高考阅读分类专练及详解社会类.docx

高考阅读分类专练及详解社会类.docx

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高考阅读分类专练及详解社会类

社会类

（11）

Rightisright.Right?

Ofcourse.Butisleftwrong?

Well,theRomansusedtothinkso.Theythoughtleft-handedpeopleweremistakesofnature.Latin,thelanguageoftheRomans,hadmanywordsthatexpressedthisview.Somewordsweusetodaystillhavethismeaning.TheLatinword“dexter”means“right”.TheEnglishword“dexterous”comesfromthisword.Itmeans“handy”（cleverwithhands）.So,rightishandy.ButtheLatinwordforleftis“sinister”.TheEnglishword“sinister”comesfromthisword.Sinistermeans“evil”（verybad）.Isitfairtocallright-handedpeoplehandyandleft-handedpeopleevil?

Well,fairornot,manylanguageshavewordsthatexpresssuchbeliefs.InoldEnglish,thewordforleftmeans“weak”.Thatisn’tmuchofanimprovementover“evil”.

Notverylongago,childrenwereoftenforcedtowritewiththeirrighthands.Doctorshavesincefoundthatthiscanbeveryharmful.Youshouldusethehandyouwereborntouse.

Peoplewhousetheirlefthandsarejuststartingtogetbettertreatment.Butwhytheygetallthesebadnamesinthefirstplace?

Onereasonmaybethattherearenotasmanyleft-handedpeopleasthereareright-handedpeople.Thereisoneleft-handedpersonforeveryfiveright-handedones.Peoplewhoaredifferentareoftenthoughttobewrong.Butattitudesdoseemtobechanging.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplearefinallystartingtogiveleft-handedpeopleahand.

1.Whatdoesthepassageleadustobelievewhenonewrites?

A.Hecanonlyusehisrighthand.

B.Hecanonlyusehislefthand.

C.Hecanuseeitherhislefthandorhisrighthand.

D.Hecanusebothhislefthandandhisrighthand.

2.Thelastsentenceofthisarticlemeans________.

A.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplewanttochangethehabitoftheleft-handedpeople

B.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplearestartingtohelptheleft-handedpeople

C.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplearestartingtouselefthandtowriteandsoon

D.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplearestartingtogiveupusingtheirlefthands

3.Afterwereadthearticlewecancertainlyknowthat_______.

A.left-handedpeoplehavebeentreatedpoorly

B.thenumberoftheleft-handedpeopleislargerthanthatofright-handedpeople

C.right-handedpeoplearemuchclevererthanleft-handedpeople

D.left-handedpeoplearelesssmartbuthardworking

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTright,accordingtothearticle?

A.Atonetime,left-handedpeoplewereforcedtousetheirrighthands.

B.Left-handedpeopletodayarebeingtreatedbetterthanthoseinthepast.

C.Therearenotasmanyleft-handedpeopleasthereareright-handedpeopletoday.

D.“Dexterous”comesfromLatin,means“evil”andEnglish“sinister”means“handy”.

（1—4CBAD）

【答案与解析】本文介绍人们对left-handed与right-handed不同的看法和态度。

1.C。

推断题。

根据文章第2段最后一句医生的建议Youshouldusethehandyouwereborntouse可推知此题的答案为C。

2.B。

根据短语givesbahand的意思是“帮某人的忙”，可推知此题的答案为B。

3.A。

推断题。

根据文章第1段对left的解释及第2段第1句讲强迫小孩用右手，可推知此题答案为A。

4.D。

细节题。

根据文章第1段中的TheLatinword“dexter”means“right”.TheEnglishword“dexterous”comesfromthisword.Itmeans“handy”（cleverwithhands）.So,rightishandy.ButtheLatinwordforleftis“sinister”.TheEnglishword“sinister”comesfromthisword.Sinistermeans“evil”（verybad）可推知此题答案为D。

（12）

TheInternethasledtoahugeincreaseincredit-card（信用卡）fraud.Yourcardinformationcouldevenbeforsaleinanillegalwebsite（非法网站）.

