高考押题英语附答案.docx

高考押题英语附答案.docx

《高考押题英语附答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考押题英语附答案.docx（20页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

高考押题英语附答案

2015年高考押题英语卷1

第一部分阅读理解

第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

AreportfromtheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciences'Commissionrevealsthat,duetoajobmarketwhichdisproportionatelyrewardsgraduatesinSTEM（science,technology,engineering,andmathematics）fields,moreandmorestudentsareseekingdegreesinbusinessandhard-sciencesubjects.

Someinstitutionshaverespondedbycuttingbudgetsintheartsandhumanitiesanddirectingthosefundselsewhere.That'sthewrongthingtodo.Thehumanitiesstudyoflanguages,literature,history,philosophy,religion,ethics,etc.-andtheartsarevitaltoourfuture.Weshouldbeinvestingmorefunds,moretimeandmoreexpertise,notless,intotheseendeavors.

Whatdetractors（诋毁者）ofthe"soft"subjectsmissisthattheartsandhumanitiesprovideanessentialframeworkandcontextforunderstandingthewiderworld.Studyingthehumanitiesstrengthenstheabilitytocommunicateandworkwithothers.Itallowsstudentstodevelopbroadintellectualandculturalunderstanding;itnurturescreativityanddeepensparticipationinpublicdiscourseandmodemdemocracy.

Thecommission'sreportpointsoutthat"attheverymomentwhenChinaisseekingtoadoptourmodelofbroadeducationinthehumanities,socialsciencesandnaturalsciencesasastimulustoinvention,theUnitedStatesisinsteadnarrowingourfocusandabandoningoursenseofwhateducationhasbeenandshouldcontinuetobeoursenseofwhatmakesAmericagreat."

Thesearethetellingstatistics:

First,federalfundingforhelpingAmericanstudentsincludeinternationaltrainingintheireducationhasbeencut41percentinfouryears.Second,theNationalAssessmentofEducationalProgresstestshowsthatonlylessthanaquarterofeighth-and12th-gradeUSstudentsareproficientinreading,writingandcivics.

HowcanwepossiblyequiptheUSforitsleadershiproleinanincreasinglyconnectedworldifwearenotadequatelyteachingstudentstocommunicateandhelpingthemunderstandandencounterdiverseperspectives?

Ifwefailtoinvestintheartsandhumanities,ourcountry'sfutureleaderswillnothavetheabilitytoconnectonanemotionallevelwithothers.Thisabilityisdevelopedbystudyingthehumanities,andintheglobalcommunitythisskillisnotoptional-it'sessential.

Inaword,wemustenthusiasticallysupportandfundthestudyoftheartsandhumanities.Foranyoneconcernedwithhowthistranslatesintoasoundeconomyandasoundfinancialfuture,simplyrecallwhatSteveJobstoldgraduatesofStanfordUniversityin2005:

OneofthemostinfluentialexperiencesinhisbrieftimeatReedCollegewashisexposuretothefineartofcalligraphy（书法）．Ittaughthimtheimportantlessonoftherelationshipbetweendisciplineandcreativity.

1.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Businessandhard-sciencesubjectsarebasedupontheartsandhumanities.

B.AtpresenttoomuchemphasisandinvestmentareputonscienceinAmerica.

C.MorestudentswilllearntheartsandhumanitiesinsteadofscienceintheUSA.

D.ChinahasspentmoremoneyinthehumanitiesandsocialsciencesthantheUSA.

2.TheauthormentionsSteveJobsinthelastparagraphtoprovethat_____.

A.sciencehasacloserelationshipwiththeartsandhumanities

B.investmentintheartsandhumanitiespromoteseconomicdevelopment

C.calligraphyplaysadeterminingroleinSteveJobs'accomplishment

D.ReedCollegesupportsandfundsthestudyoftheartsandhumanities

3.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?

A.SignificanceofartsandhumanitiesB.Keyqualitiesoffutureleaders

C.DeclineofartsandhumanitiesD.Riseandfallofhardsciences

B

FuelCellTechnologyforCars

Fillherupwithhydrogen?

That'swhatsome

Californiamotoristsmaybesayingsoon,ascarmakerstry

tospeedupproductionofzeroemission（零排放）carsto

meetstaterequirementsinthenearfuture.

BeneaththeskinofthisordinarylookingHondas

FCXConceptVehiclesitsanelectro-chemicalreactor:

a

handbuilt,astronomicallyexpensivepowerplantknown

asafuelcell.It'sexpectedtoberunningordinaryfamilycarsonCalifornia'sroadswithinthreeyears.

Sowhatexactlyisafuelcell,anyway?

Whyaregovernments,privatebusinessesandacademicinstitutionscooperatingtodevelopandproducethem?

Afuelcell,verysimplydescribed,isapowergenerator,makingelectricitythroughthecombinationofhydrogenandoxygen.Fuelcellsgenerateelectricalpowerquietlyandefficiently,withoutpollution,unlikepowersourcesthatusefossilfuels,theonlyby-productsfromanoperatingfuelcellareheatandwater.Tobemoretechnicalaboutit,ahydrogenatomwithitsoneelectron,attemptstopassthroughafuelcellmembrane（膜）tounitewithanoxygenatom.Themembraneallowsonlythehydrogenproton（质子）topassthrough,forcingitselectrontorunaroundthemembranetocatchupwiththeprotonontheotherside.Thiscreateselectricity,water,andheat,butnoexhaustemissions.

