英语报刊选读专升本.docx

英语报刊选读专升本.docx

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英语报刊选读专升本

平顶山学院

补考

课程：

英语报刊选读（专升本）总时长：

120分钟

1.（阅读理解题）

CaliforniaCondor’sShockingRecovery

California condorsare NorthAmerica’slargestbirds,withwind-lengthofupto3meters.Inthe1980s,electricallinesandleadpoisoning（铅中毒）nearlydrovethemtodyingout.Now,electricshocktrainingandmedicaltreatmentarehelpingtorescuethesebigbirds.

Inthelate1980s,thelastfewcondorsweretakenfromthewildtobebred（繁殖）.Since1992,therehavebeenmultiplereintroductionstothewild,andtherearenowmorethan150flyingover California andnearby Arizona, Utah andBajain Mexico.

Electricallineshavebeenkillingthemoff.“Astheygointorestforthenight,theyjustdon’tseethepowerlines,”saysBruceRideoutofSanDiegoZoo.Theirwingscanbridgethegapbetweenlines,resultinginelectrocution（电死）iftheytouchtwolinesatonce.

Soscientistshavecomeupwithashockingidea.Tallpoles,placedinlargetrainingareas,teachthebirdstostayclearofelectricallinesbygivingthemapainfulbutundeadlyelectricshock.Beforethetrainingwasintroduced,66%ofset-freebirdsdiedofelectrocution.Thishasnowdroppedto18%.

   Leadpoisoninghasprovedmoredifficulttodealwith.Whencondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead,theyabsorblargequantitiesoflead.Thisaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilitytoproducebabybirds,andcanleadtokidney（肾）failuresanddeath.SocondorswithhighlevelsofleadaresenttoLosAngelesZoo,wheretheyaretreatedwithcalciumEDTA,achemicalthatremovesleadfromthebloodoverseveraldays.Thisworkisstartingtopayoff.Theannualdeathrateforadultcondorshasdroppedfrom38%in2000to5.4%in2011.

   Rideout’steamthinksthatthe California condors’averagesurvivaltimeinthewildisnowjustundereightyears.“Althoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow,”hesays.“Theyaretrulygoodbirdsthatarewortheveryeffortweputintorecoveringthem.”

（1）. （单选题）Californiacondorsattractresearchers’interestbecausethey.（）（本题3.0分）

A.areactiveatnight

B.hadtobebredinthewild

C.arefoundoninCalifornia

D.almostdiedoutinthe1980s

答案:

 D

解析:

 无

（2）. （单选题）Researchershavefoundelectricallinesare.（）（本题3.0分）

A.blockingcondors’journeyhome

B.bigkillersofCaliforbniacondors

C.restplacesforcondorsatnight

D.usedtokeepcondorsaway

答案:

 B

解析:

 无

（3）. （单选题）AccordingtoParaghaph5,leadpoisoning.（）（本题3.0分）

A.makescondorstoonervoustofly

B.haslittleeffectoncondors’kidneys

C.canhardlybegottenridofformcondors’blood

D.makesitdifferentforcondorstoproducebabybirds

答案:

 D

解析:

 无

（4）. （单选题）Thepassageshowsthat.（）（本题3.0分）

A.theaveragesurvivaltimeofcondorsissatisfactory

B.Rideout’sresearchinterestliesinelectricengineering

C.theeffortstoprotectcondorshavebroughtgoodresults

D.researchershavefoundthefinalanswerstotheproblem

答案:

 C

解析:

 无

2.（阅读理解题）

Notsolongago,mostpeopledidn’tknowwhoShellyAnnFrancisPrycewasgoingtobecome.Shewasjustanaveragehighschoolathlete.TherewaseveryindicationthatshewasjustanotherAmericanteenagerwithoutmuchofafuture.However,onepersonwantstochangethis.StephenFrancisobservedtheneighteen-year-oldShellyAnnasatrackmeetandwasconvincedthathehadseenthebeginningoftruegreatness.Hertimewerenotexactlyimpressive,butevenso,heseemedtherewassomethingtryingtogetout,somethingtheothercoacheshadoverlookedwhentheyhadassessedherandfoundherlacking.HedecidedtoofferShellyAnnaplaceinhisverystricttrainingseasons.Theircooperationquicklyproducedresults,andafewyearlateratJamaica’sOlympicgamesinearly2008,ShellyAnn,whoatthattimeonlyrankednumber70intheworld,beatJamaica’sunchallengedqueenofthesprint（短跑）.

“Wheredidshecomefrom?

”askedanastonishedsprintingworld,beforeconcludingthatshemustbeoneofthoseone-hitwondersthatspringupfromtimetotime,onlytodisappearagainwithoutsigns.ButShellyAnnwastoprovethatshewasanythingbutaone-hitwonder.Atthe Beijing OlympicshesweptawayanydoubtsaboutherabilitytoperformconsistentlybybecomingthefirstJamaicanwomanevertowinthe100metersOlympicgold.ShediditagainoneyearonattheWorldChampionshipinBriton,becomingworldchampionwithatimeof10.73---thefourthrecordever.

