深圳一模详细解析.docx
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深圳一模详细解析
2020年深圳市普通高中高三年级线上统一测试英语注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考生号填写在答题卡指定位置。
2.选择题的答案填写或涂写方式,请按照学校使用的考试平台所需具体要求作答。
3.非选择题答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内,写在非答题区域的答案无效。
4.考生必须保证纸质答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后,按照学校的具体要求提交答题卡。
第I卷第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Anincreasingnumberofstudentsworldwideareconsideringstudyingabroad.Theapplicationprocessvariesfromcountrytocountry.Ifyou’relookingforauniversitywithastronginternationaloutlookbutfeelsweptover风靡,眺望,向-扩展byalltheapplicationoptions,hereissomeguidancetogetyoustarted.
UK
InternationalstudentsmustapplytouniversitiesintheUKthroughasystemknownasUcas.Thissystemallowsstudentstoapplytouptofiveuniversitieswithjustoneapplication.Itcosts£20forasinglechoiceor£25formorethanonechoice.
Theapplicationconsistsofaseriesofquestionstodeterminethestudent’sschoolingandpredictedgrades.Thebiggestpartoftheapplicationformisthepersonalstatement,inwhichapplicantsshoulddescribetheirpersonalinterestsandrelatedexperiences.
Switzerland
Switzerlandhasfourofficiallanguagesandisborderedbyfivecountriessoitisnosurprisethatitsuniversitiesareamongthemostinternationalintheworld.Internationalapplicantsmayneedtotakeanentranceexamiftheyhaveaforeignschoolcertificate,andmustalsoprovethattheyhaveagoodgraspoftheFrenchlanguage,usuallythroughtakingalanguageexam.Thefullapplicationcosts50SwissFrancsforaholderofaSwissdiplomaand150SwissFrancsforholdersofforeigndiplomas.特许证
Canada
Internationalapplicantshavetowriteupapersonalprofileaspartoftheirapplication,whichisverysimilartothepersonalstatementrequiredforaUKuniversityapplication.StudentswillalsohavetoprovetheirEnglish-languagecompetency—thereareninewaystomeettheEnglishLanguageAdmissionStandard,whicharelistedonmanyuniversitywebsites.
Singapore
TheprocessofapplyingtoaSingaporeanuniversityisverymuchalike,butoverseasstudentsmaybedelightedtofindthatthedomesticapplicantshavetocoverthesameprocedures:
fillingoutanonlineapplicationformandsubmitidentificationdocuments,supportingdocumentsandanapplicationfeeofS$20.
21.WhichcountryrequiresinternationalapplicantsknowFrenchwell?
A.UK.B.Switzerland.C.Canada.D.Singapore.
22.WhatpartoftheapplicationissimilarbetweentheUKandCanada?
A.Theapplicationsystem.
B.Thenumberofuniversities.
C.Theapplicationcost.
D.Thepersonalstatement.
23.What’sspecialabouttheapplicationprocessinSingapore?
A.Applicantsneedtopayalot.
B.Itismuchsimplerthanelsewhere.
C.It’snodifferentfornativestudents.
D.Thecompetitionisevenmorefierce.
B
Onedayaftermorethanamonthofclasses,Ireadaloudaparagraphfrommybook,recognizingallofthecharacterssmoothlyexceptforone.Isatbackandstartedtoregistertheachievement:
IwasactuallyreadingChinese.Thelanguagewasstartingtomakesense.Butbeforethesenseofsatisfactionwashalfformed,TeacherLiaosaid,“Budui!
”
Itmeant,literally,“Notcorrect.”Youcouldalsotranslateitasno,wrong,nope,uh-uh.Flatly完全地andclearlyincorrect.ThereweremanyChinesewordsthatIdidn’tknow,butIknewthatonewell.
Avoiceinmyheadwhined:
Alloftherestofthemwereright;isn’tthatworthsomething?
ButforTeacherLiaoitdidn’tworklikethat.Ifonecharacterwaswrongitwassimplybudui.
“What’sthisword?
”Iasked,pointingatthecharacterIhadmissed.“Zhe—thezheinZhejiang.”
“Thirdtone?
”
“Fourthtone.”
Ibreatheddeeplyandreadthesectionagain,andthistimeIdiditperfectly.Thatwasavictory—IturnedtoTeacherLiaoandmyeyessaid(oratleastIimaginedthemsaying):
Howdoyoulikemenow?
Thereseemedtobesomesatisfactioninhereyes,butshesimplysaid,“Readthenextone.”
Itwasherwayofteaching.Successwasexpectedandfailurecriticizedandimmediatelycorrected.Youwererightoryouwerebudui;therewasnomiddleground.
Igrewtohatebudui.Thebuwasarisingtoneandtheduidroppedabruptly,突然地likebuildingmyconfidenceandthenbreakingdownallatonce.Anditbotheredmeallthemore更加,格外becauseIknewthatTeacherLiaowasonlytellingthetruth:
everythingIdidwiththelanguagewasbudui.Iwasanadult,andasanadultIshouldbeabletoacceptcriticismwhereitwasneeded.Butthatwasn’ttheAmericanway;Iwantedtobepraisedformyeffort;Ididn’tmindcriticismaslongasitwascandy-coated.InChina,thesingleBonthereportcardmattersmuchmorethanalltheAsthatsurroundit.Keepworking;youhaven’tachievedanythingyet.
