《论语》中英文对照版解读.docx

《论语》中英文对照版解读.docx

《《论语》中英文对照版解读.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《《论语》中英文对照版解读.docx（117页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

《论语》中英文对照版解读

有教无类。

Inteachingthereshouldbenodistinctionofclasses.

当仁，不让于师。

Whenitcomestobenevolence,oneneednotgiveprecedenceeventohisteacher.

学而时习之，不亦说乎？

Isitnotpleasanttolearnwithaconstantperseveranceandapplication?

温故而知新，可以为师矣。

Ifamankeepscherishinghisoldknowledge,soascontinuallytobeacquiringnew,hemaybeateacherofothers.

学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。

Learningwithoutthoughtislabourlost;thoughtwithoutlearningisperilous.

敏而好学，不耻下问。

Hewasofanactivenatureandyetfondoflearning,andhewasnotashamedtoaskandlearnofhisinferiors.

十室之邑，必有忠信，如丘者焉，不如丘之好学也。

Inahamletoftenfamilies,theremaybefoundonehonourableandsincereasIam,butnotsofondoflearning.

知之者，不如好之者，好之者，不如乐之者。

Theywhoknowthetrutharenotequaltothosewholoveit,andtheywholoveitarenotequaltothosewhodelightinit.

默而识之，学而不厌，诲人不倦，何有于我哉。

Thesilenttreasuringupofknowledge;learningwithoutsatiety;andinstructingotherswithoutbeingwearied--whichoneofthesethingsbelongstome?

我非生而知之者，好古，敏以求之者也。

Iamnotonewhowasborninthepossessionofknowledge;Iamonewhoisfondofantiquity,andearnestinseekingitthere.

三人行，必有我师焉。

择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。

WhenIwalkalongwithtwoothers,theymayservemeasmyteachers.Iwillselecttheirgoodqualitiesandfollowthem,theirbadqualitiesandavoidthem.

学如不及，犹恐失之。

Learnasifyoucouldnotreachyourobject,andwerealwaysfearingalsolestyoushouldloseit.

学而第一

『⒈１』子曰：

“学而时习之，不亦说乎？

有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？

人不知而不愠，

不亦君子乎？

”

TheMastersaid:

"Isitnotpleasanttolearnwithaconstantperseveranceandapplication?

"Isitnotdelightfultohavefriendscomingfromdistantquarters?

"Ishenotamanofcompletevirtue,whofeelsnodiscomposurethoughmenmaytakenonoteofhim?

"

『⒈２』有子曰：

“其为人也孝弟，而好犯上者，鲜矣；不好犯上，而好作乱者，未之

有也。

君子务本，本立而道生。

孝弟也者，其为仁之本与！

”

ThephilosopherYusaid,"Theyarefewwho,beingfilialandfraternal,arefondofoffendingagainsttheirsuperiors.Therehavebeennone,who,notlikingtooffendagainsttheirsuperiors,havebeenfondofstirringupconfusion."Thesuperiormanbendshisattentiontowhatisradical.Thatbeingestablished,allpracticalcoursesnaturallygrowup.Filialpietyandfraternalsubmission,-aretheynottherootofallbenevolentactions?

"

『⒈３』子曰：

“巧言令色，鲜矣仁！

”

TheMastersaid,"Finewordsandaninsinuatingappearanceareseldomassociatedwithtruevirtue."

『⒈４』曾子曰：

“吾日三省吾身——为人谋而不忠乎？

于朋友交而不信乎？

传不习

乎？

”

ThephilosopherTsangsaid,"Idailyexaminemyselfonthreepoints:

-whether,intransactingbusinessforothers,Imayhavebeennotfaithful;-whether,inintercoursewithfriends,Imayhavebeennotsincere;-whetherImayhavenotmasteredandpracticedtheinstructionsofmyteacher."

『⒈５』子曰：

“道千乘之国，敬事而信，节用而爱人，使民以时。

”

TheMastersaid,"Toruleacountryofathousandchariots,theremustbereverentattentiontobusiness,andsincerity;economyinexpenditure,andloveformen;andtheemploymentofthepeopleattheproperseasons."

『⒈６』子曰：

“弟子，入则孝，出则弟，谨而信，凡爱众，而亲仁。

行有余力，则以学文。

”

TheMastersaid,"Ayouth,whenathome,shouldbefilial,and,abroad,respectfultohiselders.Heshouldbeearnestandtruthful.Heshouldoverflowinlovetoall,andcultivatethefriendshipofthegood.Whenhehastimeandopportunity,aftertheperformanceofthesethings,heshouldemploytheminpolitestudies."

