政府危机公关外文文献翻译中英文.docx

政府危机公关外文文献翻译中英文.docx

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政府危机公关外文文献翻译中英文

政府危机公关外文文献翻译

（含：

英文原文及中文译文）

文献出处：

MBowden.TheResearchofGovernmentCrisisPublicRelationsunderNewMediaEnvironment[J].PublicRelationsReview,2015,3

（1）:

72-79.

英文原文

TheResearchofGovernmentCrisisPublicRelationsunderNewMediaEnvironment

MBowden

Abstract

Afeatureoftoday’ssocietyisthatmanykindsofcontradictionscoexist,andthefrequentoccurrenceofsocialconflictsisalsoamajorreasonforthegovernment’scrisis.Ontheotherhand,thenewmediaenvironmentisalsoundergoingrapidchanges.Whenfacingacomplexmediaenvironment,canTheproperhandlingofcrisiseventsisamajortestofthecurrentgovernment'sabilitytogovern.Thisarticlefocusesontheanalysisoftheprincipledkerneldealingwithcrisispublicrelations,andchangestheperspectivethatmostresearchersfocusonthechangesinthenewmediaenvironmentandputsforwardtheirowninnovationinsights.

Keywords:

governmentcrisispublicrelations;mediaenvironment;confidence;sincerity;determination

Thegovernmentcrisispublicrelationsunderthenewmediaenvironmentisaproblemthatshouldbehighlyregardedbyeverygovernmentdepartment.Ontheonehand,therearefrequentmasscrisiseventsduringthetransitionperiod,SARSpanicspread,earthquakes,milkpowderincidentsandotherconstantcrisisevents.Thegovernment’sabilitytogovernandsocialstabilityarebothaseveretest;ontheotherhand,thehumansocietyinthe21stcenturyhasenteredaneweraofinformation.People’ssourcesofinformationareshiftingfromtraditionaltelevisionandnewspaperstoInternet,mobilephones,andelectronics.Booksandotheremergingmedia.Microblogs,forums,communities,andotherbrand-newinformationexchangemethodshaveenabledthegovernment'sofficialdocumentreleaseandforeignpublicrelationstoenteranewmodel.Basedontheabovetwopoints,thegovernment'scrisispublicrelationshasbecomeahottopicforvariousscholars.

Conceptualanalysis

Beforeanalyzingthegovernmentcrisispublicrelations,wemustfirstclarifytheconceptofthecrisis.AccordingtotheAmericanscholarRosenthal’sdefinitionofthecrisis:

thecrisisisaseriousthreattothebasicvalues​​ofasocialsystemandthestructureofthecodeofconduct,andinthecaseofhightimepressureanduncertainty,thekeydecision-makingeventsmustbemade.Thecharacteristicsofacrisisaresudden,harmful,uncertain,andtwo-sided.Thedangerbroughtaboutbyacrisisisveryserious.Therefore,afullunderstandingofthemeaningandcharacteristicsofthecrisisistheprimarypreconditionforhandlingthecrisis.

Theso-calledgovernmentcrisispublicrelationsisthescienceandartofgovernmenttooptimizethesocialpsychologicalenvironment,influencethepublic,andresolvethecrisisbymeansofcommunication,shapingtheimage,balancinginterests,andcoordinatingrelationshipsinordertosurviveanddevelopsmoothlyinthestateofcrisis..Governmentcrisispublicrelationsisakindofpublicadministrativemanagementprocessandbehavior.Itsimportantfunctionistoprovidethepublicwithrealandtimelyinformationoncrisisevents,andtakevariousmeasurestominimizetheharmofthecrisisinordertowinthepublictothegovernment.Theunderstanding,support,andcooperationofpublicpoliciesandemergencymeasuresarenecessarytofurthermobilizeandmobilizesocialresourcestolaythegroundworkforthehandlingofcrisisevents.

Misunderstandingofgovernmentcrisispublicrelations

Negativeprocessing

Thenegativetreatmentistheconsistentattitudeofmanygovernmentofficialstothecrisis.Theytendtobeluckyforthecrisis,anditisbetternottohappen.Onceithappens,itadoptsacontainmentmethod.Itisassilentandsilentaspossible.Nothinghappened.Infact,thisisadeception.What'smore,underthecurrentmediaenvironmentsodeveloped,thegovernmentisinthesupervisionofeverypublic.Weibo,videopodcasting,theseinvisibleeyesareconstantlyobservingeverycornerofsociety,anditisimpossibletoignorewhathasalreadyhappened.

Asforthecrisisofluck,itisnaiveandthecrisisisinevitable.AmericanpoliticalscientistHuntingtonpointedout:

"Ahighlytraditionalsocietyandasocietythathasachievedmodernizationaresociallystableandorderly,andasocietythatisundergoingrapidsocialchangesandmodernizationofthesocialsystemtransition.（Transitionalsociety）isoftenfullofvarioussocialconflictsandturbulence.Socialconflictsoccurfrequentlyandvariousculturesinterweave.Itisinevitablethattherewillbesomesuddencrisisevents.Thenegativethoughtisthatthegovernmentmustfirstovercomethecrisispublicrelationsandfacethecrisis.Itistherightattitudetodealwiththecrisis.

