语言学概论练习题.docx

语言学概论练习题.docx

《语言学概论练习题.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《语言学概论练习题.docx（18页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

语言学概论练习题

语言学复习

1・WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutIanguageisNOTtrue?

A.Languageisasystem.B.Languageissymbolic.

C.AnimalsalsohaveIanguage・D.Languageisarbitrary・

2.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesisNOToneofthedesignfeaturesoflanguage?

A.Symbolic.B.Dual.C.Productive.D.Arbitrary.

3.Whatarethedualstructuresoflanguage?

A.Soundsandletters.B.Soundsandmeaning.

C.Lettersandmeaning.D.Soundsandsymbols・

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeusedtodescribe*displacement；oneoftheuniquepropertiesoflanguage?

A.WecaneasilyteachourchildrentolearnacertainIanguage・

B・Wecanuseboth'shiTand^ree*todescribethesamething.

C.WecanuseIanguagetorefertosomethingnotpresent.

D.Wecanproducesentencesthathaveneverbeenheardbefore.

5.WhatisthemostimportantfunctionofIanguage?

A.InterpersonalB.Phatic

C.Informative.D・Metalingual

6.Whichofthefollowingisoneofthecorebranchesoflinguistics?

A.PhonologyB.Psycholinguistics

C.Socio-linguistics・D.Anthropology・

7.WhichofthefollowingbranchesoflinguisticstakestheinnerStructureofwordasitsmainobject

ofstudy?

A.Phonetics.B.Semantics.C.Morphology.D.Syntax.

8.Whichofthefollowingmodesofstudyemphasizesonthe”standards”oflanguage?

A.Prescriptive.B.Descriptive・C.Synchronic.D・Diachronic.

9.WhoputforwardthedistinctionbetweenLangueandParole?

A.SaussureB.Chomsky

C.HallidayD.Anonymous

10.Thedistinctionbetweencompeteneeandperformaneeisproposedby_・

A.SaussureB・Halliday

C.ChomskyD.thePragueSchool

11.AccordingtoChomsky,istheidealusersinternalizedknowledgeofhislanguage.

A.competeneeB・paroleC・performsneeD・Iangue

12.isadesignfeatureofhumanIanguagethatenablesspeakerstotalkaboutawiderange

ofthings,freefrombarrierscausedbyseparationintimeandspace.

A.DisplacementB.Arbitrariness

C.DualityD.Productivity

13.ThefunctionofthesentenceMAniceday,isn'tit?

His

A.informativeB.phatic

C.directiveD.performative

14.Generallinguisticsisthescientificstudyof

A.Ianguageofacertainindividual

B.theGermanlanguage

C.humanIanguagesingeneral

D.thesystemofaparticularlanguage

1-5CABCC6-10ACAAC11-14AABC

1・Articulatoryphoneticsmainlystudies.

A.thephysicalpropertiesofthesoundsproducedinspeech

B.theperceptionofsounds

C.thecombinationofsounds

D.theproductionofsounds

2.Wherearethevocalcords?

A.Inthemouth・B・Inthenasalcavity.

C.Abovethetongue・D.Insidethelarynx・

3.Thedistinctionbetweenvowelsandconsonantsliesin

A.theplaceofarticulationB.theobstructionofair-stream

C.thepositionofthetongueD.theshapeofthelips

4.WhichofthefollowingphoneticdescriptionsmatchestheEnglishconsonant[p]?

A.Avoicelessbilabialstop・B.Avoicedbilabialstop.

C.Avoicelessdentaistop.D.Avoiceddentalfricative・

5.Whatisthecommonfactorofthethreesounds:

[p],[k],[t]?

A.VoicelessB.SpreadC.VoicedD.Nasal

6.Whatphoneticfeaturedistinguishthe[p]inpleaseandthe[p]inspeak?

A.VoicingB.AspirationC.RoundnessD・Nasality

7.Whichofthefollowingsoundsisavowelglide?

A.[t]B.[o]c.[ei]D.[dau]

8.WhichofthefollowingisnotadistinctivefeatureinEnglish?

A.voicingB.nasalC.approximationD.aspiration

9.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthecriteriaofvoweldescription?

A.Thepartofthetonguethatisraised.

B.Theextenttowhichthetonguerises・

C.Theshapeofthelips.

D.Theextenttowhichtheteethdrawtogethe匚

10.Whichofthefollowingsoundsisabackvowel?

A.[i]B.[w]C.[e]D.[u]

11・Thediphthonginthewordbiteiscomposedof:

_・

A.[a]and[i]B.[e]and[i]C.[a]and[e]D.[o]and[i]

12.Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedintostops,fricatives,nasals,etc.intermsof

A・mannerofarticulationB.opennessofmouth

C.placeofarticulationD.voicing

13.Thephonologicalfeaturesoftheconsonant[k]are_・

A.voicedstopB.voicelessstop

C.voicedfricativeD.voicelessfricative

14.[e]isdifferentfrom[a]in

A.theshapeofthelipsB.theheightofthetongue

C.thepartofthetonguethatisraised

D.thepositionofthesoftpalate

15.[p]isdifferentfrom[k]in

A.themannerofarticulationB.theshapeofthelips

C.thevibrationofthevocalcordsD.theplaceofarticulation

16.Vibrationofthevocalcordsresultsin

A.aspirationB.nasalityC.obstructionD.voicing

1-5DDBAA6-10BCDDD11-16AABBDD

1.isthebranchoflinguisticswhichstudiesthecharacteristicsofspeechsoundsand

providesmethodsfortheirdescription,classificationandtranscription.

A.PhoneticsB.PhonologyC・SemanticsD・Pragmatics

2.studiesthesoundsystemsinacertainIanguage.