『⒈７』子夏曰：

“贤贤易色；事父母，能竭其力；事君，能致其身；于朋友交，言而

有信。

虽曰未学，吾必谓之学矣。

”

Tsze-hsiasaid,"Ifamanwithdrawshismindfromtheloveofbeauty,andappliesitassincerelytotheloveofthevirtuous;if,inservinghisparents,hecanexerthisutmoststrength;if,inservinghisprince,hecandevotehislife;if,inhisintercoursewithhisfriends,hiswordsaresincere:

-althoughmensaythathehasnotlearned,Iwillcertainlysaythathehas.

『⒈８』子曰：

“君子不重，则不威；学则不固。

主忠信。

无友不如己者。

过，则勿惮

改。

”

TheMastersaid,"Ifthescholarbenotgrave,hewillnotcallforthanyveneration,andhislearningwillnotbesolid."Holdfaithfulnessandsincerityasfirstprinciples."Havenofriendsnotequaltoyourself."Whenyouhavefaults,donotfeartoabandonthem."

『⒈９』曾子曰：

“慎终，追远，民德归厚矣。

”

ThephilosopherTsangsaid,"Lettherebeacarefulattentiontoperformthefuneralritestoparents,andletthembefollowedwhenlonggonewiththeceremoniesofsacrifice;-thenthevirtueofthepeoplewillresumeitsproperexcellence."

『⒈１０』子禽问於子贡曰：

“夫子至於是邦也，必闻其政，求之与？

抑与之与？

子贡曰：

“夫子温、良、恭、俭、让以得之。

夫子之求之也，其诸异乎人之求之与？

”

Tsze-ch'inaskedTsze-kungsaying,"Whenourmastercomestoanycountry,hedoesnotfailtolearnallaboutitsgovernment.Doesheaskhisinformation?

orisitgiventohim?

"Tsze-kungsaid,"Ourmasterisbenign,upright,courteous,temperate,andcomplaisantandthushegetshisinformation.Themaster'smodeofaskinginformation,-isitnotdifferentfromthatofothermen?

"

『⒈１１』子曰：

“父在，观其志；父没，观其行；三年无改於父之道，可谓孝矣。

”

TheMastersaid,"Whileaman'sfatherisalive,lookatthebentofhiswill;whenhisfatherisdead,lookathisconduct.Ifforthreeyearshedoesnotalterfromthewayofhisfather,hemaybecalledfilial."

『⒈１２』有子曰：

“礼之用，和为贵。

先王之道，斯为美；小大由之。

有所不行，知和而和，不以礼节之，亦不可行也。

”

ThephilosopherYusaid,"Inpracticingtherulesofpropriety,anaturaleaseistobeprized.Inthewaysprescribedbytheancientkings,thisistheexcellentquality,andinthingssmallandgreatwefollowthem."Yetitisnottobeobservedinallcases.Ifone,knowinghowsucheaseshouldbeprized,manifestsit,withoutregulatingitbytherulesofpropriety,thislikewiseisnottobedone."

『⒈１３』有子曰：

“信近於义，言可复也。

恭近於礼，远耻辱也。

因不失其亲，亦可宗也。

”

ThephilosopherYusaid,"Whenagreementsaremadeaccordingtowhatisright,whatisspokencanbemadegood.Whenrespectisshownaccordingtowhatisproper,onekeepsfarfromshameanddisgrace.Whenthepartiesuponwhomamanleansareproperpersonstobeintimatewith,hecanmakethemhisguidesandmasters."

『⒈１４』子曰：

“君子食无求饱，居无求安，敏於事而慎於言，就有道而正焉，可谓好学也已。

”

TheMastersaid,"Hewhoaimstobeamanofcompletevirtueinhisfooddoesnotseektogratifyhisappetite,norinhisdwellingplacedoesheseektheappliancesofease;heisearnestinwhatheisdoing,andcarefulinhisspeech;hefrequentsthecompanyofmenofprinciplethathemayberectified:

-suchapersonmaybesaidindeedtolovetolearn."

『⒈１５』子贡曰：

“贫而无谄，富而无骄，何如？

”子曰：

“可也；未若贫而乐，富而好礼者也。

”子贡曰：

“诗云：

‘如切如磋，如琢如磨’，其斯之谓与？

”子曰：

“赐也，始可与言诗已矣，告诸往而知来者。

”

Tsze-kungsaid,"Whatdoyoupronounceconcerningthepoormanwhoyetdoesnotflatter,andtherichmanwhoisnotproud?