Ifthefuelcellispoweredwithpurehydrogen,ithasthepotentialtobeupto80-percentefficient,Thatis,itturns80percentoftheenergycontentofthehydrogenintoelectricalenergy.However,westillneedtoturntheelectricalenergyintomechanicalwork.Thisisaccomplishedbytheelectricmotor.Areasonablenumberfortheefficiencyofthemotorisabout80percent.Sowehave80-percentefficiencyingeneratingelectricity,and80-percentefficiencyturningitintomechanicalpower.Thatgivesanoverallefficiencyofabout64percent.Honda'sFCXconceptvehiclereportedlyhas60-percentenergyefficiency,whichistwiceoreventhreetimesmoreefficientthanusualcars.

Butinspiteofalltheadvantagesdescribedabove,expertssay,"Westillhavetechnicalchallengesgettingthisextremelycomplexsystemtoworkproperly,thewaycustomersexpectittowork.Therearechallengesinusingnewfuels,andprovidingthenewfuelbasicfacilities.Andbeforefuelcellvehicleshittheroad,therewillhavetobeanetworkofhydrogenstationsthatwillallowdriverstofillupwiththeflammablegas,under36-hundredpoundsofpressure."

4.WhatcanbeinferredfromCalifornia's"zeroemissionspolicy"?

A.Newcarswithfuelcelltechnologywillsurelybecomemuchcheaper.

B.Bycarryingoutthepolicy,trafficwillnotbesobusyasitisnow.

C.ThequalityoflifeinCaliforniawillimproveoncethispolicyisineffect.

D.Withfacilitiesofnewkinds,morelocalemploymentwillbecreated.

5.Whatdoesthephrase"powerplant"referto?

A.Apowerdevicegeneratingelectricity.B.Apowerstationprovidingelectricity.

C.Apowercomponentconsumingelectricity.D.Apowerengineusingelectricity.

6.Oneofthereasonswhyfuelcellpoweredvehiclesaresuperioristhat..

A.theygiveoutalmostnowaterorheatB.theyrunfasterandmoresmoothly

C.theygiveoutalmostnonoiseD.theyturn64%oftheenergyintoelectricity

7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?

A.Customerswillnotthinkitagoodideatodevelopfuelcelltechnology.

B.Itisstillnotveryeasytospeedupproductionofzeroemissioncars.

C.Wecan'tignorethefinancialproblemstobuildanetworkofhydrogenstations.

D.Westillhavemuchdifficultyturningallthechainsofthebusinessintoreality.

C

WhenDeKalbWalcottIIIwasjust8yearsold,hisfather,aChicagofirechief,lethimtagalongonacall.DeKalbsaysalotofkidsidolizedbasketballplayerMichaelJordanwhenhewasgrowingupinChicagointhe1990s.Nothim.

"IwantedtobelikeDeKalbWalcottJr.,"hesaysofhisfather.

Sowhenhisdadaskedifhewantedtogoonthatcallwithhimwhenhewas8,DeKalbwasexcited."I'mjumpingupanddown,saying,"Mom,canIgo?

CanIgo?

'"

TheexperiencechangedDeKalb’slife,hetellshisdadonavisittoStoryCorps."Myeyesgotbigfromthemomentthealarmwentoff."theyoungerDeKalbsays.“ThisisthelifethatIwanttolivesomeday.”

Now27,theyoungerDeKalbislivingthatlife.Hebecameafirefighterat21and

wenttoworkalongsidehisdadattheChicagoFireDepartment.Beforehisfatherretired,thepairevenwentoutonacalltogether—fathersupervising（监督）son.

"Youknow,it'severythingformetowatchyougrow,"hisfathersays.Buthealsorecallsworryingaboutoneparticularfirethathissonfaced.

"Ireceivedaphonecallthatnight.Andtheysaid,'Well,yoursonwasatthisfire.'Isaid,'OK,whichwayisthisconversationgoingtogo?

'“DeKalbWalcottJr.recalls.

"Andtheysaid,'buthe'sOK.Andheputitoutallbyhimself.Everybodyherewasproudofhim.'

"Andthewordwentaround,'Whowasouttheremanagingthatfire?

Oh,that'sWalcott!

That'sWalcottupthere!

'So,youknow,momentslikethat,it'sheavenonEarthforadad."

DeKalbWalcottJr.retiredin2009.TheyoungerDeKalbsayshe'sproudofbeingasecond-generationfirefighter."Youknow,itmakesmelookforwardtofatherhoodaswell,becauseI'mdefinitelylookingforwardtopassingthattorchdowntomyson."

8.TheunderlinedphrasetagalonginParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.

A.putoutfireB.watchbasketballC.followhisfatherD.askhismother’spermission

9.DeKalbWalcottIIIdeterminedtobecomeafirefighterattheageof_________.

A.8B.21C.27D.35

10.WhatdidDeKalbWalcottJrwanttodobeforehewastoldthatthefirewasputout?

A.GoonwiththeconversationB.Putitoutallbyhimself

C.SupervisehissonD.Gotothefirescene

11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.DeKalbWalcottJrisproudtobeasecond-generationfirefighter.

B.DeKalbWalcottIIIw