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第一部分必修三Unit4
阅读词汇
请匹配下列单词与其词义
1.astronomy A.adv.失重地
2.weightlesslyB.n.天文学
3.solarC.n.生物学家
4.biologistD.n.碳
5.carbonE.adj.太阳的;日光的
6.dissolveF.n.酸
7.acidG.n.二氧化物
8.mammalH.vt.&vi溶解;解散
9.dioxideI.adj.灭绝的;绝种的
10.extinctJ.n.哺乳动物
答案 1.B 2.A 3.E 4.C 5.D 6.H 7.F 8.J 9.G 10.I
高频词汇
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1.unlikehermother不像她母亲
2.multiplyanddivide乘法和除法
3.crashintoatree撞在树上
4.floatdowntheriver沿河漂流
5.theoryandpractice理论与实践
6.existonlyinAfrica只存在于非洲
7.lessentheriskofheartdisease减少患心脏病的几率
8.areactiontoaquestion对问题的反应
9.agentleandsensitiveman一个和蔼而又善解人意的人
10.giveapullattherope拉一下绳子
11.beinapuzzleaboutsth对某事迷惑不解
12.anewsystemofteachingforeignlanguages一种新的外语教学体系
拓展词汇
请填入括号内单词的正确形式
1.ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobal(globe)ecologicaldisaster.(2018·浙江6月卷)
2.Tobehonest,beeftastesbetterwhenyouboilitgently(gentle).
3.Therearefundamental(fundament)differencesbetweenyourtemperandmine.
4.Heoftensaysthathedoesn’tbelieveinanyreligionbutmeanwhileherespectsothers’religious(religion)freedom.
5.Doyoubelievetheexistence(exist)ofghosts?
Perhapstheyonlyexistinthemindsofsomepeople.
6.Lastnightwehadadiscussion,whichbecamemoreandmoreviolent(violence).
7.Theharmfulmaterialsbecameharmlesstotheenvironmentafterbeingdealtwith.(harm)
8.Therewasapuzzledlookonthelittlegirl’sfacebecauseapuzzlingproblempuzzledher.(puzzle)
必会短语
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1.lay__eggs下蛋
2.in__one’s__turn轮到某人;接着
3.break__out突发;爆发
4.now__that既然
5.get__the__hang__ofEnglishidioms掌握英语习语
6.give__birth__toonenewborneachyear一年只产一仔
7.depend__onhimforhelp指望他帮忙
8.watch__out__forcars当心车辆
9.preventthefirefromspreading制止火势蔓延
10.blockthesunout遮住太阳
11.cheerhimup使他高兴起来
12.arrivein__time及时到达
必仿佳句
1.[原句]Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.
2.[原句]ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.
3.[原句]“Oh,dear,”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”
4.[原句]Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgravityincreased.
1.[仿写]这个女孩懂三门外语,这使她更容易找到一份好工作。
Thegirlknowsthreeforeignlanguages,whichmakes__it__easier__for__her__to__find__a__good__job.
2.[仿写]杰西卡付出的时间和精力是以前的三倍,所以我相信她这次能成功。
Jessicadevotedthree__times__as__much__time__and__energy__asshedidbefore,soIbelieveshewillsucceedthistime.
3.[仿写]既然它对我们的好处如此多,为什么不试一试呢?
Now__that__it__benefits__ussomuch,whynothaveatry?
4.[仿写]长途旅行之后,我们三人回到了家,又饿又累。
Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofuswentbackhome,hungry__and__tired.
1.existvi.存在,在于
(1)existon=liveon 靠……为生
Thereexist(s)/existed...某地有/存在……
(2)existencen.存在;生存
comeintoexistence产生;成立;开始存在
(3)existingadj.(仅用于名词前)目前的,现存的
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Youcan’timaginewhatdifficultytheyhaveexistingonthemoneyhe’searning.
②Eversincealongtimeago,there__have__existed(存在着)differentopinionsamongscientistsonhowtheuniversefirstexisted/came__into__existence(存在).
[佳句背诵]Thereexistsagoodwaytosolvetheexistingproblemingeography.
有一个解决现存的地理问题的好办法。
[名师指津]exist没有被动语态,也不能用于进行时态。
2.puzzlen.谜;难题vt.&vi.(使)迷惑;(使)为难
(1)apuzzletosb 一件让某人感到困惑的事情
beinapuzzleabout=bepuzzledabout对……迷惑不解
(2)puzzleabout苦思冥想;绞尽脑汁
(3)puzzlingadj.令人困惑的
puzzledadj.感到困惑的
单句语法填空/句型转换
①Wherethemissingplanehasgonestillremainsapuzzletous.
②Whatpuzzledthefiremenwasthecauseofthefire.
→Thefiremenwere__in__a__puzzle__aboutthecauseofthefire.(puzzlen.)
→Thefiremenwere__puzzled__aboutthecauseofthefire.(puzzled)
[佳句背诵]Thesescientistshavebeenpuzzlingabouthowtosolvetheenvironmentalproblem.
这些科学家一直苦思如何解决这个环境问题。
3.harmfuladj.有害的;伤害的
(1)beharmfulto 对……有害
(2)harmn.&vt.伤害,损害
dosbharm(=doharmtosb)伤害某人;对某人有害
thereisnoharmindoingsth做某事没有害处
单句语法填空/句型转换
①Drinkingtoomuchdoesharmtoyourhealth.
②Theydon’tusuallyemployuntrainedworkers,butitdoesn’tdoanyharmtotryyourfortune.
→Theydon’tusuallyemployuntrainedworkers,butthere’s__no__harm__in__tryingyourfortune.
[佳句背诵]Themajorityofpeoplebelievesmokingisharmfultohealth.
大多数人相信吸烟对身体有害。
4.unlikeprep.和……不同;不像adj.[作表语]不相似;不同
(1)like作动词意为“喜欢”,作介词意为“像”
(2)dislike是动词,意为“不喜欢”
(3)unlike是介词,意为“与……不像,不同,相反”
(4)alike可以作形容词或者副词,意为“一样的,相同的”
完成句子
①Mymotherdislikes__seeing__you__with__me__together(我母亲不喜欢看到你我在一起).
②ThoughJohnandAndrewlook__exactly__alike(看上去一模一样),theyactquitedifferently.
[佳句背诵]It’sunlikehimtobelate;he’susuallyontime.他不是会迟到的那种人,他通常很准时。
5.pulln.&vt.拉(力);拖;牵引力
pulloff 脱(衣、帽等)
pulldown拆毁;摧毁
pullout离站;抽出,取出
pullin(火车)进站
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Whenallpassengerswereonboard,thetrainpulledoutofthestation.
②Theypulled__down__my__old__house(拆除了我的旧房子)andbuiltfivenewones.
③Shepulled__off__her__raincoat(脱掉雨衣)beforeenteringtheroom.
6.intime及时;终于;迟早
intimefor... 刚好赶上……
intimetodosth及时做某事
innotime立刻,马上
ontime准时
单句语法填空
①Wearrivedinthesummer,justintimeto__enjoy(enjoy)themidnightsun.
②Ifyouhurry,you’llbeintimeforthebus.
[佳句背诵]Asaproverbgoes,“Wherethere’sawill,there’saway.”Oureffortswillpayoffintime.
正如一句谚语所说,“有志者,事竟成”,我们的努力迟早会有所回报。
7.prevent...from阻止;制止
prevent/stop...(from)doingsth=keep...fromdoingsth 阻止……做某事
keep...doingsth使……一直做某事
protect...from...保护……不受……侵袭;挡住;防御
单句语法填空/句型转换
①Tokeepwarm,hekeptthefireburning(burn)allthenight.
②Itishightimethatwedidsomethingtokeeptheenvironmentfrombeingpolluted.
→Itishightimethatwedidsomethingtoprevent/stoptheenvironment(from)beingpolluted.
8.cheerup(使)高兴;(使)振奋;感到高兴;感到振奋
cheersbup 使某人振作起来
cheersbon(比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励;为某人加油
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Theygatheredroundtheswimmingpoolandcheeredheron.
②WhenI’mfeelingsad,mymotheralwaystells__me__funny__stories__to__cheer__me__up(给我讲有趣的故事让我高兴起来).
9.inone’sturn轮到某人;接着
inturn 依次;轮流;反之;相应地
byturns轮流;交替地
taketurnstodosth轮流做某事
Itisone’sturntodosth轮到某人做某事
单句语法填空
①Nowthatwehavefinisheddesigning,thecompany,inturn,shoulddotheconstructingwork.
