人教版新目标八年级英语下册unit 3.docx

人教版新目标八年级英语下册unit 3.docx

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人教版新目标八年级英语下册unit3

Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?

一．基本知识点1.Peter,couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?

彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？

Couldyoupleasedosth?

请你（做）......好吗？

用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。

Could不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。

回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：

Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.否定回答：

Sorry,Ican’t2、takeout取出（v+adv）【拓展】take构成的短语：

takeawalk去散步takearest休息takecareof照顾takeoff脱下；起飞takeup占据takedown拿下takeone’stime不急；慢慢来takeone’stemperature量体温takeoutthetrash倒垃圾takeaway拿走，取走takeback收回takeplace发生3.dothedishes洗碗Canyoudothedishes.？

那你可以洗盘子吗？

eover过来【拓展】come短语：

comeacross（偶然）发现comeback回来comeupwith想出cometrue实现comedown下来comefrom=befrom来自,出生于comein/into进入,进来comeon赶快,加油comealong走吧,过来,快点comeandgo来来去去comeup上来comeout出来，（花）开，（照片）冲洗出来5.allthetime=always一直；总是YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!

你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！

6.neither两者都不neither…nor…既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定NeitherTomnorJimisastudent.7.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。

【解析】find+宾语+宾语补足语【注】find→found→foundv寻找

（1）findsb.doingsth发现某人做某事

（2）findit+adj.+todosth发现做某事很……◆finditdifficult/hardtodosth发现做某事很困难Shefoundithardtofinishtheworkbyherself.8.surprisev使吃惊→surprisingadj.令人吃惊的→surprisedadj.吃惊的toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是insurprise吃惊地惊奇地besurprisedat对……感到吃惊Tomysurprise_（使我吃惊的是），hegotthefirstprizeintheexam.Sheaskedinsurprise.她吃惊地问道。

9.hangout闲逛hangup把......悬挂/挂起10.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?

你能把盐递给我吗？

1

【解析】pass⑴v给；递；走过；通过passsb.sth把某物递给某Passon传递Pleasepassthepaperontotheotherstudents.⑵v通过；路过Ipassyourhome.⑶v通过（考试）；及格Tomcanpasshismathexam.11.CouldIborrowthatbook?

我能借下你那本书看吗、Couldyoulendmesomemoney?

你能借我一些钱吗？

【解析】borrow/lend/keep

（1）borrow借入,与from连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】borrowsthfromsb.从某人那里借某物Youcanborrowthebookfromthelibrary.

（2）lend借出,与to搭配【指借出去】lendsbsth=lendsthtosb把某物借给某人Hedoesn’twanttolendhisbooktoothers.（3）keep保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】【记】Iwantto__borrow__abikefrommyfriendbuthedidn’t_lend___ittome,becauseTomhad_kept____itfortwodays.12.Ihatetodochores.我讨厌做家务。

hatetodosth讨厌做某事,表示某次具体行为或动作。

Ihatetotroublehim.hatedoingsth不愿意做某事表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。

Shehatessmokinginherroom.13.ask构成的短语：

短语含义asksb.todosth请某人做某事asksb.nottodosth不让某人做某事asksbforsth向某人要某物askforhelp寻求帮助14.Houseworkisawasteoftheirtime.做家务是在浪费他们的时间。

【解析】awasteof浪费awasteoftime浪费时间awasteofmoney浪费金钱wastev“浪费”wastetime/moneyonsthwastetime/money（in）doingsth在做某事上花费时间/金钱Don’t____waste______water.Can’tyouseethesign“savewater”?

15.spend...onsth在某事上花费......spend/pay/cost/take花费

（1）spend→spent→spentv花费,主语是人◆sb.+spend+时间/钱+onsth◆sb.+spend+时间/钱+（in）doingsth◆spendon=payfor支付Hespendstoomuchtimeonthecomputergames.Remembertospendsometime_with_yourlovedones,becausethey’renotgoingtobearoundforever.Myfather__spent___onehundredthousandyuanonhisnewcar.

