycouldhavemorereaders.D.Theycouldregainpublictrust.

werethenewspapersofthenewtrendtargetedat

A.Localpoliticians.B.Commonpeople.

C.Youngpublishers.D.Richbusinessmen.

canwesayaboutthebirthofthepennypaper

A.Itwasadifficultprocess.B.Itwasatemporarysuccess.

C.Itwasarobberyofthepoor.D.Itwasadisasterforprinters.

D

Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.

AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.

Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:

Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.

Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.

Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate（低估）asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:

Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction（小部分）ofthesmallernumbertoit.

"Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,"Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”

32.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem

A.Theyfedthem.B.Theynamedthem.

C.Theytrainedthem.D.Theymeasuredthem.

33.Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment

A.Bydrawingacircle.B.Bytouchingascreen.

C.Bywatchingvideos.D.Bymixingtwodrinks.

34.WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys

A.Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.

C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.

35.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear

A.Entertainment.B.Health.C.Education.D.Science.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatternsofcommunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant.36WhileIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach,theseareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogic（逻辑）ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance.

Do's

•37Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign,readthesyllabus（教学大纲）andlearningmanagementsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisn'thidinginplainsight.

•Participateindiscussionforums（论坛）,blogsandotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue.38Besuretostayontopicandnotofferirrelevantinformation.Makeapoint,andmakeitsafeforotherstodothesame.

Don'ts

•Don'tsharepersonalinformationorstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbe