现在分词与过去分词讲解及练习.docx

现在分词与过去分词讲解及练习.docx

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现在分词与过去分词讲解及练习

个性化教学辅导教案

学科：

  英语   任课教师：

  陈胜群    授课日期：

  2012年 月 日（星期 ）

姓名

年级

性别

授课时间段

总课时2第课

教学课题

课

堂

教

学

过

程

课前

检查

作业完成情况：

优□良□中□差□

程

一、注意点

1、否定形式（前面加not）

Notgivenachance,hefeltdisappointed.

Notknowingwhattodo,heturnedtomeforhelp.

2、不及物动词、连系动词常用现在分词做定语、状语等；及物动词常用过去分词。

Therearemanyeventshappeningintheworldeveryday.

providehelpforthepeoplegoinghungry.

theremainingbooks

3、现在分词表动作的主动或正在发生；过去分词表动作的被动或已经完成。

thefalling/fallenleavestheboiling/boiledwatertherising/risensun

thedeveloped/developingcountriesapollutedriverasleepingboy

4、分词不具有名词特征，不可做主语或宾语。

（定语、表语、状语、宾补/主补）

Participatinginvarioussocialactivitiesisbeneficialtoourfuture.（动名词）

Praisedinpublicmadehimshy.（错）

Beingpraisedinpublicmadehimshy.

二、做定语/表语

1、和定语从句的转换

Thestudentwhoissleepinghassufferedahighfever.

Thesleepingstudenthassufferedahighfever.

Thosewhohavedrunkthewaterwhichispollutedmaygetpoisoned.

Thosewhohavedrunkthepollutedwatermaygetpoisoned.

2、单个分词做定语常置于名词之前；分词短语常置于名词之后。

Doyouknowthemanseated/sittingnexttotheprofessor?

Themanlookingatthemaphasgotlost.

Thebuildingcompletedaheadoftimehascaughtmanypeople’sattention.

比较：

Thebuildingbeingbuilthascaughtmanypeople’sattention.

Thebuildingtobebuiltnextyeariswelldesigned.

3、现在分词和动名词做定语时的区别

areadingroom（动名词）aswimmingpool（动名词）acryingbaby（现在分词）awashingmachine（动名词）

4、使役动词的分词形式做定语或表语时，常遵循人V-ed,物V-ing的原则，但修饰反映人心理活动或某种情绪的词时，用V-ed形式.

encouragingwordsanembarrassingatmospherefeelembarrassedbeshocked

excitedtearsasurprised/determined/frightenedlook

Afterhearingmyencouragingwords,adeterminedlookappearedonhisface.

5、修饰令他人有某种情绪的词时，无论人还是物均用V-ing.

Thedisappointingstudenthasdisappointedhisparentsasecondtime.

6、有些分词已经形容词化了

ademandingjobapromisingteacheraninterestingbook

三、做状语（时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随或结果状语）

1、强调前后主语的一致。

Seenfromthehill,Ifindourschoolsmall.（错）

Seenfromthehill,ourschoollookssmall.

Seeingfromthehill,Ifindourschoolsmall.

2、原因、时间、条件、让步、方式状语常置于句首，不强调动作先后时遵循主动V-ing被动V-ed。

Givenmoretime,Icoulddobetter.

Beingtoofat,youshouldtakeregularexercisetoloseweight.

Determinedtocatchupwithothers,heworksdayandnight.

Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.

3、若有时间先后，可借助having

Havingfailedmanytimes,hemadeuphismindtogoabroadforfurtherEducation.

HavingbeenshownaroundTian’anmenSquare,thetouristsweretakentovisitthePalaceMuseum.

Nothavingmethimbefore,I’mverycurious.

4、伴随状语常置于句末

They’restillsittingonthesofa,absorbedinconversation.

Thestudentsareridingonthestreet,talkingandlaughing.

5、结果状语常置于句末，典型例子making,leaving,causing

Theyallleft,leavingmestandingtherealone.

Englishisspokenbymanypeopleinvariouscountries,makingitthemostpopularlanguageintheworld.

比较：

不定式做结果状语

Hewentabroad,nevertoreturn.

Theyliftedarock,onlytodropitontheirownfeet.

四、做宾补常用于以下结构

1、see/hear/watch/notice/find/feel+sb+分词

Isawabooklyingthere

Abookwasseenlyingthere.

Hefoundhishometowngreatlychangedaftermanyyears.

2、leave/keep+宾语+分词

Afloodhittheareatheotherday,leavingfewhousesstanding.

Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.

3、have/get+宾语+分词

Itistimethatyouhadyourwashingmachinerepaired.

Ican’tgetmycargoing.

IwilltrymybesttogetmyEnglishimproved.

4、catch/sendsbdoing→becaught/sentdoing

Thegirlwhowascaughtcheatinghasadmittedhermistake.

Asuddenrainsenttheplayersandtheaudiencerunninginalldirectionsforcover.

5、with+宾语+分词

Withthepopulationgrowingrapidly,weneedmorelivingmaterials.

Withgreentreessurrounded,itisreallyagoodplacetolivein.

Withthefellowleadingtheway,wehadnotroublefindingthetemple.

五、前后主语不一致时，可用独立主格结构

Weatherpermitting,wewillholdthesportsmeeting.

Moneycollected,wesetaboutcarryingouttheplan.

Thesunrisen,everythinglooksbeautiful.

Therebeing阿heavyrain,wehadtohaveabreak.

六、一些常用固定结构

judgingfrom/by…

considering…

comparedwith…

totellyouthetruth…

generallyspeaking…

speakingof…

including…/included

Judgingfromhislook,wethoughthewasbadlyhurt.

Consideringthepresenteconomicsituation,youshouldcutbackonyourexpenses.

