高中英语阅读理解分类训练之历史地理类含详解.docx

高中英语阅读理解分类训练之历史地理类含详解.docx

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高中英语阅读理解分类训练之历史地理类含详解

高中英语阅读理解分类训练之历史地理类（含详解）

1.   Rockmusicinoneformoranotheristhemostpopulartypeofmusicallovertheworld.Butwherediditcomefrom?

   RockbeganintheUSAintheearly1950s.Atthattime,“rhythmandblue”music wasverypopularwithblackAmericans.“R&B”wasamixtureofblackreligiousmusicandjazz.Ithadstrongrhythmsthatyoucoulddancetoandsimple,fastwords.

   NoticingthesuccessofR&Bmusic,whitemusiciansstartedtocopythesamestyle.Bythemid-1950s,thisnewwhiteR&Bmusic,calledrock’n’roll,hadbecomeverypopular.SingerslikeElvisPresleyandBillHaleyattractedmillionsofteenagefans.Theirmusicwasfastandloud.Manyolderpeoplethoughtthatrock’n’rollwasverydangerous.

   Bytheearly1960s,evenrock’n’rollhadbecomeold-fashioned.Manyofthesongshadbeguntosoundthesame.ItwasatthattimethatanewgroupfromEnglandbecamepopular—theBeatles.

   TheBeatlesfirststartedbysingingAmericanstylesongs,buttheysoondevelopedtheirownstyle,withmorecomplicatedtunes.Theyalsointroduceddifferentinstruments.GroupsliketheBeatleshadaveryimportantinfluenceonthestyleofpopularmusic.

   Bytheearly1970s,rock’n’rollhaddevelopedintoanewformofmusic.Electronicshadreplacedtheamplifiedguitarsanddrumsofrock’n’roll.“Rock”hadarrived.

   Rockmusichadcontinuedtochangeanddevelop.Ithadcombinedwithmusicfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.Today,therearehundredsofdifferenttypesofrockmusic,andalmosteverycountryhasitsownformofrock.

1.Whenhadrock’n’rollbecomeverypopular?

A.Bythemid-1950s.

B.Bytheearly1960s.

C.Bythemid-1960s.

D.Bytheearly1970s.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueabouttheBeatles?

A.ItwasnotanAmericangroup.

B.Thisgrouphadtheirownstyle.

C.ThisgroupmadeAmericanstylesongspopular.

D.Thestyleofpopularmusichadbeeninfluencedbythisgroup.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatElvisPresleyandBillHaley________.

A.weresingersof“R&B”

B.weresingersinthemid-1950s

C.weremembersoftheBeatles

D.werepopularwitholdpeople

4.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.PopularMusic

B.TheHistoryofRockMusic

C.DifferentFormsofMusicinAmerica

D.TheBeatles

2.   TheSaharaistheworld'slargesthotdesertandoneoftheharshestenvironmentsontheplanet.ItisthethirdlargestdesertoverallafterAntarcticaandtheArctic,whicharecolddeserts.At3.6millionsquaremiles,theSahara,whichisArabicfor“TheGreatDesert,”coversmostofNorthAfrica.SanddunescoveronlyasmallpartoftheSahara.Mostofthedesertisbarerocksorgravel.Therearealsomountains,andsomeofthemarecoveredbysnowinwinter.

   CansomeoneexploretheSaharawithoutgoingthere?

Yes.Infact,someofthemostexcitingdiscoveriesabouttheSaharahavebeenmadeusing“explorers”highinthesky—satellites.Thankstothesesky-highexplorers,weknowmoreaboutthehistoryofthisamazingdesert.

   Thesatellitessenddownimages,orpictures,ofEarth.SomearetakenbytheSIR-Aradarsystem.Itcanmakeimagesthatshowwhatisundertheground,belowthesand.Theseimageshaveshowngeologiststhat,inancienttimes,therewerelakes,mountains,andvalleyswheretheSaharaisnow.

   So,theSaharawasnotalwaysaforbiddingdesert.Longago,dinosaursandgiantcrocodileslivedthere.Afterthedinosaursbecameextinct,giraffes,elephants,hippos,andotheranimalslivedintheSahara.Sodidpeople.

   Then,about6,000yearsago,theclimatebegantochange.Withinafewcenturies,theSaharabecamethedesertthatitistoday.Astheclimatechanged,fewerandfewerplantsgrewthere,andthepeoplehadtomovetoplaceswheretherewasmorewater.

   SatelliteimageshelppeoplemakeotherdiscoveriesintheSahara.Withthesepictures,archaeologistscanfindwhereancientpeoplehadtheirsettlements.Paleontologists（古生物学家）usesatelliteimagestohelpthemfindthebestplacestosearchforcluestolifemillionsofyearsago.

1.HowdidexpertsknowaboutSahara’spast?

A.Bystudyingtheformationofthesandthere.

B.Bylookingatthedesertinspace.

C.Bystudyingtheimagessentback.

D.Bywatchingthefossilsofanimals.

2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat ________.

A.thedinosaursdiedoutbecauseitwastoohot

B.itrainedalotinSaharaalongtimeago

C.fewplantsgrewinSaharaalongtimeago

D.theSaharawasfulloflifealongtimeago

3.WhydidpeoplemovefromSaharatootherplaces?

A.Becausetherewaslittlewaterthere.

B.Becausetheanimalsweredangerous.

C.Becausethickforestsgrewthere.

D.Becauseitwastoocoldforpeople.