"TheMasterreplied,"Theywilldo;buttheyarenotequaltohim,who,thoughpoor,isyetcheerful,andtohim,who,thoughrich,lovestherulesofpropriety."Tsze-kungreplied,"ItissaidintheBookofPoetry,'Asyoucutandthenfile,asyoucarveandthenpolish.'-Themeaningisthesame,Iapprehend,asthatwhichyouhavejustexpressed."TheMastersaid,"WithonelikeTs'ze,Icanbegintotalkabouttheodes.Itoldhimonepoint,andheknewitspropersequence."

『⒈１６』子曰：

“不患人之不己之，患不知人也。

”

TheMastersaid,"Iwillnotbeafflictedatmen'snotknowingme;IwillbeafflictedthatIdonotknowmen."

为政第二

『⒉１』子曰：

“为政以德，誓如北辰居其所而众星共之。

”

TheMastersaid,"Hewhoexercisesgovernmentbymeansofhisvirtuemaybecomparedtothenorthpolarstar,whichkeepsitsplaceandallthestarsturntowardsit."

『⒉２』子曰：

“诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：

‘思无邪’。

”

TheMastersaid,"IntheBookofPoetryarethreehundredpieces,butthedesignofthemallmaybeembracedinonesentence'Havingnodepravedthoughts.'"

『⒉３』子曰：

“道之以政，齐之以刑，民免而无耻；道之以德，齐之以礼，有耻且

格。

”

TheMastersaid,"Ifthepeoplebeledbylaws,anduniformitysoughttobegiventhembypunishments,theywilltrytoavoidthepunishment,buthavenosenseofshame."Iftheybeledbyvirtue,anduniformitysoughttobegiventhembythe

rulesofpropriety,theywillhavethesenseofshame,andmoreoverwillbecome

good."

『⒉４』子曰：

“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而

耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。

”

TheMastersaid,"Atfifteen,Ihadmymindbentonlearning."Atthirty,Istoodfirm."Atforty,Ihadnodoubts."Atfifty,IknewthedecreesofHeaven."Atsixty,myearwasanobedientorganforthereceptionoftruth."Atseventy,Icouldfollowwhatmyheartdesired,withouttransgressingwhatwasright."

『⒉５』孟懿子问孝。

子曰：

“无违。

”樊迟御，子告之曰：

“孟孙问孝於我，我对

曰，无违”樊迟曰：

“何谓也？

”子曰：

“生，事之以礼；死，葬之以礼，祭之以礼。

”

MangIaskedwhatfilialpietywas.TheMastersaid,"Itisnotbeingdisobedient."Soonafter,asFanCh'ihwasdrivinghim,theMastertoldhim,saying,"Mang-sunaskedmewhatfilialpietywas,andIansweredhim,-'notbeingdisobedient.'"FanCh'ihsaid,"Whatdidyoumean?

"TheMasterreplied,"Thatparents,whenalive,beservedaccordingtopropriety;that,whendead,theyshouldbeburiedaccordingtopropriety;andthattheyshouldbesacrificedtoaccordingtopropriety."

『⒉６』孟武伯问孝。

子曰：

“父母唯其疾之忧。

”

MangWuaskedwhatfilialpietywas.TheMastersaid,"Parentsareanxiouslesttheirchildrenshouldbesick."

『⒉７』子游问孝。

子曰：

“今之孝者，是谓能养。

至於犬马，皆能有养；不敬，何以

别乎。

”

Tsze-yuaskedwhatfilialpietywas.TheMastersaid,"Thefilialpietynowadaysmeansthesupportofone'sparents.Butdogsandhorseslikewiseareabletodosomethinginthewayofsupport;-withoutreverence,whatistheretodistinguishtheonesupportgivenfromtheother?

"

『⒉８』子夏问孝。

子曰：

“色难。

有事，弟子服其劳；有酒食，先生馔，曾是以为孝

乎？

”

Tsze-hsiaaskedwhatfilialpietywas.TheMastersaid,"Thedifficultyiswiththecountenance.If,whentheireldershaveanytroublesomeaffairs,theyoungtakethetoilofthem,andif,whentheyounghavewineandfood,theysetthembeforetheirelders,isTHIStobeconsideredfilialpiety?

"

『⒉９』子曰：

“吾与回言终日，不违，如愚。

退儿省其私，亦足以发，回也不愚。

”

TheMastersaid,"IhavetalkedwithHuiforawholeday,andhehasnotmadeanyobjectiontoanythingIsaid;-asifhewerestupid.Hehasretired,andIhaveexamine