（2）pay→paid→paidv支付，主语是人◆sb.+pay+钱+forsthIpay10yuanforthebook.—Howmuchdidyou__pay__forthiscomputer?

—Fivehundreddollars.2

（3）cost→cost→costv花费，主语是某物或某事◆sthcostsb.+钱某物花费某人多少钱Anewcomputercostsmealotofmoney.Iboughtanewsweaterlastweekend.It___cost_me120yuan.（4）take→took→takenv花费◆Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.16.inorderto“目的是；为了”后接动词原形。

inordertodosth为了做某事Heranquicklyinordernot__tobe___lateforthemeeting.17.providesth.forsb.为某人提供某物providev提供providesb.withsth.（sb前介词用for）=providesthforsb.（sth前需加介词with）供应某人某物相当于：

offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.provide为应急等做好准备而“提供；供给”providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb.提供某人某物offer侧重表示“愿意给予”offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.对某人提供某物offertodosth主动提出干某事supply定期“供应”,强调替代或补充所需物品Supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.为某人提供某物②TheInternetprovidesus_with__alotof_information___weneed.②—Couldyoupleaseprovideus_with___someinformationaboutthestudents’health?

—Ofcourse,it’smypleasure.18.Andanyway,Ithinkdoingchoresisnotsodifficult.无论如何，我认为做家务并不那么难。

【解析】anyway无论如何,（一般放在句首，用逗号和句子隔开）19.Childrenthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。

【解析】dependon依靠；信赖——Shallwegoforapicnictomorrow?

——Well,itall___dependson____theweather.20.Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren’sindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教他们如何照顾自己。

【解析】developindependence培养独立意识developv→developmentn发展→developingadj.发展的→developedadj.发达的adevelopingcountry一个发展中国家adevelopedcountry一个发达国家Chinaisa__developing___country.21.Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.结果，他常常生病，功课也落下了。

【解析1】asaresult结果（插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开）Don’taskhimtoolateintothenight,__Asaresult___,heisonlyasmallchild.【解析2】fallill生病fallasleep入睡二．【重点短语】3

1.gooutfordinner出去吃饭2.stayoutlate在外面待到很晚3.gotothemovies去看电影4.getaride搭车5.workon从事6.finishdoingsth.完成做某事7.cleanandtidy干净整洁的8.dothedishes洗餐具9.takeouttherubbish倒垃圾10.foldyour/theclothes叠衣服11.sweepthefloor扫地12.makeyour/thebed整理床铺13.cleanthelivngroom打扫客厅14.noproblem没问题15.welcomesb.欢迎某人ehomefromschool/work放学/下班回家17.throwdown扔下18.sitdown坐下eover过来20.takesb.forawalk带某人去散步21.allthetime一直;总是22.allday/evening整曰/夜23.dohousework做家务24.shoutback大声回应25.walkaway走26.sharethehousework分担家务27.acomfortablehome一个舒适的家28.insurprise惊讶地29.getsomethingtodrink拿点喝的东西30.watchoneshow观看一个节目31.hangout闲逛32.passsb.sth.把某物传给某人33.lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人34.getsth.wet使某物弄湿35.hatetodosth.讨厌做某事36.dochores做杂务37.helpsb.（to）do/withsth•帮助某人干某事38.bringatent带顶帐篷来39.buysomesnacks买些小吃40.gotothestore去商店41.invitesb.toaparty邀请某人参加聚会42.makesb.dosth.使某人做某事43.enoughstress足够的压力44.awasteoftime浪费时间45.inorderto为了46.getgoodgrades取得好成绩47.minddoingsth.介意做某事48.dependon依赖;依靠49.developchildren’sindependence发展孩子的独立性50.lookafter/takecareof照顾；照看4

51.doone’spartin（doing）sth.做某人分内的事三．【重点句型】1.Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?