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydealwith?

A.AnimalsandPlantslivinginSahara

B.SaharaandExplorationwithSatellites

C.ADesertasBigastheUnitedStates

D.ReasonsWhySaharaIssoDry

3.   Itdidn'ttakelongforalotofpeoplewhoownedautomobilesinthelate1800stostarthiringthemout.Eventhoughthefirsttaxiswereodd-lookingmachinesthathadbatteriesweighingasmuchas800pounds,therewerealmost100oftheminNewYorkCityby1899.Theydidagreatdealofbusinesscompetingwithhorse-drawncarriages（马车）,sincemanypeoplefoundthemnotonlyfaster,butalsoquieterandmuchcleaner.Thefirstgas-poweredcabsarrivedinNewYorkin1907,buttheywereimportedfromFranceandnotbuiltintheU.S.

   The1920ssawanexplosioninthetaxis,asthousandsofthemwereinuseeveryday.Thisburgeoningindustryneededregulation,andtheMayorofNewYork,FiorelloH.LaGuardia,signedtheHassActof1937.Theactforcedcabcompaniestoobtainlicensesandalsointroducedthemedallionsystem,whichisstillinusetoday.Thesearethesmallmetalplatesyou'llseeontopofthevehicle （车辆）thatcertifiesitislegallyallowedtopickuppassengers.Thesystemhelpedthegovernmentkeeptrackofnotjustthenumberoftaxis,butthequalityofthemaswell.

   Eventhoughtheyfacedseriouscompetitionfrombuses,subwaysandtrains,taxisinNewYorkremainedastaple（主要产品）formillionsofpeople.About12,000ofthemwereinserviceby1950.Whileyoumaythinkthatcabshavealwaysbeenyellow,itactuallywasn'tuntilthe1960sthattheywererequiredtobepaintedthaticoniccolor.

   Thereareabout40,000driversinNewYorkCityalone,andmillionsofothersthroughouttheU.S.andtherestoftheworld.Anestimated200millionpassengerstravelabout800millionmilesayear,andpayfarestotalingabout$1billionayearinNewYorkalone.

1.Theunderlinedword“burgeoning”inParagraph2probablymeans“________”.

A.competingfiercely

B.developingrapidly

C.recoveringquickly

D.disappearingtotally

2.Themetalplatesweresetontopofthetaxiswhich________.

A.werepaintedinyellowasrequired

B.providedqualifiedservicesforthepassengers

C.wereallowedbythegovernmenttodobusiness

D.couldn'tcauseanycaraccidentsalltheyearround

3.Thenumberslistedinthelastparagraphshowthat________.

A.NewYorkhasmoretaxisthanotherbigcities

B.thetaxiindustryinNewYorkisverysuccessful

C.thetaxiisthemostpopulartransportationinNewYork

D.NewYorkhasearnedmuchmoneyfromthetaxiindustry

4.What'sthewriter'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.Toanalyzetheadvantagesofthetaxis.

B.Toadvertisethegoodservicesofthetaxis.

C.TointroducethehistoryoftaxisinNewYork.

D.ToshowthedevelopmentofvehiclesintheU.S.

4.   Accordingtoahistorian,uniformswereintroducedintotheUnitedStatesaround1979todealwiththeproblemsofviolenceamongstudents.Statisticalreportsstatethatonly15%ofprimaryschoolsandaround10%ofsecondaryschoolsintheUnitedStateshavestrictlycarriedouttheuniformpolicy.

   Inrecenttimesithasbecomethemostdebatedtopicamongparentsandeducators,withmanycriticsstatingthefactthatwearinguniformshasnoeffectonthethoughtprocessofastudentnordoesitconsiderablyreduceinequalityamongthemasses.Studentsareinstructedtofollowcertainrules:

forboys,pants,shirtswithturtlenecks,sweatersandjacketsareacceptable,whileinsomeschools,shortsarestrictlyforbidden;similarly,forgirls,longskirts,blouses,pantsandflat-heeledshoesareacceptable.

   SchooluniformsinothercountriessuchasThailand,Indonesia,IndiaandPakistanwereintroducedduringtheBritishcolonialperiod.Inthesecountries,girlsinseniorschoolsusuallywearbroadtrousersandboyswearpantsandshirts.Inpreschoolthough,girlswearskirtsandblousesandboyswearshortpantsandshirts.InotherpartslikeNewZealandandAustraliawheretheBritishcolonialrulewasineffect,theuniformsystemwasfollowedinthepublicschoolsystem.ThedresssensecloselyresembledthatoftheEnglishstudents.

   Thepurposeofaschooluniformistopromoteteamspirit,disciplineandincreaseequalityamongallstudents.Thoughuniformshaveintendedtowipeoutthediscriminationintheweakersection,criticshaveadifferentstorytosay.Accordingtothem,uniformshavenosuchgreateffectonstudents.Thisstandardizeddresshasnothelpedstudentsremoveanybarriersandisaddingcoststotheparents.

   Inmanycountries,thoughstudents'wearinguniformshasproducedsomepositiveresults,intheUnitedStates’theimplementation（实施）requiresalotofeffortsbeforewecanachievefullsuccess.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“masses”inthesecondparagraphreferto?

A.Schools.

B.Parents.

C.Students.

D.Teachers.

2.WhatcanweknowabouttheuniformsysteminAustraliaaccordingtoParagraph3?

A.Theuniformsysteminpublicschoolsfollowsthatin

B.ritain.B.TheAust