研究奥巴马就职演讲中的美国价值观.docx

研究奥巴马就职演讲中的美国价值观.docx

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研究奥巴马就职演讲中的美国价值观

Acknowledgments

Thanksforgivingmethischaneetoachievethispaperandtomakeaconclusionformyfouryears'universityeducation.Throughwriting

thispaper,IhaveacquiredmoreknowledgethanIsupposed.

Mysincerethanksareduetomysupervisor,Ms.ZouQiangzhen,forhelpingmetoclarifymymindsandstrengthenthedepthofmythinking.

Here,Ialsowanttogivemythankstootherteachersandmyclassmateswhogavememuchhelp.Thankyou!

Abstracts

BarackObamaisthefirstAfricanAmericantohaveservedasapresident,aswellasanoutstandingorator.Hisinauguraladdressesattractedmuchattentionbothabroadandathomeeversincetheirdelivery.HetalksaboutAmericanconditionsinthreeways—

individual,societyandcountry,andexpresseshisviewsonlife,freedomaswellasthepursuitofhappiness.Hisaddressesarenotonlytheexpressionofsentencesandtheembodimentofinternalthought,butalsothesideofAmericanculture.ThestudyofthispaperisbasedonObama'stwoinauguralspeeches,andthepaperspecializesinanalyzingthecultureofAmericanvaluesthatcontainedinthesespeeches.DuetothedifferentsystemsofvaluesbetweenChinaandAmerica,ontheonehand,researchingonObama'swonderfulspeechescanallowChinesetohaveabetterrecognitionandunderstandingoftheconcretecontentsofAmericanvalues.Ontheotherhand,itcontributestoafurthercomprehensionofAmericansocietyandcultureandthepromotionofmutualcommunicationsandexchanges.

KeyWords:

Americanvalues;freedom;culture

摘要

奥巴马是美国第一任非洲裔总统，也是一位杰出的演说家。

他的就职演讲发表后引起了国内外广泛的关注，他从个人、社会、国家三个方面讲了美国的形势和国情，也表达了他对生存，自由的看法以及对幸福的追求。

他的演讲不仅仅

是言语的表达，内在思想的体现，更是美国文化的侧面体现。

本文以奥巴马的

两次就职演讲为研究对象，重点分析了演讲中体现出的美国价值观文化。

由于中美两国不同的价值观体系，研究奥巴马总统的精彩演说一方面有助于中国人更好地认识，理解美国人具体的价值观内容。

另一方面有助于中国人进一步了

解美国的社会和文化，增进彼此的沟通和交流关键词：

美国价值观；自由；文化

Contents

TOC\o"1-3"\h\z\u1.1Production1

2.ValuesandAmericanValues2

2.1TheDefinitionofValues2

2.2TheDefinitionofAmericanValues2

3.AmericanValuesinInauguralSpeechofObama3

3.1PursuingFreedom3

3.2EmphasizingEquality5

3.3ValuingPractice7

3.4PromotingInnovation8

3.5AdvocatingFairCompetition9

3.6UpholdingHardWork10

4.Conclusion11

Bibliography12

AStudyontheAmericanValuesinInauguralSpeechofBarackObama

1.Introduction

OnJanuary21st,2013,BarackObamadeliveredhissecondinauguraladdresstotheAmericanpublicasthePresidentoftheUnitedStates,andthefirstonewasin2009.BarackObamaisthefirstAfricanAmericantohaveservedasapresident,aswellasanoutstandingorator.Hisinauguraladdresseshaveattractedmuchattentionbothabroadandathomeeversinceitsdelivery.HetalksaboutAmericansituationsinthreeways—individual,societyandcountry.Thesubjectsofhisaddressesarelife,liberty,andthepursuitofhappinessaboutAmericans.ThesetwospeechesnotonlyhaveapowerfulpersuasionbutalsogiveafulldescriptionofAmericanculture.SoitisnecessarytoelaborateonObama'sspeeches.

Throughtheconsultingalargenumberofliteratures,relevantbooksandsearchingrelatedcontentontheInternet,itcanbeseeninrecentyearsthatalotofscholarshaveexploredthesetwospeeches

fromdifferentaspectsandgotspectacularfindings.Somescholars

studyObama'sinauguralspeechesfromtheperspectiveofrhetoric.

Forexample,ZhengLinlinstudiestheinfluenceofNeo-Aristotelian

rhetoriconObama'sspeeches（6）.Somescholarsstudythespeeches

fromtheperspectiveofIanguagecharacteristics.Somescholarsbased

onthetheoreticalframeworkoffunctionallinguistics,investigate

theexpressionofinterpersonalmeaninginObama'sinaugural

addressesaswellashowinterpersonalmeaningcontainedinthe

sourcespeechestextsareconvertedintoChinese.Intermsof

functionalequivalenee,somescholarsanalyzeObama'sspeechesfromtheperspectiveofliterature.Forexample,LiuQianstudythe

featureofliterarystyleofObama'sspeeches（5）.Somescholars

discusstheculturalconnotationimpliedinObama'sspeeches,for

example,WangXuemeiandLuoLingzhi'spapertitledObama'sSpeech

andAmericanCulture,revealsAmericanuniquepoliticalsystem,

traditionalcultureandvalues（80）.