A.PhoneticsB.PhonologyC.SemanticsD・Pragmatic

3.Whichofthefollowinggroupsofwordsisaminimalpair?

A.but-pubB.wet-whichC.cool-curlD.fail-find

Minimalpair（最＜|\语又寸）referstotwodifferentformsthatareidenticalineverywayexceptforonesoundsegmentwhichoccursinthesameplaceinthestring.

Bad-bat

Allophones（音位变体）referstodifferentphonesthatrepresentaphonemeindifferentphoneticenvironments

the[p]inpleaseandthe[p]inspeak

4.Minimalpairsareusedto・

A.findthedistinctivefeaturesofalanguage.

B.findthephonemesofalanguage・

C.comparetwowords・

D.findtheallophonesofalanguage.

5.Iftwosimilarsoundsegmentsneveroccurinthesamephoneticenvironment,thentheyare_.

A.twoseparatephonernes.

B.twoallophonesofaphoneme・

C.twofreevariationsofaphoneme.

D.aminimalpair.

6.Whichofthefollowingdistinctivefeaturescanbeusedtoseparate[k]from[g]?

A.Glottal（placeofarticulation）B.Nasal

C.VoicingD.Spread

7.Usually,supra-segmentalfeatures（超切分特征）include,lengthandpitch.

A.PhonemeB.speechsoundsC.syllablesD・stress

8.

isanindispensablepartofasyllable・

9.Theonsetofasyllablecanbecomposedof・

A.onevowelB.twovowels

C.threeconsonantsD.fourconsonants

10.Whereistheprimarystress（主重音）ofthewordphonology?

A.phoB.noC.IoD.gy

11.Inthefollowinglines,Andwherearethey?

andwherearethou.・・thelastwordthoushouldbestressedbecauseitisinacomparativepositionwiththewordthey.Wenamethiskindofsentencestressas

A.structuralsentencestressB.contrastivesentencestress

C.grammaticalsentencestressD.primarysentencestress

12.Inisolatedreading（i.e.,withoutanyspecificcontext）,thewordininthesentenceSheisintheclassroomshould

A.notbestressedB.bestressed

C.betheprimarystressofthesentence

D.bemorestressedthanis

13.IfthereisanEnglishadjectivefpornatiar,isthemostpossiblefornegativeform.

A.ip-B.im-C.il-D.in-

14.isnotasuprasegmentalfeature.

A.AspirationB.Intonation

C.StressD.Tone

1・isthesmallestunitoflanguageintermsofrelationshipbetweenexpressionandcontent.

A.WordB.MorphemeC.AllomorphD.Root

2.studiestheinternalstructureofwords,andtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.

A.MorphologyB.SyntaxC.PhonologyD.Semantics

3.Lexeme（义位义素）is—.

A.aphysicallydefinableunit

B.thecommonfactorunderlyingasetofforms

C.agrammaticalunit

D.anindefinableunit

4.AnIanguageisaIanguageinwhichconceptsthatweexpressusingprepositions,

possessiveadjectives;andsoonareexpressedasmorphsconcatenatedinthesamewordsastherelevantbase・

A.InflectingB.AgglutinatingC.IsolatingD.Analytical

5.Inthewordconceive,themorpheme-ceiveisa

A.freerootB.boundrootC・suffixD.prefix

6.Thepluralaffixinthewordtablesisa（n）.

A.inflectionalsuffixB.derivationalsuffix

C.freemorphemeD・root

7.WhichofthefollowingsoundsdoesnotbelongtotheallomorphsoftheEnglishpluralmorpheme

A.[s]B.[iz]C.[ai]D.[is]

8.WhichofthefollowingprocessesoflexicalchangedoestheChineseword”科技”experieneed?

A.BlendingB.Abbreviation

C.BorrowingD.Back-formation

9.Whichofthefollowingwordsiscreatedthroughtheprocessofacronym首字母缩略词（由一词组

中各主要词的第一字母缩合而成，如:

NATO,laser,radar）.

A.adB.editC.AIDSD.Bobo

10.Allwordscontaina

A.rootmorphemeB.boundmorpheme

C.prefixD.suffix

11・Whichofthefollowingwordsisaderivationalone.

A.blackboardB.teachesC.considerationD・books

12.belongstoaclosedwordclass.

A.InB.BeautifulC.NounD.Create

13.Therelationshipbetween"fruit”and“apple"is・

A.homonymyB.hyponymy

C.polysemyD.synonymy

14.

Theword“lab”isformedthrough

1-5BABBB6-10ACBCA11-14CABC

1・WhenwesaythatwecanchangethesecondwordinthesentenceHeiswaitingoutsidewithanotherwordorphrase,wearetalkingabout_insidethesentence.

A.syntacticrelationsB.paradigmaticrelations

C.LinearrelationsD・Government

2.Thepartofthegrammarthatrepresentsaspeakersknowledgeofthestructureofphrasesand

sentencesiscalled・

A.IexiconB.morphologyC.syntaxD.semantics

3.Whatdoes1C1standsforasasyntacticnotionandanalyticaltechnique?

A.InferentialConnectiveB.InflectionalComponent

C.ImmediateConstituentD;ImplicativeCommunication

4.IfwearetousethetechniqueofICanalysistoanalyzethesentenceshebrokethewindowwithastoneyesterday,whereisthefirstcut?

A.betweenstoneandyesterdayB.betweensheandbroke

C.betweenbrokeandthewindowD.betweenwindowandwith

5._isthedefiningpropertiesofunitslikenoun（number,gender,etc.）andverb（tense,aspect,etc.）.

A.PartsofspeechB・Wordclasses

C.GrammaticalcategoriesD.Functionsofwords

6.Whichofthefollowingitemsisn