计算机专业毕业论文外文翻译.docx

计算机专业毕业论文外文翻译.docx

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计算机专业毕业论文外文翻译

附录

（英文翻译）

RichClientTutorialPart1

TheRichClientPlatform（RCP）isanexcitingnewwaytobuildJavaapplicationsthatcancompetewithnativeapplicationsonanyplatform.ThistutorialisdesignedtogetyoustartedbuildingRCPapplicationsquickly.IthasbeenupdatedforEclipse3.1.2

ByEdBurnette,SAS

July28,2004

Updatedfor3.1.2:

February6,2006

Introduction

Trythisexperiment:

ShowEclipsetosomefriendsorco-workerswhohaven'tseenitbeforeandaskthemtoguesswhatlanguageitiswrittenin.Chancesare,they'llguessVB,C++,orC#,becausethoselanguagesareusedmostoftenforhighqualityclientsideapplications.ThenwatchthelookontheirfaceswhenyoutellthemitwascreatedinJava,especiallyiftheyareJavaprogrammers.

Becauseofitsuniqueopensourcelicense,youcanusethetechnologiesthatwentintoEclipsetocreateyourowncommercialqualityprograms.Beforeversion3.0,thiswaspossiblebutdifficult,especiallywhenyouwantedtoheavilycustomizethemenus,layouts,andotheruserinterfaceelements.Thatwasbecausethe"IDE-ness"ofEclipsewashard-wiredintoit.Version3.0introducedtheRichClientPlatform（RCP）,whichisbasicallyarefactoringofthefundamentalpartsofEclipse'sUI,allowingittobeusedfornon-IDEapplications.Version3.1updatedRCPwithnewcapabilities,and,mostimportantly,newtoolingsupporttomakeiteasiertocreatethanbefore.

Ifyouwanttocuttothechaseandlookatthecodeforthispartyoucanfinditintheaccompanyingzipfile.Otherwise,let'stakealookathowtoconstructanRCPapplication.

Gettingstarted

RCPapplicationsarebasedonthefamiliarEclipseplug-inarchitecture,（ifit'snotfamiliartoyou,seethereferencessection）.Therefore,you'llneedtocreateaplug-intobeyourmainprogram.Eclipse'sPlug-inDevelopmentEnvironment（PDE）providesanumberofwizardsandeditorsthattakesomeofthedrudgeryoutoftheprocess.PDEisincludedwiththeEclipseSDKdownloadsothatisthepackageyoushouldbeusing.Herearethestepsyoushouldfollowtogetstarted.

First,bringupEclipseandselectFile>New>Project,thenexpandPlug-inDevelopmentanddouble-clickPlug-inProjecttobringupthePlug-inProjectwizard.Onthesubsequentpages,enteraProjectnamesuchasorg.eclipse.ui.tutorials.rcp.part1,indicateyouwantaJavaproject,selecttheversionofEclipseyou'retargeting（atleast3.1）,andenabletheoptiontoCreateanOSGibundlemanifest.ThenclickNext>.

BeginninginEclipse3.1youwillgetbestresultsbyusingtheOSGibundlemanifest.Incontrasttopreviousversions,thisisnowthedefault.

InthenextpageoftheWizardyoucanchangethePlug-inIDandotherparameters.Ofparticularimportanceisthequestion,"Wouldyouliketocreatearichclientapplication?

".SelectYes.Thegeneratedplug-inclassisoptionalbutforthisexamplejustleavealltheotheroptionsattheirdefaultvalues.ClickNext>tocontinue.

IfyougetadialogaskingifEclipsecanswitchtothePlug-inDevelopmentPerspectiveclickRemembermydecisionandselectYes（thisisoptional）.

StartingwithEclipse3.1,severaltemplateshavebeenprovidedtomakecreatinganRCPapplicationabreeze.We'llusethesimplestoneavailableandseehowitworks.MakesuretheoptiontoCreateaplug-inusingoneofthetemplatesisenabled,thenselecttheHelloRCPtemplate.ThisisRCP'sequivalentof"Hello,world".ClickFinishtoacceptallthedefaultsandgeneratetheproject（seeFigure1）.EclipsewillopenthePlug-inManifestEditor.ThePlug-inManifesteditorputsafriendlyfaceonthevariousconfiguration

filesthatcontrolyourRCPapplication.

Figure1.TheHelloWorldRCPprojectwascreatedbyaPDEwizard.

Takingitforaspin

TryingoutRCPapplicationsusedtobesomewhattedious.Youhadtocreateacustomlaunchconfiguration,entertherightapplicationname,andtweaktheplug-insthatwereincluded.ThankfullythePDEkeepstrackofallthisnow.AllyouhavetodoisclickontheLaunchanEclipseApplicationbuttoninthePlug-inManifesteditor'sOverviewpage.Youshouldseeabare-bonesWorkbenchstartup（seeFigure2）.

Figure2.ByusingthetemplatesyoucanbeupandrunninganRCPapplicationinminutes.

Makingitaproduct

InEclipsetermsaproductiseverythingthatgoeswithyourapplication,includingalltheotherplug-insitdependson,acommandtoruntheapplication（calledthenativelauncher）,andanybranding（icons,etc.）thatmakeyourapplicationdistinctive.Althoughaswe'vejustseenyoucanrunaRCPapplicationwithoutdefiningaproduct,havingonemakesitawholeloteasiertoruntheapplicationoutsideofEclipse.ThisisoneofthemajorinnovationsthatEclipse3.1broughttoRCPdevelopment.

SomeofthemorecomplicatedRCPtemplatesalreadycomewithaproductdefined,buttheHelloRCPtemplatedoesnotsowe'llhavetomakeone.

Inordertocreateaproduct,theeasiestwayistoaddaproductconfigurationfiletotheproject.Rightclickontheplug-inprojectandselectNew>ProductConfiguration.Thenenterafilenameforthisnewconfigurationfile,suchaspart1.product.Leavetheotheroptionsattheirdefaultvalues.ThenclickFinish.TheProductConfigurationeditorwillopen.Thiseditorletsyoucontrolexactlywhatmakesupyourproductincludingallitsplug-insandbrandingelements.

IntheOverviewpage,selecttheNew...buttontocreateanewproductextension.Typeinorbrowsetothedefiningplug-in（org.eclipse.ui.tutorials.rcp.part1）.EnteraProductIDsuchasproduct,andfortheProductApplicationselectorg.eclipse.ui.tutorials.rcp.part1.application.ClickFinishtodefinetheproduct.BackintheOverviewpage,typeinanewProductName,forexampleRCPTutorial1.

InEclipse3.1.0ifyoucreatetheproductbeforefillingintheProductNameyoumayseeanerrorappearintheProblemsview.TheerrorwillgoawaywhenyouSynchronize（seebelow）.Thisisaknownbugthatisfixedinnewerversions.AlwaysusethelatestavailablemaintenancereleasefortheversionofEclipseyou'retargeting!

NowselecttheConfigurationtabandclickAdd....Selecttheplug-inyoujustcreated（org.eclipse.ui.tutorials.rcp.part1）andthenclickonAddRequiredPlug-ins.ThengobacktotheOverviewpageandpressCtrl+SorFile>Savetosaveyourwork.

Ifyourapplicationneedstoreferenceplug-insthatcannotbedetermineduntilruntime（forexamplethetomcatplug-in）,thenaddthemmanuallyintheConfigurationtab.

Atthispointyoushouldtestouttheproducttomakesureitrunscorrectly.IntheTestingsectionoftheOverviewpage,clickonSynchronizethenclickonLaunchtheproduct.Ifallgoeswell,theapplicationshouldstartupjustlikebefore.

Plug-insvs.features

OntheOverviewpageyoumayhavenoticedanoptionthatsaystheproductconfigurationisbasedoneitherplug-insorfeatures.Thesimplestkindofconfigurationisonebasedonplug-ins,sothat'swhatthistutorialuses.IfyourproductneedsautomaticupdateorJavaWebStartsupport,theneventuallyyoushouldconvertittousefeatures.Buttakemyadviceandgetitworkingwithoutthemfirst.

RunningitoutsideofEclipse

Thewholepointofallthisistobeabletodeployandrunstand-aloneapplicationswithouttheuserhavingtoknowanythingabouttheJavaandEclipsecodebeingusedunderthecovers.Forarealapplicationyoumaywanttoprovideaself-containedexecutablegeneratedbyaninstallprogramlikeInstallShieldorNSIS.That'sreallybeyondthescopeofthisarticlethough,sowe'lldosomethingsimpler.

TheEclipseplug-inloaderexpectsthingstobeinacertainlayoutsowe'llneedtocreateasimplifiedversionoftheEclipseinstalldirectory.Thisdirectoryhastocontainthenativelauncherprogram,configfiles,andalltheplug-insrequiredbytheproduct.Thankfully,we'vegiventhePDEenoughinformationthatitcanputallthistogetherforusnow.

IntheExportingsectionoftheProductConfigurationeditor,clickthelinktoUsetheEclipseProductexportwizard.SettherootdirectorytosomethinglikeRcpTutorial1.ThenselecttheoptiontodeployintoaDirectory,andenteradirectorypathtoatemporary（scratch）areasuchasC:

\Deploy.ChecktheoptiontoIncludesourcecodeifyou'rebuildinganopensourceproject.PressFinishtobuildandexporttheprogram.

ThecompileroptionsforsourceandclasscompatibilityintheEclipseProductexportwizardwilloverrideanyoptionsyouhavespecifiedonyourprojectorglobalpreferences.AspartoftheExportprocess,theplug-iniscodeisrecompiledbyanAntscriptusingtheseoptions.

TheapplicationisnowreadytorunoutsideEclipse.Whenyou'redoneyoushouldhaveastructurethatlookslikethisinyourdeploymentdirectory:

RcpTutorial1

|.eclipseproduct

|eclipse.exe

|startup.jar

+---configuration

|config.ini

+---plugins

mands_3.1.0.jar

org.eclipse.core.expressions_3.1.0.jar

org.eclipse.core.runtime_3.1.2.jar

org.eclipse.help_3.1.0.jar

org.eclipse.jface_3.1.1.jar

org.eclipse.osgi_3.1.2.jar

org.eclipse.swt.win32.win32.x86_3.1.2.jar

org.eclipse.swt_3.1.0.jar

org.eclipse.ui.tutorials.rcp.part1_1.0.0.jar

org.eclipse.ui.workbench_3.1.2.jar

org.eclipse.ui_3.1.2.jar

Notethatalltheplug-insaredeployedasjarfiles.ThisistherecommendedformatstartinginEclipse3.1.Amongotherthingsthissavesdiskspaceinthedeployedapplication.

PreviousversionsofthistutorialrecommendedusingabatchfileorshellscripttoinvokeyourRCPprogram.Itturnsoutthisisabadideabecauseyouwillnotbeabletofullybrandyourapplicationlateron.Forexample,youwon'tbe