Websitesofferingcheapgoodsandservicesshouldberegardedwithcare.

On-lineshopperswhoentertheircredit-cardinformationmayneverreceivethegoodstheythoughttheybought.Thethievesthengoshoppingwithyourcardnumber—orselltheinformationovertheInternet.Computershackers（黑客）havebrokendownsecurity（安全）systems,raisingquestionsaboutthesafetyofcardholderinformation.Severalmonthsago,25,000customersofCDUniverse,anon-linemusicretailer（零售商）,werenotlucky.Theirnames,addressesandcredit-cardnumberswerepostedonaWebsiteaftertheretailerrefusedtopayUS$157,828togetbacktheinformation.

Credit-cardfirmsarenowfightingagainston-linefraud.MastercardisworkingonplansforWeb—onlycreditcard,withalowercreditlimit.Thecardcouldbeusedonlyforshoppingon-line.However,thereareafewsimplestepsyoucantaketokeepfrombeingcheated（欺骗）.

Askaboutyourcredit-cardfirm’son-linerules:

UnderBritishlaw,cardholdershavetopaythefirstUS$78ofanyfraudulent（欺骗性的）spending.

Andshoponlyatsecuresites;Sendyourcredit-cardinformationonlyiftheWebsiteoffersadvancedsecuresystem.

Ifthesecurityisinplace,aletterwillappearinthebottomright-handcornerofyourscreen.TheWebsiteaddressmayalsostarthttps:

//—theextra“s”standsforsecure.Ifindoubt,giveyourcredit-cardinformationoverthetelephone.

Keepyourpassword（密码）safe:

Moston-linesitesrequireausernameandpasswordbeforeplacinganorder.Treatyourpasswordswithcare.

1.WhatdomostpeopleworryabouttheInternetaccordingtothispassage?

A.Alotofstolencredit-cardsweresoldontheInternet.

B.FraudontheInternet.

C.ManyWebsitesaredestroyed.

D.ManyillegalWebsitesareontheInternet.

2.Whatisthemeaningof“fraud”?

A.Cheating.B.Sale.C.Payment.D.Safety.

3.Howcanthethievesgettheinformationofthecreditcard?

A.Thecustomersgivethemtheinformation.

B.ThethievesstealtheinformationfromWebsites.

C.Thecustomersselltheinformationtothem.

D.Thethievesbuytheinformationfromcredit-cardfirms.

4.Howmanypiecesofadvicedoesthepassagegivetoyou?

A.Four.B.Three.C.Five.D.Six.

5.Youareshoppingonthesite:

http:

//www.Shopping.com,andyouwanttobuyaTVset,whatdoesthisarticlesuggesttodo?

A.OrdertheTVsetatonce.

B.DonotbuytheTVsetonthissite.

C.E-mailthesiteyourcredit-cardinformation.

D.TellthesiteyourpasswordandbuytheTVsetforyou.

（1—5BABAB）　　

【答案与解析】本文介绍了网上黑客人员盗用信用卡资料进行欺骗的行为以及我们该怎样防卫的措施。

1.B。

推断题。

根据文章第1段第1句（因特网已导致使用信用卡欺骗行为大量增加）可推知此题答案为B。

2.A。

词义猜测题。

根据第1段第2句（你的卡上资料可能会在网上非法出售）和第4段最后一句（可采用下列步骤防止受欺骗）可推知此题答案为A。

3.B。

推断题。

根据文章第2段的提醒（当心那些提供便宜商品或服务的网址）可推知此题答案为B。

也可采用排除法：

根据文章内容，排除A和C（并且此两项也不合情理）；根据文章第4段第1句可知选项D也不正确。

因此选B。

4.A。

细节题。

根据对文章第五、六、七、八段的归纳可推知此题的答案为A。

5.B。

细节题。

根据文章倒数第2段中的说明：

安全的网址应在电脑的右下角有一个小字母，或在网址中有一个字母S，而问题中的网址中没有字母S，从而可推知此题答案为B。

（13）

“Congratulations,Mr.Jones,it’sagirl.”

