《论语》中英文对照版.pdf

《论语》中英文对照版.pdf

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论语论语CONFUCIANANALECTS1论论语语CONFUCIANANALECTS论语论语CONFUCIANANALECTS2学而第一学而第一子曰：

“学而时习之，不亦说乎？

有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？

人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？

”TheMastersaid:

Isitnotpleasanttolearnwithaconstantperseveranceandapplication?

Isitnotdelightfultohavefriendscomingfromdistantquarters?

Ishenotamanofcompletevirtue,whofeelsnodiscomposurethoughmenmaytakenonoteofhim?

有子曰：

“其为人也孝弟，而好犯上者，鲜矣；不好犯上，而好作乱者，未之有也。

君子务本，本立而道生。

孝弟也者，其为仁之本与！

”ThephilosopherYusaid,Theyarefewwho,beingfilialandfraternal,arefondofoffendingagainsttheirsuperiors.Therehavebeennone,who,notlikingtooffendagainsttheirsuperiors,havebeenfondofstirringupconfusion.Thesuperiormanbendshisattentiontowhatisradical.Thatbeingestablished,allpracticalcoursesnaturallygrowup.Filialpietyandfraternalsubmission,-aretheynottherootofallbenevolentactions?

子曰：

“巧言令色，鲜矣仁！

”TheMastersaid,Finewordsandaninsinuatingappearanceareseldomassociatedwithtruevirtue.曾子曰：

“吾日三省吾身为人谋而不忠乎？

于朋友交而不信乎？

传不习乎？

”ThephilosopherTsangsaid,Idailyexaminemyselfonthreepoints:

-whether,intransactingbusinessforothers,Imayhavebeennotfaithful;-whether,inintercoursewithfriends,Imayhavebeennotsincere;-whetherImayhavenotmasteredandpracticedtheinstructionsofmyteacher.子曰：

“道千乘之国，敬事而信，节用而爱人，使民以时。

”TheMastersaid,Toruleacountryofathousandchariots,theremustbereverentattentiontobusiness,andsincerity;economyinexpenditure,andloveformen;andtheemploymentofthepeopleattheproperseasons.子曰：

“弟子，入则孝，出则弟，谨而信，凡爱众，而亲仁。

行有余力，则以学文。

”TheMastersaid,Ayouth,whenathome,shouldbefilial,and,abroad,respectfultohiselders.Heshouldbeearnestandtruthful.Heshouldoverflowinlovetoall,andcultivatethefriendshipofthegood.Whenhehastimeandopportunity,aftertheperformanceofthesethings,heshouldemploytheminpolitestudies.子夏曰：

“贤贤易色；事父母，能竭其力；事君，能致其身；于朋友交，言而有信。

虽曰未学，吾必谓之学矣。

”论语论语CONFUCIANANALECTS3Tsze-hsiasaid,Ifamanwithdrawshismindfromtheloveofbeauty,andappliesitassincerelytotheloveofthevirtuous;if,inservinghisparents,hecanexerthisutmoststrength;if,inservinghisprince,hecandevotehislife;if,inhisintercoursewithhisfriends,hiswordsaresincere:

-althoughmensaythathehasnotlearned,Iwillcertainlysaythathehas.子曰：

“君子不重，则不威；学则不固。

主忠信。

无友不如己者。

过，则勿惮改。

”TheMastersaid,Ifthescholarbenotgrave,hewillnotcallforthanyveneration,andhislearningwillnotbesolid.Holdfaithfulnessandsincerityasfirstprinciples.Havenofriendsnotequaltoyourself.Whenyouhavefaults,donotfeartoabandonthem.曾子曰：

“慎终，追远，民德归厚矣。

”ThephilosopherTsangsaid,Lettherebeacarefulattentiontoperformthefuneralritestoparents,andletthembefollowedwhenlonggonewiththeceremoniesofsacrifice;-thenthevirtueofthepeoplewillresumeitsproperexcellence.子禽问於子贡曰：

“夫子至於是邦也，必闻其政，求之与？

抑与之与？

子贡曰：

“夫子温、良、恭、俭、让以得之。

夫子之求之也，其诸异乎人之求之与？

”Tsze-chinaskedTsze-kungsaying,Whenourmastercomestoanycountry,hedoesnotfailtolearnallaboutitsgovernment.Doesheaskhisinformation?

orisitgiventohim?

Tsze-kungsaid,Ourmasterisbenign,upright,courteous,temperate,andcomplaisantandthushegetshisinformation.Themastersmodeofaskinginformation,-isitnotdifferentfromthatofothermen?