Shelly-Annisalittlewomanwithabigsmile.Shehasamentaltoughnessthatdidnotcomeaboutbychance.Herjourneytobecomingthefastestwomanonearthhasbeenanythingbutsmoothandeffortless.Shegrewupinoneof Jamaica’stoughestinner-citycommunitiesknownasWaterhouse,whereshelivedinaone-roomapartment,sleepingfourinabedwithhermotherandtwobrothers.Waterhouse,oneofthepoorestcommunitiesin Jamaica,isareallyviolentandoverpopulatedplace.SeveralofShelly-Ann'sfriendsandfamilywerecaughtupinthekillings;oneofhercousinswasshotdeadonlyafewstreetsawayfromwhereshelived.Sometimesherfamilydidn’thaveenoughtoeat.Sheranattheschoolchampionshipsbarefootedbecauseshecouldn’taffordshoes.HermotherMaxime,oneofafamilyoffourteen,hadbeenanathleteherselfasayounggirlbut,likesomanyothergirlsinWaterhouse,hadtostopaftershehadherfirstbaby.Maxime’searlyentryintotheadultworldwithitsresponsibilitiesgaveherthedeterminationtoensurethatherkidswouldnotendupinWaterhouse'sroundaboutofpoverty.OneofthefirstthingsMaximeusedtodowithShelly-Annwastakinghertothetrack,andshewasreadytosacrificeeverything.

Itdidn'ttakelongforShelly-AnntorealizethatsportscouldbeherwayoutofWaterhouse.Onasummereveningin Beijing in2008,allthoselong,hardhoursofworkandcommitmentfinallyborefruit.Thebarefootkidwhojustafewyearspreviouslyhadbeenlivinginpoverty,surroundedbycriminalsandviolence,hadwrittenanewchapterinthehistoryofsports.

ButShelly-Ann’svictorywasfargreaterthanthat.ThenightshewonOlympicgoldin Beijing,theroutinemurdersinWaterhouseandthedrugwarsintheneighbouringstreetsstopped.Thedarkcloudaboveoneoftheworld’stoughestcriminalneighbourhoodssimplydisappearedforafewdays. “ Ihavesomuchfireburningformycountry,”Shellysaid.SheplanstostartafoundationforhomelesschildrenandwantstobuildacommunitycentreinWaterhouse.ShehopestoinspiretheJamaicanstolaydowntheirweapons.Sheintendstofighttomakeitawoman’saswellasaman’sworld.

AsMuhammadAliputsit, “ Championsaren'tmadeingyms.Championsaremadefromsomethingtheyhavedeepinsidethem.Adesire,adream,avision.” OneofthethingsShelly-Anncanbeproudofisherunderstandingofthistruth.

（1）. （单选题）WhydidStephenFrancisdecidetocoachShelly-Ann?

（）（本题3.0分）

A.Hehadastrongdesiretofreeherfamilyfromtrouble.

B.Hesensedagreatpotentialinherdespiteherweaknesses.

C.Shehadbigproblemsmaintainingherperformance.

D.Shesufferedalotofdefeatsattheprevioustrackmeets.

答案:

 B

解析:

 无

（2）. （单选题）WhatdidthesprintingworldthinkofShelly-Annbeforethe2008OlympicGames?

（）（本题3.0分）

A.Shewouldbecomeapromisingstar.

B.Shebadlyneededtosethighergoals.

C.Hersprintingcareerwouldnotlastlong.

D.Hertalentforsprintingwasknowntoall.

答案:

 C

解析:

 无

（3）. （单选题）WhatmadeMaximedecidetotrainherdaughteronthetrack?

（）（本题3.0分）

A.Hersuccessandlessonsinhercareer.

B.HerinterestinShelly-Ann’squickprofit.

C.HerwishtogetShelly-Annoutofpoverty.

D.Herearlyentranceintothesprintingworld.

答案:

 C

解析:

 无

（4）. （单选题）WhatcanweinferfromShelly-Ann'sstatementunderlinedinParagraph5?

（）（本题3.0分）

A.Shewashighlyrewardedforherefforts.

B.Shewaseagertodomoreforhercountry.

C.Shebecameanathleticstarinhercountry.

D.Shewastheenvyofthewholecommunity.

答案:

 B

解析:

 无

（5）. （单选题）BymentioningMuhammadAli’swords,theauthorintendstotellusthat.（）（本题3.0分）

A.playersshouldbehighlyinspiredbycoaches

B.greatathletesneedtoconcentrateonpatience

C.hardworkisnecessaryinone’sachievements

D.motivationallowsgreatathletestobeonthetop

答案:

 D

解析:

 无

（6）. （单选题）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

（）（本题3.0分）

A.TheMakingofaGreatAthlete

B.TheDreamforChampionship

C.TheKeytoHighPerformance

D.ThePowerofFullResponsibility

答案:

 A

解析:

 无

3.（阅读理解题）

InthedepthsoftheFrenchGuianeserainforest,therestillremainunusualgroupsofindigenous（土著的）people.Surprisingly,thesepeoplelivelargelybytheirownlawsandtheirownsocialcustoms.Andyet,peopleinthisareaareinfactFrenchcitizensbecauseithasbeenacolony（殖民地）oftheFrenchRepublicsince1946.Intheory,theyshouldlivebytheFrenchlawisoftenignoredorunknown,thusmakingthemintoaninterestingareaof“lawlessness”intheworld.

ThelivesofthesepeoplehavefinallybeenrecordedthankstotheeffectsofaFrenchmanformPariscalledGin.Ginspentfivemonthsinearly2015exploringthemostremotecornersofthisarea,whichsitsontheedgeoftheAmazonrainforest,withhalfitspopulationofonly250,000livinginitscapital,Cayenne.

“IhaveaspeciallovefortheFrenchGuianesepeople.Ihaveworkedthereonandoffforalmosttenyears,”saysGin.“I’vebeenabletokeepfirmfriendshipswiththem.ThusIhavebeenallowedtogainaccesstotheirlivingenvironment.Idon’tseeitasalawlessland.ButratherIseeitasanareaoffreedom.”

“Iwantedtoshowtheaudienceaphotographicrecordtouchingupontheuncivilizedlife,”continuesGin.“Iprefertoworkinblackan