AndsoIstudied.IwasfrustratedbutIwasalsostubborn;IwasdeterminedtoshowTeacherLiaothatIwasdui.
24.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplace“whined”inParagraph3?
A.burstout.B.gavein.C.returned.D.complained.
25.WhatdidthewriterexpectfromTeacherLiaoafterhetriedagain?
A.Immediatecorrection.B.Anewchallenge.
C.Anencouragingresponse.D.Astrictcomment.
26.HowdidthewriterfeelabouttheChinesewayofteaching?
A.Candy-coated.B.Weakness-focused.
C.Interest-driven.D.Criticism-absent.
27.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?
A.ThewriterwasstrugglingwithLiao’steaching.
B.TheAmericanwayofteachingisbetterforadults.
C.Thewriterwasnotgiftedinlanguagelearning.
D.TeacherLiaowasnotfriendlywithherstudents.
C
Inthewinterof1664-65,abittercold严寒fellonLondoninthedaysbeforeChristmas.Abovethecity,anunusuallybrightcomet(彗星)shotacrossthesky,excitingmuchpredictionofasnowstorm.Outsidethecitywall,awomanwasannounceddeadofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea.Herhousewaslockedupandthephrase“Lord主,上帝HaveMercyOnUs”waspaintedonthedoorinred.
BythefollowingChristmas,thevirusthathadkilledthewomanwouldgoontokillnearly100,000peoplelivinginandaroundLondon—almostathirdofthosewhodidnotflee.
InTheGreatPlague|pleig|(瘟疫),historianA.LloydMooteandmicrobiologistDorothyC.Mooteprovideadeeplyinformedaccountofthisplagueyear.Readingthebook,readersaretakenfromthepalacesofthecity’swealthiestcitizenstothepoorareaswherethevastmajorityofLondonerswereliving,andtothesurroundingcountrysidewiththosewhofled.TheMootespointoutthat,evenattheheightoftheplague,thecitydidnotfallintochaos.|keias|混乱Doctors,nursesandthechurchstaffremainedinthecitytocareforthesick;cityofficialstriedtheirbesttofightthecrisiswithallthelegaltools;andcommerce商业continuedevenasbusinessesshutdown.
TodescribelifeanddeathinandaroundLondon,theauthorsfocusontheexperiencesofnineindividuals.Throughtheirlettersanddiaries,theMootesofferfreshdescriptionsofkeyissuesinthehistoryoftheGreatPlague:
howdifferentcommunitiesunderstoodandexperiencedthedisease;howmedical,religious,andgovernmentbodiesreacted;howwellthesocialorderheldtogether;theeconomicandmoraldilemmaspeoplefacedwhendebatingwhethertofleethecity;andthenatureofthematerial,social,andspiritualresourcessupportingthosewhoremained.Basedonhumanity(人性),theauthorsofferamasterfulportrait肖像ofacityanditsinhabitantsattackedby—anddaringlyresisting—unimaginablehorror.
28.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?
A.Acometalwaysfollowsastorm.
B.Londonwasunderanapproachingthreat.
C.Londonwaspreparedforthedisease
D.Thewomanwasthebeginningofthedisease.
29.WhatdotheMootessayaboutLondonduringtheGreatPlague?
A.Thecityremainedorganized.
A.Theplaguesparedtherichareas.
B.Thepeopletriedalotinvain.
C.Themajorityfledandthussurvived.
30.WhydotheMootesfocusonthenineindividuals?
A.Theywerefamouspeopleinhistory.
B.TheyallmanagedtosurvivethePlague.
C.Theyprovidedvividstoriesofhumanity.
D.Theyunitedbythinkingandactingasone.
31.What’sthepurposeofthistext?
A.Tointroduceanewbook.
B.Tocorrectamisunderstanding.
C.Toreportanewresearch.
D.Toshowrespecttotheauthors.
D
RiversaretheveinsoftheEarth,transportingthewaterandnutrients(营养物)neededtosupporttheplanet’secosystems,includinghumanlife.Whilemanynutrientsareessentialtothesurvivaloflife,thereisoneelementtransportedbywaterinriversthatholdsthekeytolifeandtothefutureofourplanet—carbon.
CarboniseverywhereandunderstandingthewayitmovesandiseitherreleasedorstoredbytheEarthsystemisacomplexscienceinitself.Carbonstartsitsjourneydownstreamwhennaturalacidrain,whichcontainscarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere, meltsmineralsinrocks.Thishelpstransformcarbondioxidetobicarbonate(碳酸氢盐)inthewaterthatthenflowsinourrivers.Thisisaverylongprocess,whichisoneofthemainwayscarbondioxideisremovedfromtheatmosphere.Carbonistransportedbyriverstooceansandoncethatcarbonreachestheocean,itisstorednaturallyindeepseasediments(沉淀物)formillionsofyears.
Ascarbontravelsdownariver,differentprocessesmayimpact(影响)whetheritcontinuestoflowdownstreamorwhetheritisreleasedintotheatmosphere.Forexample,humanengineering,likeextensivedamconstruction,willresultindramaticchangestohowwaterandsedimentstraveldowntheriver.Somecarbonthatfailstoreachtheseamayreturntotheatmosphereinsomeway,whichcausesmorewarming.
Earth’sclimateiscloselyrelatedtothecarboncycle.Weallknowa