你能打扫一下你的房间吗？

2.Ihavetodosomework.我必须干些活。

3.CouldIuseyourcomputer?

我可以用一下你的电脑吗？

4.Shewon'tbehappyifsheseesthismess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。

5.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。

6.MymomcameoverassoonasIsatdowninfrontoftheTV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。

7.Ihatetodochores.我不喜欢做杂务。

练习题一、翻译下列短语。

1.洗盘子__________________2.倒垃圾________________3.叠衣服__________________4.扫地____________________5.铺床___________________6.打扫起居室______________7.出去吃晚饭______________8.去看电影_______________9.为了____________________10.借一些钱_______________11.搭车_________________12.去商店_________________13.buysomedrinksandsnacks____________14.invitemyfriendstoaparty_____________15.useyourCDplayer____________________16.stayoutlate_____________________二、词汇。

A）根据所给中文完成下列句子。

1.Throwthese__________（垃圾）inthebin.2.Idon’twanttoseethefilmand__________（而且）Ihaven’tgotanymoney.3.I_________（折叠）theletterandputitintheenvelope.4.Therewasaterrible_________（杂乱）aftertheparty.5.Hecan’tswim.________（也不）canI.6.Couldyou_______（递）methesalt?

7.She_______（厌恶）thesmellofsmoke.5

8.Thetelephonerang__________（在……期间）Iwashavingashower.9.Itriedtofindajobinorderto_______（提供）clothesandfoodformyfamily.10.He________（依靠）onyoutohelphim.B）用所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Couldyouplease_________（sweep）hefloor?

2.Youwillfindseveralshopsinthe_________（neighbor）.3.He__________（develop）thelittleshopintoabigstore.4.Thestreetswerelitteredwith__________（rubbish）.5.Couldyoumakeyourbedand_________（fold）yourclothes?

6.Didyoureceive________（fairness）treatment?

7.Couldyouplease_________（pass）methatbook?

8.Don’tdothat.It’sa_________（waste）oftime.9.Theclimber__________（drop）andhurthimself.10.Whenyou’rescaredbutyoustilldoit_________（anyway）,that’sbrave.三、单项选择。

（15分）1.Toprotecttheenvironment,supermarketsdon’t__________freeplasticbagsforshoppers.A.takeB.showC.provideD.carry2.—Paul,couldyouplease______theTV?

Jimissleepingnow.—Sorry.I’lldoitrightnow.A.turnupB.turningupC.turndownD.turningdown3.—Couldyoulendmethebookyouboughtlastweek?

—_________.A.Yes,hereyouareB.No,Ican’tlendC.It’snotinterestingD.Agoodidea4.—Couldyoufinishthetaskintwodays?

—_____.Ihavesomethingelsetodothesedays.A.IcouldnotB.Yes,IthinksoC.I’mafraidsoD.I’mafraidnot5.—Excuseme,couldyouhelpmecarrytheheavybox?

—_________.A.Yes,IcouldB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.WithpleasureD.Don’tmentionit6.—CouldI_________youriPad,Alice?

—Ofcourse.Hereyouare.A.lendB.keepC.borrowD.return7.Heoftenborrowsmoney_______othersbuthedoesn’tlendanything_______anybody.C.from,toD.to,toA.from,fromB.to,from8.Couldyou_______meMary’stelephonenumber?

Iwanttocallher.C.givingD.givesA.togiveB.give9.Everymorning,Igetupatsixo’clock,_________andhaveaquickbreakfast.A.makebedB.makeabedC.makemybedD.makeone’sbed10.—CouldIborrowyourcar?

—__________,Ineedit.I________gotoschool.A.Certainly,don’tB.Sorry,havetoC.Certainly,don’thavetoD.Sure,haveto11.—Couldyouhelpmetakeittotheclassroom?

—_______________.A.Yes,IcouldB.No,Icouldn’tC.Yes,sureD.No,Idon’t12.—Whowillsendyoutotheschool,yourmomoryourdad?

—_____.