Toomucheffortinpublicrelations

Withtherapidchangesintheinformationage,thegovernmenthasnowfullyrealized.Therefore,somenewpublicrelationstoolshavebeenused.OfficialsopenWeibo,answeronlinepublicquestions,andpubliconlinevideos,orsponsorvariousnetworkdraftevents.,participateinthetitletelevisionprogramtopromotethecityimageandsoon.Thesearethegovernment'sresponsemeasuresunderthenewmediaenvironment.Theycanbedescribedasflourishing,contending,andplayingapositiverolefromthepointofviewofpropaganda.Ofcourse,weshouldfullyrecognizetheimpactofchangesinthemediaenvironmentonthepublicrelationsofthegovernmentcrisis.Manyscholarshavealsoconductedalotofresearchonthechallengesposedbythegovernmentinresponsetothenewnetworkenvironmentandmediaenvironment,andhaveputforwardalotoffeasiblesuggestions.Thegovernmentshouldtakeintoaccountthechangesinthemediaenvironmentofpublicopinionwhileadoptingaseriesofnewmethodstodealwithit,advancingwiththetimes,andtakingtheroadofe-government.Butwecan'tputthecartbeforethehorse,wecanonlymakefussaboutwaysandmethods,andworkhard,butinsteadignoretheessenceofthegovernment'scrisispublicrelations:

whatkindofstateofmindshouldthegovernmenttreatthecrisis?

TheCrisisInterpretationofGovernmentCrisisPublicRelations

Whenweinterpretthecoreofgovernmentcrisispublicrelations,wefirstclassifythecrisisandthenclassifyit.Accordingtothedefinitionandcharacteristicsofthecrisis,combinedwithexamplesofcrisiseventsthathaveoccurredinrecentyearsinChina,wehavedividedthecurrentcrisiseventsintothreecategories:

First,disasters,mainlynaturaldisasters,earthquakes,forestfires,andvolcaniceruptions.,tsunami,floods,windstorms,etc.Second,accidentsmainlyrefertoseriousaccidentscausedbyhumanfactors,suchasmineaccidents,foodsafetyaccidents,trafficaccidents,constructionaccidents,medicalfrauds,publicsafetyaccidents,andpublichealthincidents.Thethirdisbehavior,mainlyreferringtothemisconductofthestaffofgovernmentagencies,causingsomewrongdoingsofevils,officialsbribingbribes,usingpowerforpersonalgains,breakingthelaw,andsoon.Eachofthethreetypesofcrisishasitsowncharacteristics,anditisalsodifferentwhenitcomestocrisispublicrelations.Itshouldbecategorizedandinterpreted.

DisasterCrisisPublicRelations-Confidence

Themoststrikingfeatureofdisastersissuddenanddestructive.Onceanaturaldisasteroccurs,itishighlydestructive,andthenumberofpeopleinvolvedislarge.Theaffectedareaiswide,andthepeople’spsychologicalvulnerabilityisscary.Atthistime,thepublicrelationsrequirementforthegovernment’scrisisistoexpressconfidence.Ifthegovernmentisindiscriminate,thepublicwillbecomemorepanicked.Thispanicwillmaketheviciousimpactofthedisasterevenworse.Onlywhenthegovernmenthandlesthesekindsofcrisesisfullofconfidence.Thepeoplecanfeelpragmaticandcanactivelycooperatewiththegovernmenttodevelopaseriesofmeasuresforself-rescueandreconstructionafterthedisaster.Therefore,allpublicrelationsactivitiesofthegovernmentshouldbeconductedaroundconfidence,showingfullconfidenceindealingwithdisastersandusingconfidencetoinspirethespiritsofdisaster-strickenpeopletorebuild.

Thescopeoftheearthquakeaffectedbytheearthquake,thenumberofpeopleinvolved,andtheseriousnessofthesituationdonotneedtoberecounted.Peopletalkaboutittoday.Inthefaceoftheearthquake,thegovernmentachievedvictoryinearthquakereliefwithconfidence.Thefirsttime,calmandcalm,immediatedeploymentofearthquakereliefwork.Themediaaroundtheworldhavegivenveryhighappraisalsofthegovernment’sconfidenceandabilityinthefaceofthiscrisis.Factshavealsoprovedthattheconfidenceshownbythegovernmentindealingwiththecrisishasinfectedeverydisaster-strickenpeople,madethemcourageoustosavethemselves,andstrengthenedtheirfaithinrelivingthetree.Itisthebestformofpatrioticeducation.Itcanbeseenthatconfidenceisthecoreofthegovernment’shandlingofdisaster-relatedcrisisevents.Thegovernmentshouldconductaseriesofpublicrelationsactivitieswithconfidenceandrelyonthecurrentpublicopinionenvironmenttopromotepeople’sconfidenceinproductionandlifeassoonaspossiblesoastominimizedisasterlosses.

AccidentCrisisPublicRelations-Sincerity

Thedifficultyindealingwithaccidentalcrisesisthattheyaremostafraidofrumours.Peopletendtohearthetruthaboutthecausesofaccidents,thenumberofcasualties,andpropertylosses.Rumorshavespreadthatthedamagefromsuchrumoursissometimeshardertorepairthantheaccidentitself.Thepublicwillthereforerespondtothegove