子曰：

“父在，观其志；父没，观其行；三年无改於父之道，可谓孝矣。

”TheMastersaid,Whileamansfatherisalive,lookatthebentofhiswill;whenhisfatherisdead,lookathisconduct.Ifforthreeyearshedoesnotalterfromthewayofhisfather,hemaybecalledfilial.有子曰：

“礼之用，和为贵。

先王之道，斯为美；小大由之。

有所不行，知和而和，不以礼节之，亦不可行也。

”ThephilosopherYusaid,Inpracticingtherulesofpropriety,anaturaleaseistobeprized.Inthewaysprescribedbytheancientkings,thisistheexcellentquality,andinthingssmallandgreatwefollowthem.Yetitisnottobeobservedinallcases.Ifone,knowinghowsucheaseshouldbeprized,manifestsit,withoutregulatingitbytherulesofpropriety,thislikewiseisnottobedone.有子曰：

“信近於义，言可复也。

恭近於礼，远耻辱也。

因不失其亲，亦可宗也。

”ThephilosopherYusaid,Whenagreementsaremadeaccordingtowhatisright,whatisspokencanbemadegood.Whenrespectisshownaccordingtowhatisproper,onekeepsfarfromshameanddisgrace.Whenthepartiesuponwhomaman论语论语CONFUCIANANALECTS4leansareproperpersonstobeintimatewith,hecanmakethemhisguidesandmasters.子曰：

“君子食无求饱，居无求安，敏於事而慎於言，就有道而正焉，可谓好学也已。

”TheMastersaid,Hewhoaimstobeamanofcompletevirtueinhisfooddoesnotseektogratifyhisappetite,norinhisdwellingplacedoesheseektheappliancesofease;heisearnestinwhatheisdoing,andcarefulinhisspeech;hefrequentsthecompanyofmenofprinciplethathemayberectified:

-suchapersonmaybesaidindeedtolovetolearn.子贡曰：

“贫而无谄，富而无骄，何如？

”子曰：

“可也；未若贫而乐，富而好礼者也。

”子贡曰：

“诗云：

如切如磋，如琢如磨，其斯之谓与？

”子曰：

“赐也，始可与言诗已矣，告诸往而知来者。

”Tsze-kungsaid,Whatdoyoupronounceconcerningthepoormanwhoyetdoesnotflatter,andtherichmanwhoisnotproud?

TheMasterreplied,Theywilldo;buttheyarenotequaltohim,who,thoughpoor,isyetcheerful,andtohim,who,thoughrich,lovestherulesofpropriety.Tsze-kungreplied,ItissaidintheBookofPoetry,Asyoucutandthenfile,asyoucarveandthenpolish.-Themeaningisthesame,Iapprehend,asthatwhichyouhavejustexpressed.TheMastersaid,WithonelikeTsze,Icanbegintotalkabouttheodes.Itoldhimonepoint,andheknewitspropersequence.子曰：

“不患人之不己之，患不知人也。

”TheMastersaid,Iwillnotbeafflictedatmensnotknowingme;IwillbeafflictedthatIdonotknowmen.为政第二子曰：

“为政以德，誓如北辰居其所而众星共之。

”TheMastersaid,Hewhoexercisesgovernmentbymeansofhisvirtuemaybecomparedtothenorthpolarstar,whichkeepsitsplaceandallthestarsturntowardsit.子曰：

“诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：

思无邪。

”TheMastersaid,IntheBookofPoetryarethreehundredpieces,butthedesignofthemallmaybeembracedinonesentenceHavingnodepravedthoughts.子曰：

“道之以政，齐之以刑，民免而无耻；道之以德，齐之以礼，有耻且格。

”TheMastersaid,Ifthepeoplebeledbylaws,anduniformitysoughttobegiventhembypunishments,theywilltrytoavoidthepunishment,buthavenosense论语论语CONFUCIANANALECTS5ofshame.Iftheybeledbyvirtue,anduniformitysoughttobegiventhembytherulesofpropriety,theywillhavethesenseofshame,andmoreoverwillbecomegood.子曰：

“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。

”TheMastersaid,Atfifteen,Ihadmymindbentonlearning.Atthirty,Istoodfirm.Atforty,Ihadnodoubts.Atfifty,IknewthedecreesofHeaven.Atsixty,myearwasanobedientorganforthereceptionoftruth.Atseventy,Icouldfollowwhatmyheartdesired,withouttransgressingwhatwasright.孟懿子问孝。

子曰：

“无违。

”樊迟御，子告之曰：

“孟孙问孝於我，我对曰，无违”樊迟曰：

“何谓也？

”子曰：

“生，事之以礼；死，葬之以礼，祭之以礼。

”MangIaskedwhatfilialpietywas.TheMastersaid,Itisnotbeingdisobedient.Soonafter,asFanChihwasdrivinghim,theMastertoldhim,saying,Mang-sunaskedmewhatfilialpietywas,andIansweredhim,-notbeingdisobedient.FanChihsaid,Whatdidyoumean?