Speakingoffactories,peopleoftenthinkofairandwaterpollution.

Comparedwiththestudentsintheremotemountainousareas,youaresolucky.

Manyastudenthasmadegreatprogress,includingsomenaughtyones.

七、拓展：

therebe结构和非谓语动词的连用。

1、Therebe…+doing/done/todo

Therearelargeareaspollutedbyindustrialwaste.

Thereusedtobemanybirdsflyinginthebluesky.

Whattroubleshimthesedaysisthattherearetoomanythingstodo.

2、动词+theretobe/therebeing…如expect/want/like/hate/mind/imagine等

Asseniormiddleschoolstudents,weexpecttheretobemorefreetimetorelaxourselves.

Doyoumindtherebeingtwomorestudentsinyourclass?

3、句型Itis+adj.+for+theretobe…

Itiscommonfortheretobeamisunderstandingbetweenteachersandstudents.

I.单项选择

1.____thehouseonfire,hedialed119.　

A.ToseeB.SeeingC.HavingseenD.Beingseen

2.Ifelldownandbrokethreeofmyteeth.IwonderhowmanytimesIhavetocomehereandgetmyfalseteeth____.

A.fixB.fixingC.fixedD.tofix

3.We’re___tolistentoher____voice.It’s___　tohearhersing.

A.pleased;pleasing;pleasureB.pleased;pleasant;apleasure

C.pleasing;pleased;apleasureD.pleasing;pleasant;pleasure

4.___apostoffice,Istopped____somestamps.

A.Passed,buyingB.Passing,tobuy

C.Havingpassed,buyD.Pass,tobuy

5.____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.

A.ComparingB.TocompareC.ComparedD.Havingcompared

6.Herearesomenewcomputerprograms____forhomebuildings.

A.designingB.designC.designedD.todesign

7.____alittlemoney,Jimmywasabletobuyhismotheralovelynewlamp.

A.TosaveB.SavingC.SavedD.Havingsaved

8.Theteachercameintotheclassroom____byhisstudents.

A.followingB.tobefollowing

C.followedD.havingfollowed

9.Withthemoney___,hecouldn’tbuyanyticket.

A.toloseB.losingC.lostD.haslost

10.Therewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimself____.

A.beingheardB.hearingC.heardD.hear

11.Theresultofthetestwasrather_____.

A.disappointedB.disappointing

C.beingdisappointedD.disappoint

12.I’veneverheardtheword____inspokenEnglish.

A.useB.usedC.usingD.beingused

13._____howtodothehomework,Iwenttoaskmyteacherforhelp.

A.NottoknowB.NotknowingC.KnowingnotD.Notknown

14.Deeply__,Ithankedheragainandagain.

A.beingmovingB.movedC.movingD.tobemoved

15.Withwinter_____on,it’stimetobuywarmclothes.

A.cameB.comesC.comeD.coming

16.____theoffice,theforeignvisitorswereshownroundtheteachingbuilding.

A.HavingshownB.Showing

C.HasshownD.Havingbeenshown

17.Hewentfromdoortodoor,____wastepapersandmagazines.

A.gatheringB.gathered

C.gatherD.beinggathered

18.Thestudentcorrectedhispapercarefully,____theprofessor’ssuggestions.

A.followB.followingC.followedD.beingfollowed

19.The___pricewillsaveyouonedollarforeachdozen.

A.reduceB.reducingC.reducedD.reduces

20.People____inthecitydonotknowthepleasureofcountrylife.

A.liveB.toliveC.livedD.living

21.Theforeignertriedhisbest,buthestillcouldn’tmakehispoint___.

A.understandB.understanding

C.tounderstandD.understood

22.Thescientistswerewaitingtoseetheproblem______.

A.settleB.settledC.tosettleD.settling

23.Thelibrary’sstudyroomisfullofstudents_____fortheexam.

A.busilypreparedB.busypreparing

C.busilyprepareD.arebusilypreparing

24.Thegroundis_____with____leaves.

A.covering,fallingB.covered,falling

C.covered,fallenD.covering,fallen

25.Lessons____easilyweresoonforgotten.

A.tolearnB.learn

C.learnedD.learning

1.Theoldfarmer________thebadly-injuredandwoundedsoldier,cameoutoftheburninghouse,________forhelp.A.supporting;callingB.supportedby;calledC.beingsupportedby;calledD.beingsupporting;called2.-Oh,it’salreadyaquarterpastsix.Whatshallwedoatthemeetingthisevening?

-We’llgoonwiththematter________thisafternoon.A.bediscussedB.beingdiscussingC.discussedD.whichdiscussed3.Thebravemandied,________hisyoungwifenothingbuta________cottage.A.left;breakingB.leaving;brokenC.left;brokenD.toleave;breaking4.________hardbefore,Tomisafraidoffailingintheexam.A.Havingbeenworked　B.NottohaveworkedC.HavingneverworkedD.Neverhaveworked5.________theexam,theboywaspunishedbyhisfather.A.NopassingB.HavingpassedC.NotpassingD.Nothavingpassed6.Time________,Icanhavedoneitbetter.A.permitB.bepermittedC.permittingD.topermit7.________,theboycouldn’tenterhishouse.A.SincethekeyhaslostB.ThekeybeenlostC.LostthekeyD.Havinglostthekey8.________intomanylanguages,thestoryiswellknownallovertheworldnow.A.BeingtranslatedB.HavingtranslatedC.TobetranslatedD.Havingbeentranslated9.________fortheterribleaccident,asthepublicthought,themayorfeltnervousandwasatalosswhattodo.A.HavingblamedB.Toblame

C.BeingtobeblameD.Beingtoblame10.________fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotak