高中英语语法系统复习六动名词.docx
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高中英语语法系统复习六动名词
高中英语语法系统复习—六动名词
动名词是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+-ing构成。
它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称。
动名词也有时态和语态的变化，如表所示（以及物动词write为例），不及物动词没有语态的变化。
时态/语态主动被动
一般式writingbeingwritten
完成式havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten
6.1动名词作主语、宾语和表语
1）作主语。
例如：
FightingbrokeoutbetweentheSouthandtheNorth.南方与北方开战了。
2）作宾语
a.有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。
例如：
admit承认appreciate感激avoid避免complete完成consider认为delay耽误
deny否认detest讨厌endure忍受enjoy喜欢escape逃脱fancy想象
finish完成imagine想象mind介意miss想念postpone推迟practice训练
recall回忆resent讨厌resume继续resist抵抗risk冒险suggest建议
face面对include包括stand忍受understand理解forgive宽恕keep继续
例如：
Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradioalittle,please?
你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗
Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissedbeingcaught.这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。
b.有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分。
例如：
admittoprefer…tobeusedtoleadtodevoteoneselftoobjectto
sticktonogoodnousebefondoflookforwardtobeproudof
bebusycan\'thelpbetiredofbecapableofbeafraidofthinkof
burstoutkeeponinsistoncountonsetabout
putoffbegoodattakeupgiveupbesuccessfulin
3）作表语，对主语说明、解释。
例如：
Herjobiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。
比较：
Sheiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.
4）作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。
例如：
awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台
aswimmingpool=apoolswimming游泳池
有些动名词作定语，与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂。
例如：
boilingpoint=atemperaturepointatwhichsomethingbeginstoboil沸点
awalkingtractor=atractorwhichadrivercanoperatewhileheorsheiswalkingbehindit手扶拖拉机
6.2worth的用法
worth,worthy,worthwhile都是形容词，意为\"值得\"。
1.worth：
beworth+n. 当名词为金钱时，表示\"……值得……\"
常见的有It’sworthwhiletodo./It’sworth（someone’s）whiledoing
beworthdoingsth. \"……某事值得被做\"
Thequestionisnotworthdiscussingagainandagain.这问题不值得反复讨论。
2.worthy：
beworthyof+n. 当名词为抽象名词时表示\"……值得……\"
beworthytobedone\"某事值得被做\"
Thequestionisnotworthytobediscussedagainandagain.
3.worthwhile：
beworthwhiletodosth \"值得做某事\"
Itisworthwhiletoaskhimtojointheclub.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。
典型例题
Itisnot____todiscussthequestionagainandagain.
A.worth B.worthy C.worthwhile D.worthwhile
答案C.由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组beworthwhiletodosth.。
选C。
6.3动名词、不定式、分词练习
1.Iwas______worklastweek,butIchangedmymind.
A.tostartB.tohavestartedC.tobestartingD.tohavebeenstarting
2.Iintended______thematterwithyou,butIhadsomeguestshen.
A.discussB.discussingC.havingdiscussedD.tohavediscussed
3.Don’tletmecatchyou______.
A.dothatagainB.todothatagainC.doingthatagainD.donethatagain
4.Therearemanykindsofmetals______.
A.eachhasitsspecialpropertiesB.onehasitsspecialproperties
C.eachhavingitsspecialpropertiesD.havingitsspecialproperties
5.It’spay-day,andthey’rewaiting______.
A.forpayingB.tobepaidC.tobepayingD.tohavepaid
6._______trouble,I’mgoingtoforgetthewholeaffair.
A.ThenrathercauseB.Rathercausing
C.RatherthancauseD.Ratherthancaused
7.Thebrillianceofhissatireswas______makeevenhisvictimslaugh.
A.soastoB.suchastoC.sothatD.suchthat
8.Childrenwithparentswhoseguidanceisfirm,consistent,andrationalareinclined______highlevelsofself-confidence.
A.possessB.havepossessedC.topossessD.possessing
9.Theworkeris______inrepairingthemachinetonoticemycoming.
A.toobusyB.enoughbusyC.busytooD.busyenough
10.“Whatdidyoudointhegarden?
”
“Iwatchedmyfather______hismotorbike.”
A.torepairB.repairedC.repairingD.repairs
11.Wemusthaveanengineer______theworkersbuildthehouse.
A.toseeB.seeC.seeingD.seen
12.Inductionmeans______ageneralconclusionfromspecialfacts.
A.tocometoB.tocomingC.comingtoD.came
13.I’mnotgoingtoasktheteacherwhyhegavemethatgrade;Iintend_______.
A.toletrestthematterB.themattertobeletresting
C.lettingthemattertorestD.toletthematterrest
14.Ihavetried_______worryingaboutit.
A.tostopconsciouslyB.toconsciouslystop
C.toconsciousstoppingD.tostoppingconsciously
15.“Doyouwanttogiveatalkonthatsubject?
”
“Iprefer______.”
A.notwantB.notwantingC.tonotgivingD.notto
16.I_______thetruthofyourremarks,althoughtheygoagainstmyinterests.
A.cannotbutadmitB.cannothelpbuttoadmit
C.cannotbutadmittingD.cannothelpbutadmitting
17.Sincesheisangry,we______.
A.hadbetterleavingheraloneB.shouldleaveheralone
C.mightaswellleaveheraloneD.hadratherleaveheralone
18.Idon’tallow______inmyofficeandIdon’tallowmyfamily______atall.
A.tosmoke…smokingB.smoking…tosmoke
C.tosmoke…tosmokeD.smoking…smoking
19.Youshouldremember______fromthepointwhenyouarewritingacomposition.
A.don’twanderB.nottowanderC.nowanderingD.notwander
20.Graceadvisedustowithdraw______.
A.soastogetnotinvolvedB.soasnottogetinvolved
C.sothattogetnotinvolvedD.asnottogetinvolved
21.Heranallthewayuptothestation______thatthetrainhadleftfifteenminutesbefore.
A.inordertofindB.soastofindC.onlytofindD.suchastofind
22.Georgewenthuntingforaweekbutstillhedidn’tfindaroom______.
A.toliveB.toliveinC.forlivingD.tobelivingin
23.Youshouldreallyavoid______athomealoneasheisoldandill.
A.yourfatherstayB.yourfathertostay
C.yourfather’sstayingD.yourfatherwhostays
24.Johndidn’twanttorisk______wetashehadonlyonesuit.
A.gettingB.togetC.beinggotD.tobegotten
25.I’mdisappointedwiththenewofficerselectedinourclub,butthereisnopoint_______aboutit.
A.toworryB.inworryingC.withusworryingD.ifweworry
26.Itwon’tbeanyuse______toborrowanymoremoney.
A.youtotryB.ofyourtryingC.tryingyouD.yourtrying
27.Thelawrequiresallcars_______forsafetyandefficiency.
A.beingtestedregularlyB.toberegularlytested
C.beregularlytestedD.regularlytested
28.Iremember______tothezoobymyfatherwhenIwaslittle.
A.beingtakenB.takingC.havebeentakenD.tohavetaken
29.Icompletelyforgot______thefrontdoorlastnightandfeelfortunatethatnothingisstolen.
A.lockingB.beinglockedC.tolockD.tohavelocked
30.Iregret______youthatyourapplicationhasbeenrefused.
A.informingB.beinginformedC.tobeinformedD.toinform
31.Ididn’tmean______anything,buttheseappleslookedsogoodIcouldn’tresist______one.
A.toeat…tryingB.toeat…totryingC.eating…totryD.eating…totrying
32.Iknowitisn’timportantbutIcan’thelp______aboutit.
A.buttothinkB.thinkingC.thinkD.tothink
33.Theship,______toashapelesswreck,washardlyrecognizable.
A.beingreducedB.reducingC.reducedD.havingbeenreducing
34.Theyoungdoctorcouldnotsleepatnight,histhoughts______himnopeace.
A.gaveB.givingC.beinggivenD.togive
35.Afteralongwalkonahotday,onefeels______.
A.exhaustiveB.exhaustingC.exhaustD.exhausted
36.Thoserelativesofhisare______.Idon’twanttohaveanydealingswiththem.
A.boringpeopleB.boredpeople
C.peoplehavingboredD.peoplehavingboring
37.Youmustfollowthedirectionsexactlyandifyoubecome______,youmusttakethetimetogobackagainandrereadthem.
A.toconfuseB.confusingC.confuseD.confused
38.ThereissomethingwrongwithmyTVset,Imusthaveit______.
A.checkingB.checkC.tocheckD.checked
39.Hewasjustabouttojumpupwhenhefeltsomething______nearhisfeet.
A.tomoveB.moveC.movingD.moved
40.______withthecorrespondingperiodoflastyear,theoutputofchemicalfibersinthefirstquarterroseby15%.
A.ComparingB.TocompareC.ComparedD.Compare
41.“Wastherallysuccessful?
’
“No,becausethenumberof______wassmallerthanwehadexpected.”
A.peoplewhoattendB.attendedpeople
C.peopleattendingD.attendanceofpeople
42.UncleDickhasalreadyarrive.Doyouexpect______toseehim?
A.GoingB.goC.togoD.thatyougo
43.FromtheelectricrefrigeratorDicktakesacartonofcream,anotheroffreshmilkandacanof______orangejuice.
A.frozenB.frozeC.freezingD.freezed
44.Hefeltbadfor______achancetostudyabroad.
A.havingnotgivenB.nothavinggiven
C.havingnotbeengivenD.nothavingbeengiven
45.Insomecountriestherearealreadyanumberoffirms______computerprogramming.
A.specializeinB.specializedinC.specializinginD.specializesin
46.Theyoungmanwhosawthecar______intotherivertelephonedthepolicestation.
A.plungeB.plungedC.wasplungingD.toplunge
47.Whileshewasshopping,shekept______thelisttomakesureshehadn’tforgottenanything.
A.checkedB.checkingC.tocheckD.check
48.You’dbetter______.
A.tohaveyourshoesmendedB.tohavemendedyourshoes
C.haveyourshoesmendedD.havingyourshoesmended
49.Themachinesaremade______atfullspeed.
A.workB.workingC.toworkD.tobeworked
50.Itiscertainthatmenwillneverstop______newenergysourcestopowertheirgrowingindustry.
A.findingB.tofindC.havingfoundD.found
51.Itisreallyquiteextraordinarythatweshouldhavebeenatthesamecollegewithout______before.
A.metB.beingmetC.havingmetD.havingbeenmet
52.ProfessorSmithissaid______anotherimportantdiscoveryinchemistry.
A.havingmadeB
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