Fatherhoodisgoingtohaveadifferentmeaningandbringforthadifferentanswerfromeverymanwhohearsthesewords.Somefeelproudwhentheyreceivethenews,whileothersworry,wonderingwhethertheywillbegoodfathers.Althoughtherearesomemenwholikechildrenandmayhavehadconsiderableexperiencewiththem,othersdonotparticularlycareforchildrenandspendlittletimewiththem.Manyfathersandmothershavebeenplanningandlookingforwardtochildrenforsometime.Forothercouples,pregnancy（怀孕）wasanaccidentthatbothhusbandandwifehaveacceptedwillinglyorunwillingly.

Whateverthereactiontothebirthofachild,itisobviousthatthechangefromtheroleofhusbandtothatoffatherisadifficulttask.Yet,unfortunately,fewattemptshavebeenmadetoeducatefathersinthisre-socializationprocess.AlthoughmanygoodbookshavebeenwrittenaboutAmericanmothers,onlyrecentlyhavesomebooksdiscussedtheroleofafather.

Itisarguedbysomewritersthatthetransitiontothefather’srole,althoughdifficult,isnotnearlyasgreatasthetransitionthewifemustmaketothemother’srole.Themother’sroleseemstorequireacompletetransformationofdailyroutineandadaptationtoanewlife,ontheotherhand,thefather’sroleislessdemandingandimmediate.However,eventhoughwehavementionedthefactthatgrowingnumbersofwomenareworkingoutsidethehome,thefatherisstillthoughtbymanyasthebreadwinnerinthehousehold.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,beingafather_______.

A.bringsafeelingofexcitementtosomemen

B.hasadifferentmeaningforthosewhohavedaughters

C.makessomemenfeelproudandothersuneasy

D.meansnothingbutmoreresponsibilities.

2.Itisstatedinthepassagethat________.

A.someparentsarenotpreparedtohaveachild

B.youngcouplesdonotlikechildrenatall

C.workingcouplesdonothavemuchtimetotakecareoftheirchildren

D.manyparentslookforwardtohavingaboyastheirfirstchild

3.Thetransitiontothemother’srolerequiresthatthewife_______.

A.changesherlifestyleinaquitedifferentway

B.makesacompletechangeinhereverydaylifetodealwiththenewsituation

C.staysathometotakecareofthebaby

D.helpsherhusbandinhisre-socializationprocess

4.Somewritersarguethatwithrespecttothechangeofroles,fathers,comparedwithmothers,_______.

A.havetodomoreinthehousehold

B.havetomakemoredifficultadaptations

C.haveaneasierjobtodo

D.canusuallydoabetterjob

（1—4CABC）

【答案与解析】本文主要讲述从丈夫的角色转换到父亲的角色是一个很难的过程。

1.C。

细节题。

根据文章第2段第2句Somefeelproudwhentheyreceivethenews,whileothersworry可推知此题答案为C。

2.A。

细节题。

根据文章第2段最后一句pregnancy（怀孕）wasanaccidentthatbothhusbandandwifehaveacceptedwillinglyorunwillingly可推知此题答案为A。

3.B。

细节题。

根据文章最后一段第2句Themother’sroleseemstorequireacompletetransformationofdailyroutineandadaptationtoanewlife可推知此题答案为B。

4.C。

细节题。

根据文章最后一段第1句althoughdifficult,isnotnearlyasgreatasthetransitionthewifemustmaketothemother’srole可推知此题答案为C。

（14）

IndustrialpollutionisnotonlyaproblemforthecountriesofEuropeandNorthAmericabutalsoanextremelyseriousprobleminsomedevelopingcountries.Forthesecountries,economicgrowthisaveryimportantaim.Theywanttointroduceindustries,andso