TheMasterreplied,Thatparents,whenalive,beservedaccordingtopropriety;that,whendead,theyshouldbeburiedaccordingtopropriety;andthattheyshouldbesacrificedtoaccordingtopropriety.孟武伯问孝。

子曰：

“父母唯其疾之忧。

”MangWuaskedwhatfilialpietywas.TheMastersaid,Parentsareanxiouslesttheirchildrenshouldbesick.子游问孝。

子曰：

“今之孝者，是谓能养。

至於犬马，皆能有养；不敬，何以别乎。

”Tsze-yuaskedwhatfilialpietywas.TheMastersaid,Thefilialpietynowadaysmeansthesupportofonesparents.Butdogsandhorseslikewiseareabletodosomethinginthewayofsupport;-withoutreverence,whatistheretodistinguishtheonesupportgivenfromtheother?

子夏问孝。

子曰：

“色难。

有事，弟子服其劳；有酒食，先生馔，曾是以为孝乎？

”Tsze-hsiaaskedwhatfilialpietywas.TheMastersaid,Thedifficultyiswiththecountenance.If,whentheireldershaveanytroublesomeaffairs,theyoungtakethetoilofthem,andif,whentheyounghavewineandfood,theysetthembeforetheirelders,isTHIStobeconsideredfilialpiety?

子曰：

“吾与回言终日，不违，如愚。

退儿省其私，亦足以发，回也不愚。

”TheMastersaid,IhavetalkedwithHuiforawholeday,andhehasnotmadeanyobjectiontoanythingIsaid;-asifhewerestupid.Hehasretired,andIhaveexaminedhisconductwhenawayfromme,andfoundhimabletoillustratemyteachings.Hui!

-Heisnotstupid.论语论语CONFUCIANANALECTS6子曰：

“视其所以，观其所由，察其所安。

人焉叟哉？

人焉叟哉？

”TheMastersaid,Seewhatamandoes.Markhismotives.Examineinwhatthingsherests.Howcanamanconcealhischaracter?

Howcanamanconcealhischaracter?

子曰：

“温故而知新，可以为师矣。

”TheMastersaid,Ifamankeepscherishinghisoldknowledge,soascontinuallytobeacquiringnew,hemaybeateacherofothers.子曰：

“君子不器。

”TheMastersaid,Theaccomplishedscholarisnotautensil.子贡问君子。

子曰：

“先行其言而后从之。

”Tsze-kungaskedwhatconstitutedthesuperiorman.TheMastersaid,Heactsbeforehespeaks,andafterwardsspeaksaccordingtohisactions.子曰：

“君子周而不比，小人比而不周。

”TheMastersaid,Thesuperiormaniscatholicandnotpartisan.Themeanmanispartisanandnotcatholic.子曰：

“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。

”TheMastersaid,Learningwithoutthoughtislaborlost;thoughtwithoutlearningisperilous.子曰：

“攻乎异端，斯害也己。

”TheMastersaid,Thestudyofstrangedoctrinesisinjuriousindeed!

子曰：

“由！

诲女知之乎！

知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。

”TheMastersaid,Yu,shallIteachyouwhatknowledgeis?

Whenyouknowathing,toholdthatyouknowit;andwhenyoudonotknowathing,toallowthatyoudonotknowit;-thisisknowledge.子张学干禄。

子曰：

“多闻阙疑，慎言其余，则寡尤。

多见阙殆，慎行其余，则寡悔。

言寡尤，行寡悔，禄在其中矣。

”Tsze-changwaslearningwithaviewtoofficialemolument.TheMastersaid,Hearmuchandputasidethepointsofwhichyoustandindoubt,whileyouspeakcautiouslyatthesametimeoftheothers:

-thenyouwillaffordfewoccasionsforblame.Seemuchandputasidethethingswhichseemperilous,whileyouarecautiousatthesametimeincarryingtheothersintopractice:

thenyouwillhavefewoccasionsforrepentance.Whenonegivesfewoccasionsforblameinhiswords,andfewoccasionsforrepentanceinhisconduct,heisinthewaytogetemolument.论语论语CONFUCIANANALECTS7哀公闻曰：

“何为则民服？

”孔子对曰：

“举直错诸