But,fromtheaboveanalysis,itcanbefoundthatfewscholarsmake

afullanalysisofAmericanvaluesimpliedin

Obama'sinaugural

addresses.Forthisreason,thispaperoffersadiscussionof

AmericanvaluesthatcontainedinObama'sinauguraladdresses.With

respecttothesubstaneeofAmericanvalues,thesearehardwork,respectoffreedom,attachingmoreimportaneetorealitiesthanvision,thinkinghighlyoffaircompetition,enterpriseandinnovation,worshipequalityandpersonalstruggle.Forthefeature

ofAmericanvalues,wecanconcludethatitiswidelyinclusive

confluenee,andmoreorlessbeeninflueneedbytheirreligious

beliefs.

Americaemergedfrom13Britishcoloniesatthattime,butnowitis

adevelopedcountryonaglobescale,aninternationallypolitical

andculturalforceandaleaderinscientificresearchand

technologicalinnovations.SothispaperprobesintoAmericanvaluesinObama'sinauguralspeechescanallowChinesetohaveabetterrecognitionandunderstandingoftheconcretecontentsofAmericanvalues.Inadditionto,itcontributestoafurthercomprehensionofAmericansocietyandcultureandthepromotionofmutualcommunicationsandexchanges

2.ValuesandAmericanValues

InordertohaveadeepunderstandingofAmericanvaluesembodiedinObamasinauguralspeeches,itisnecessarytohaveaclearideawhatarevaluesandwhatareAmericanvalues.

2.1TheDefinitionofValues

Valuesarethebasiccriteriathatpeopleusetomeasuresomething.Theyarethewayofthinking,thereflectionofanation's

traditionalcultureandpsychologicalquality.Thenaturalandsocialenvironmentwherepeoplelive,aswellaspeople'ssocialstatusand

livingconditions,allofthosedeterminewhatkindofvaluespeople

have.Peoplelivinginthesameenvironmentwillformsimilarvalues.

Soeverysocietyhasitsownvalueswhichareacceptedbythewhole

public.Inlightofethics,valuesrefertothedegreeof

significanceofsomethingorsomebehavior,withtheaimof

determiningwhatisbestbehaviororwhatisbestwaytolive.Values

arecharacterizedbyobjectivity,subjectivity,sociallyhistorical

~TV・■・l■八■I-・%tI=■・,I，■

attributionandmultipledimensions.Valuesdominatepeople'sfaith,

attitude,outlookandbehavior,buttheyareofrelativestability

anddurability.People'svaluesarerelativelystableinspecific

locations,atparticulartimes,undergivenconditions.Forexample,

peoplealwayshavetheirownrulestocommentonsomething.Their

viewswillnotchangeuniesstheconditionsvary.Ofcourse,withthe

changeoftheireconomicstatus,lifevaluesandworldoutlook,

people'svaluesareindevelopment（Wang81）.

Valuesvaryfrompersontoperson.Everyonehashisownvalues

becauseeveryonehashisownlifeexperienceandsocialbackground.

Personalvaluesprovideaninternalreferenceforwhatisgood,

beneficial,important,useful,beautiful,desirableandconstructive.

Valuesgeneratebehaviorandinfluencethechoicesmadebyan

individual.Valuesrelatetothenormsofaculture,buttheyare

moreglobalandabstractthannorms,valuesareabstractconceptsof

whatisimportantandworthwhile.

Valueshaveacloserelationshipwithcultures,cultureisthesumofmaterialcivilizationandspiritualcivilizationcreatedbyacountryoranationduringtheprocessofsocialdevelopmentValuesarethereflectionthatpeoplehaveforsocialexistenee,whichbelongtospiritualwealth.Therefore,theformationofvaluesisbasedondifferentculturalbackgrounds.Differentculturesreflectthedifferentvalues.Makingadeepanalysisofvaluesishelpfulforknowingmoreaboutoneculture.

2.2TheDefinitionofAmericanValues

America,duetoitsmuchshorterhistory,vastlandarea,multiple

racesandbeliefs,formsitsownuniquevalues.Thecontentsof

Americanvaluesincludethefollowing:

Upholdinghardworkreferstofightforindividualandcountrywith

theaimofleadingbetterlife.

Pursuingfreedommeanspersonalfreedomisprotectedbysomelawsandcountry'sfreedommaintainsbyitsprosperousnationalstrengthandpowerfulmilitaryforce.

ValuingpracticereferstoAmericanpublicthinkhighlyofrealitiesmorethanwords,theywillmakeachoiceaccordingtothespecific

conditions.

EmphasizingequalitymeanseverycitizenistreatedequallywhetherheisfromthestreetsofDetroittothehillofAppalachiaorthequietlanesofNewtown.

Promotinginnovationmeanstoimprove,itcanbeeasilyseeninAmerica,forinstanee,presidentialelectionandalargeamountofinventions.

AdvocatingfaircompetitionmeansAmericanwillstruggletogetwhathewant,theybelievethatcompetitioncanproducechallengeandpressure,whicharebeneficialtotheirenterpriseandeconomy.

3.AmericanValuesinInauguralSpeechofObama

AmericanvaluesarebestembodiedinObama'stwoinauguralspeeches.UnlikeChinese,Americaismainlyanationofimmigrants,itsvaluesowedtomuchitshistory,ideology,politicandsoon.Asaconsequeneeofthesefactors,thisresearchitselfisenormous,abundantandcomplex.Sotheauthor