②Ithinkit’smyturnto__drive(drive)thekidstoschoolthisweek.
③Theyhadtotaketurnsto__look(look)afterthepatients.
10.Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmade__it__possible__for__life__to__develop.
这产生了一个连锁反应,使得生命的发展成为可能。
“makeit+形容词/名词+(for...)todosth”句型中it作形式宾语,而真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。
(1)make+it+adj./n.+that从句
make+it+nogood/nouse/novalue...+doingsth
(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有:
think,consider,find,feel等
单句语法填空/句式升级
①Iconsideritnousequarrelling(quarrel)withhimaboutit.
②MasteringthetechnologymakesitpossibleforustousetheInternetmoreeffectively.
→Masteringthetechnologymakesitpossiblethatwe__can__use__the__Internetmoreeffectively.
[佳句背诵]Tomakeiteasiertogetintouchwithus,you’dbetterkeepthiscardathand.
为了更便于联系我们,你最好将这张卡片放在身边。
11.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwice__as__far__asontheearthandfellover.
但当我试着向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍远,因而我摔倒了。
倍数表达法:
(1)倍数+as...as...
(2)倍数+比较级+than
(3)倍数+thesize/height/length/width...+of...
(4)倍数+what从句
句型转换
Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthreetimesasbigasthepreviousone.
→Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthreetimesbigger__thanthepreviousone.
→Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthreetimesthe__size__ofthepreviousone.
[佳句背诵]Thepopulationnowinthisvillageisfivetimeswhatitwastenyearsago.
现在这个村庄的人口是十年前的五倍。
[名师指津]在表示“两倍”时要用double或twice,三倍或三倍以上用“基数词+times”。
倍数有时也可以用分数、百分数、half等来替换。
12.“Ohdear,”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenow__that__gravity__has__changed.”
“天哪,”我大声说,“既然重力改变了,看来走路也的确需要练一练了。
”
·nowthat“既然,由于”,是连词词组,引导原因状语从句,表示明显的原因或既成的事实。
口语中that常可省略。
·其他表示原因的连词或介词短语:
(1)because因为(表示直接而明确的原因,语气较重,常用于回答why的疑问)
(2)since因为;既然(可与nowthat互换)
(3)as因为(语气较弱)
(4)for因为(并列连词,引导一个分句,不能置于句首,表示进一步补充说明)
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.
②Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’tcometoschooltoday.
③Now__that/Since__you__want__to__improve__your__oral__English(既然你想提高你的英语口语),youshouldspeakEnglisheveryday.
Ⅰ.
阅读——教材VS高考之一
Theriverisbeingpollutedwithmanyfactories①existingonbothofitssides.Deadfishhavebeenfound②floatingonthesurfaceofthewater.Unknownbacteriaarepropagatingfastalongtheriver,whichmightbeapotentialrisktopeople’shealth.However,what③puzzlesthelocalgovernmentishowtodealwiththerelationshipbetweeneconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalprotection.Theywanttotakeactionto④pulldownsomeofthefactories,buttheyfearthatthismaycausethelocaleconomyto⑤crashandthenbringimpactsonemployment.
1.写出黑体词汇在语境中的词性和词义
①vi.存在 ②vi.浮动;漂浮
③vt.使迷惑;使为难④vt.拉拽
⑤vi.崩溃
2.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlined“propagating”?
A.multiplyingB.dissolving
C.lesseningD.exhausting
答案 A
Ⅱ.
完形——教材VS高考之二
IsaacNewton,anEnglishphysicist,discoveredgravity.Basedonhis__1__,astronomerspredictedthatanotherplanetmight__2__intheorbitofUranus(天王星).Uranus,having27knownnaturalsatellites,isvisibletothenakedeye.It’sthethirdlargestplanetintermsofsizeintheSolarSystem,withits__3__roughly14.5timesthatofEarth.It’smuchclosertothesun,butthisdoesnot__4__itfrombeingthecoldest,becauseunliketheotherplanets,Uranusgivesofflessheatthanitabsorbsfromthesun.Itsclimatealsoseemsless__5__.Tracesofcarbondioxide,oxygenandhydrogenhavebeenconfirmedinitsatmosphere.
1.A.astronomyB.religion
C.presenceD.theory
2.A.floatB.exist
C.lessenD.harm
3.A.massB.billion
C.carbonD.